To establish for workers engaged in heavy work, work with
harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions, certain guarantees and
compensation, documentary evidence of workers' compensation is required
places where these workers are employed, relevant indicators
harmful factors working environment, heaviness and tension
labor process. The most appropriate way of such confirmation is
carrying out certification of workplaces according to working conditions in the organization, especially
Moreover, this is the direct responsibility of the employer, enshrined in
Art. 212 Labor Code of the Russian Federation.
To determine whether an employee is eligible for benefits,
The enterprise must conduct certification of workplaces. Perhaps in your
organization has undergone such certification and harmful and hazardous factors
correspond to acceptable values ​​according to the expert opinion.

According to the LIST OF PRODUCTIONS, SHOPS, PROFESSIONS AND POSITIONS WITH
HARMFUL WORKING CONDITIONS, WORK IN WHICH GIVES THE RIGHT TO ADDITIONAL
VACATION AND SHORTEN WORKING DAYS, approved. Resolution of the State Committee for Labor of the USSR,
Presidium of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions dated October 25, 1974 N 298/P-22, the right to additional
leave, as well as other rights (additional payments) for harmful working conditions have
workers in the following specialties:

XLIII. COMMON PROFESSIONS OF ALL SECTORS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
92. Boiler room operator (fireman) engaged in servicing steam and
hot water boilers operating on solid mineral and peat
fuel:
a) when loading manually 12
b) with mechanized loading 6

As you can see, the name of the profession must strictly
correspond to the name of the specialty according to the Unified
Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Professions of Workers (ETKS)

Under what conditions are boiler plant operators employed
maintenance of hot water and steam boilers, enjoy the right to
early assignment of old-age labor pension?
O. Nikolaeva, Krasnoyarsk region

Considering the issue of early pension provision for these
workers, first of all it is necessary to correctly establish the name
their professions. In the Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and
workers' professions (ETKS), approved. by the resolution of the State Labor Committee of the USSR,
Secretariat of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions dated January 31, 1985 No. 31 / 3-30 “On approval of the “General
provisions of the Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and
workers' professions National economy USSR", section "Professions of workers,
common to all sectors of the national economy" of the Unified
tariff and qualification directory of works and professions of workers, issue
1" provides for the profession of "boiler room operator (stoker).

According to current legislation, the right to early appointment
old-age labor pension in accordance with section. XXXIII "General
professions" List No. 2 are used by drivers (stokers) of a boiler house (coal
and slate). The criterion for assessing the employment of a driver (fireman) of a boiler house at
jobs that give the right to early assignment of a labor pension
old age is confirmation of the fact that the boiler room as a whole or
the equipment he services runs on coal or oil shale. On practice
establishing this factor does not pose any special difficulties.

At the same time, when determining the rights of drivers (stokers)
boiler room for early pension provision in accordance with List No.
2 other circumstances are also taken into account.

1. Boiler room operator (stoker) - this is the full name
profession (ETKS, issue 1), so the opinion is completely erroneous
that the right to a pension according to List No. 2 gives a worker of this profession
work in the boiler room. In accordance with the ETKS, the driver (stoker)
boiler room services hot water and steam boilers both in the boiler room and
separately located (including on steam railway cranes), and
also heating network boiler installations or compressed steam stations,
located in the service area of ​​the main units. All these works
give the driver (fireman) of the boiler room the right to early retirement
security.

2. Required condition for early assignment of labor
old age pension according to List No. 2 for a boiler room driver (fireman) is
maintenance of boilers operating on solid fuels (coal and oil shale). This
the circumstance must be confirmed in each specific case
documents.

Workers engaged in servicing hot water and steam boilers (incl.
h. in boiler houses) operating on liquid and gaseous fuels or with
assistance of electric heating, the name of the profession “operator” is established
boiler room”, which is not provided for in Lists No. 1 and 2.

3. To determine the right to early pension provision
boiler room operator (stoker) does not care about heating capacity
hot water and steam boilers (which can be less than 3 Gcal/h,
and above 130 Gcal/h), as well as for what purposes is steam generated and
water (for technological or domestic needs).

4. The work of the boiler room (boilers), as a rule, is seasonal
character. That time when the boiler room (boiler) is not working, and the drivers
(stokers) of the boiler room are engaged in repair work, does not count towards
experience in relevant types of work.

5. Drivers (firemen) of boiler houses, who, along with maintenance
hot water and steam boilers carry out work to remove ash or
only engaged in the removal of ash from furnaces and boiler bunkers, also
enjoy the right to an early retirement retirement pension in
in accordance with List No. 2.

6. The word “stoker” in the name of the profession “machinist (stoker)”
boiler room" clarifies that this profession includes a fireman,
so if according to work book the worker is listed as a boiler room operator
or a boiler room fireman, then in both the first and second cases he will be
have the right to early retirement benefits.

7. The driver (fireman) of the boiler room acquires the right to early
assignment of an old-age labor pension in accordance with List No. 2
(section XXXIII) regardless of which rooms are heated
the boiler room it serves (this could be an industrial building,
school, child care facility, residential premises, health care facility and

Russian Federation

Manufacturing instructions for the driver (fireman) of the boiler room

set bookmark

set bookmark

This production instruction for the driver (fireman) of the boiler room was developed on the basis of the Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory (ETKS No. 1 §90), Rules for the design and safe operation of steam and hot water boilers, Rules for the technical operation of thermal power plants.

1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1.1. The boiler room operator (fireman) is a worker and reports directly to the foreman (head of the section, workshop).

1.2. The boiler room operator (stoker) must perform his duties in accordance with the requirements of these Instructions.

1.3. A person with secondary education and appropriate training in the specialty is appointed to the position of boiler room operator (stoker).

1.4. The boiler room operator (fireman) must know:

the operating principle of serviced boilers, nozzles, steam-air ducts and methods of regulating their operation;

installation of boiler furnaces, slag and ash bunkers;

composition of thermal insulation masses and the main methods of thermal insulation of boilers and steam pipelines;

purpose and conditions of use of simple and medium complexity instrumentation;

arrangement of mechanisms for preparing pulverized fuel, tools and devices for cleaning nozzles and ash and slag removal;

design and operating modes of equipment for heating network boiler installations and compressed steam stations;

rules for cleaning grates, boiler fireboxes and smoke boxes of steam locomotives;

permissible pressure and water level in the locomotive boiler during cleaning;

the influence of atmospheric air on the condition of the walls of the firebox and firebox;

procedure for refueling the firebox;

basic properties of ash and slag;

rules for planning slag and ash dumps;

technological process of the work performed;

norms for the consumption of raw materials and materials for the work performed, methods for the rational use of material resources;

requirements for the quality of work performed, incl. and related operations or processes;

types of defects, reasons for their occurrence, ways to prevent and eliminate them;

characteristics of dangerous and harmful production factors;

instructions for maintaining a safe workplace;

main types of deviations from the normal technological regime and methods for their elimination;

requirements for the use of protective equipment;

methods and techniques for performing work safely;

procedure for action in the event of accidents and situations that may lead to undesirable consequences;

procedure for preventing emergency situations;

rules for providing first (pre-medical) aid to victims of injury, poisoning, or sudden illness;

basics of labor legislation, contractual regulation labor relations, incl. in the field of remuneration and labor standards, the content of the organization’s collective agreement and the procedure for negotiating its conclusion;

internal rules labor regulations;

rules of labor protection, industrial sanitation and personal hygiene, fire safety.

1.5. The boiler room operator (stoker) is appointed to the position and dismissed by order of the head of the institution in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

1.6. Persons at least 18 years of age who have passed a medical examination, theoretical and practical training, tested knowledge of labor safety requirements in the prescribed manner and have received admission to independent work.

1.7. The boiler room operator (stoker) is provided with special clothing and safety footwear in accordance with current standards.

1.8. The driver (fireman) of the boiler room must know and strictly comply with the requirements for labor protection, fire safety, and industrial sanitation.

1.9. The boiler room operator (stoker) must:

carry out work related to the acceptance and delivery of shifts, timely preparation for work of equipment and the workplace, tools, devices, as well as maintaining them in proper condition, cleaning one’s workplace, and maintaining established documentation;

follow safety rules, fire safety measures, provide first aid in case of accidents;

comply with internal labor regulations and the established work and rest schedule;

perform work that is part of his duties or assigned by the administration, provided that he is trained in the rules for the safe performance of this work;

apply safe work practices;

be able to provide first aid to victims.

2. RESPONSIBILITIES

2.1. Before starting work, the driver (stoker) of the boiler room must:

walk around the serviced equipment along a specific route, check the safe condition of the equipment, fences, rotating mechanisms, platforms, flights of stairs, the presence of numbers on the equipment and pipeline fittings;

check at the workplace the availability and serviceability of duty protective clothing and other protective equipment, tools and devices and their compliance with the expiration date, as well as the presence of an electric torch, fire extinguishing equipment, posters or safety signs;

check in the service area the absence of unauthorized personnel (without accompanying persons) and unnecessary objects blocking passages and passages, spilled liquid fuel and oil, fistulas, emissions of fuel, hot water, steam, ash, slag;

check the sufficiency of lighting in the work area and on the equipment being serviced (no burnt out lamps);

make sure there are no flammable materials in the work area.

2.2. During work, the boiler room driver (stoker) is obliged to:

the boiler room operator must carry out walk-throughs and inspections of the equipment, allow maintenance personnel to access the equipment, as well as carry out routine work with the knowledge and permission of the superior duty personnel;

When inspecting the firebox through the hatches, the boiler room operator must use protective equipment: a protective helmet with a cape, goggles and gloves;

when starting rotating mechanisms, you should be at a safe distance from them;

carry out work in personal protective equipment;

ensure uninterrupted operation of boiler room equipment;

start, stop and switch serviced units in heat pipeline diagrams;

keep records of heat supplied to consumers;

remove slag and ash by mechanized means from the furnaces and bunkers of steam and hot water boilers of industrial and municipal boiler houses and the blowers of gas generators;

Load ash and slag using mechanisms into trolleys or wagons and transport them to the designated location;

monitor the operation of ash and slag removal mechanisms, lifting and transport equipment, alarms, instruments, equipment and fencing devices;

participate in the repair of serviced equipment.

2.3. During work, the boiler room operator (fireman) is prohibited from:

put on, remove and adjust drive belts on the go, manually stop rotating and moving mechanisms;

carry out any equipment switching, blowing, ash discharge and other operations that create a danger for inspection;

jump or climb over pipelines (to shorten the route). You should only cross pipelines in places where there are crossing bridges;

move in an unlit area without a flashlight;

clean lamps and replace burnt out lamps;

if there is insufficient illumination of the workplace and the equipment being serviced due to burnout of the lamps, the boiler room operator must call the electrician on duty, and before his arrival, use an electric torch;

lean and stand on platform barriers, railings, coupling and bearing safety covers, walk on pipelines, as well as on structures and ceilings that are not intended for passage over them and do not have special handrails and fences;

to be without operational necessity on the sites of units, near hatches, manholes, water-indicating columns, as well as near shut-off and safety valves and flange connections of pipelines under pressure;

start up mechanisms in the absence or malfunction of fencing devices, as well as clean near operating mechanisms;

remove protective guards from couplings and shafts, from rotating mechanisms;

clean near mechanisms without protective guards or with poorly secured guards;

clean, wipe and lubricate rotating or moving parts of mechanisms, put your hands behind the fence.

2.4. At the end of the working day, the driver (fireman) of the boiler room is obliged to:

complete all work on switching equipment, ongoing work, inspections and walk-throughs (except in emergency cases) to transfer the shift to a replacement;

put yours in order workplace;

remove tools and equipment to the designated place;

Personal protective equipment used during work should be placed in places designated for these purposes.

3. RESPONSIBILITY

The boiler room operator (stoker) is responsible for:

3.1. Timely and high-quality implementation of assigned duties.

3.2. Organization of their work, timely and qualified execution of orders, instructions and instructions from management, regulations on their activities.

3.3. Compliance with internal regulations, fire safety and traffic regulations of the Russian Federation.

3.4. Maintaining documentation required by current regulations.

3.5. Promptly taking measures, including timely informing management, to eliminate violations of safety regulations, fire safety and other rules that pose a threat to the activities of the institution, its employees and other persons.

3.6. For violation labor discipline, legislative and regulatory acts, the driver (stoker) of a boiler room may be brought to disciplinary, material, administrative and criminal liability in accordance with current legislation, depending on the severity of the offense.

4. RIGHTS

The boiler room operator (stoker) has the right:

4.1. Receive from enterprise employees the information necessary to carry out their activities.

4.2. Use information materials and regulatory documents necessary to perform your job duties.

4.3. Pass certification in the prescribed manner with the right to receive the appropriate qualification category.

4.4. Request and receive necessary materials and documents related to his activities and the activities of his subordinate employees.

4.5. Interact with other services of the enterprise on production and other issues included in its functional responsibilities.

4.6. Use everyone labor rights in accordance with the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

5. FINAL PROVISIONS

5.1. An employee is familiarized with this instruction upon acceptance (transfer) to work in the profession for which the instruction has been developed.

5.2. The fact that the employee has familiarized himself with these instructions is confirmed by a signature on the familiarization sheet, which is an integral part of the instructions kept by the employer.

Developed by:

Boss structural unit:

(last name, initials) (signature)

"___"________ ____ G.

Agreed:
Head (specialist) of the labor protection service:
__________________________________.

"___"________ ___ G.

Agreed:
Head (legal consultant) of the legal service:
__________________________________.
(initials, surname) (signature)

"___"________ ___ G.

I have read the instructions:
__________________________________.
(initials, surname) (signature)

Heating houses and buildings of various organizations in winter is a very important task, which boiler house operators, or simply stokers or stokers, are called upon to solve.

Additional payments

Thus, in each region, a fireman’s wages are calculated based on certain indicators. At the same time, wages depend primarily on the length of working hours and the number of shifts worked.

In addition, the calculation includes additional payments:

1. For working at night.
2. For working on holidays and weekends. In this case, a calculation is expected wages double or more, depending on the region.

The following example will help you better understand the payroll system.

In local regulations The current organization states: employees working on a staggered schedule are paid a salary based on the summarized recording of working hours, taking into account hourly rates, according to the average monthly number of hours. Thanks to this, the fireman receives the same amount of money every month, regardless of the standard working hours.

Working time calculation scheme.

Boiler room operator (stoker)

§ 194. Boiler room operator (stoker) (2nd category)

Characteristics of work. Maintenance of hot water and steam boilers with a total heating output of up to 12.6 GJ/h (up to 3 Gcal/h) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual hot water or steam boilers with a boiler heating output of up to 21 GJ/h (up to 5 Gcal/h), operating on solids fuel Maintenance of boilers for steam railway cranes with a lifting capacity of up to 25 tons. Lighting, starting, stopping boilers and feeding them with water. Crushing fuel, loading and drilling the boiler furnace. Regulation of fuel combustion. Monitoring the water level in the boiler, steam pressure and temperature of the water supplied to the heating system using control and measuring instruments. Starting and stopping pumps, motors, fans and other auxiliary mechanisms. Cleaning boiler fittings and appliances. Maintenance of heating network boiler installations or compressed steam stations located in the service area of ​​the main units, with a total heat load of up to 42 GJ/h (up to 10 Gcal/h). Purification of crushed steam and deaeration of water. Maintaining the specified pressure and temperature of water and steam. Participation in flushing, cleaning and repairing the boiler. Manual removal of slag and ash from the furnaces and bunkers of steam and hot water boilers of industrial and municipal boiler houses and the blowers of gas generators, as well as from the grates, furnaces, boilers and blowers of steam locomotives. Layout of slag and ash dumps.

Must know: the operating principle of serviced boilers, nozzles, steam-air ducts and methods of regulating their operation; installation of furnaces for steam boilers, slag and ash bunkers; composition of thermal insulation masses and the main methods of thermal insulation of boilers and steam pipelines; purpose and conditions of use of simple and medium complexity instrumentation; arrangement of mechanisms for preparing pulverized fuel, tools and devices for cleaning nozzles and ash and slag removal; design and operating modes of equipment for heating network boiler installations or compressed steam stations; rules for cleaning grates, furnaces and boilers of the smoke box of steam locomotives; permissible pressure and water level in the locomotive boiler during cleaning; the influence of atmospheric air on the condition of the walls of the firebox and firebox; procedure for refueling the firebox; basic properties of ash and slag; the order of movements of railway cranes along tracks and roads; rules for planning slag and ash dumps.

§ 195. Boiler room driver (stoker) (3rd category)

Characteristics of work. Maintenance of water heating and steam boilers with a total heating capacity of over 12.6 GJ/h to 42 GJ/h (over 3 to 10 Gcal/h) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual water heating and steam boilers with a boiler heating capacity of over 21 to 84 GJ/h (over 5 to 20 Gcal/h), operating on solid fuel. Maintenance of boilers on steam railway cranes with a lifting capacity of over 25 tons or boilers of steam excavators. Starting, stopping, regulating and monitoring the operation of traction and ash removal devices, stockers, economizers, air heaters, steam superheaters and feed pumps. Maintenance of heating network boiler installations or compressed steam stations located in the service area of ​​the main units, with a total heat load of over 42 to 84 GJ/h (over 10 to 20 Gcal/h). Ensuring uninterrupted operation of boiler room equipment. Starting, stopping and switching of serviced units in heat pipeline diagrams. Accounting for heat supplied to consumers. Mechanical removal of slag and ash from the furnaces and bunkers of steam and hot water boilers in industrial and municipal boiler houses and the blowers of gas generators. Loading ash and slag using mechanisms into trolleys or wagons and transporting them to a designated location. Monitoring the proper operation of ash removal mechanisms, handling equipment, alarms, instruments, equipment and fencing devices. Washing off slag and ash using special devices. Participation in the repair of serviced equipment.

Must know: design of the equipment and mechanisms used; methods of rational combustion of fuel in boilers; diagrams of heat, steam and water pipelines and external heating networks; the procedure for recording the results of equipment operation and heat supplied to consumers; the importance of timely removal of slag and ash for the normal operation of boilers; rules for caring for serviced equipment and ways to eliminate deficiencies in its operation; types of boilers serviced; rules and methods for loading and transporting ash and slag; systems - lubrication and cooling of serviced units and mechanisms; rules for maintaining records of the operation of ash and slag removal mechanisms and equipment; installation of simple and medium complexity control and measuring instruments.

§ 196. Boiler room driver (stoker) (4th category)

Characteristics of work. Maintenance of hot water and steam boilers with a total heating output of over 42 to 84 GJ/h (over 10 to 20 Gcal) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual hot water and steam boilers with a boiler heating output of over 84 to 273 GJ/h (over 20 to 65 Gcal/h) operating on solid fuel. Monitoring the water level in boilers, pressure and temperature of steam, water and exhaust gases using control and measuring instruments. Regulation of the operation (load) of boilers in accordance with the steam consumption schedule. Monitoring the fuel supply. Maintenance of heating network boiler installations or compressed steam stations located in the service area of ​​the main units with a total heat load of over 84 GJ/h (over 20 Gcal/h). Prevention and troubleshooting of equipment.

Must know: design and maintenance rules for boilers, as well as various auxiliary mechanisms and boiler fittings; basic information on heating engineering, various fuel mixtures and the influence of fuel quality on the combustion process and the thermal performance of boiler units; fuel preparation process; technical specifications on water quality and methods of its purification; causes of malfunctions in the operation of the boiler installation and measures to prevent and eliminate them; device, purpose and conditions of use of complex instrumentation.

§ 197. Boiler room operator (stoker) (5th category)

Characteristics of work. Maintenance of hot water and steam boilers with a total heating output of over 84 to 273 GJ/h (over 20 to 65 Gcal/h) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual hot water and steam boilers with a boiler heating output of over 273 to 546 GJ/h (over 65 to 130 Gcal/h) h) operating on solid fuel. Switching feed lines. Filling and emptying steam lines. Turning on and off automatic boiler power supply equipment. Preventive inspection of boilers, their auxiliary mechanisms, instrumentation and participation in scheduled preventive maintenance of boiler units. Receiving boilers and their auxiliary mechanisms from repair and preparing them for operation.

Must know: design and principle of operation of hot water and steam boilers various systems; operational data of boiler equipment and mechanisms; installation of automatic control devices; rules for maintaining the operating mode of the boiler room depending on instrument readings; diagrams of pipeline networks and alarms in the boiler room; rules for setting up and regulating instrumentation.

§ 198. Boiler room operator (stoker) (6th category)

Characteristics of work. Maintenance of water heating and steam boilers of various systems with a total heating capacity of over 273 GJ/h (over 65 Gcal/h) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual water heating and steam boilers with a boiler heating capacity of over 546 GJ/h (over 130 Gcal/h), operating on solids fuel

Must know: design features of complex instrumentation and automatic control devices; calorific value and physical properties fuel; elements of the fuel balance of boilers and its compilation; rules for determining the efficiency of a boiler installation.

This labor safety instruction for the driver (fireman) of the boiler room is available for free viewing and downloading.

1. GENERAL OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

1.1. Workers who are at least 18 years old and have passed the medical checkup who have no contraindications for health reasons and have the necessary theoretical and practical training who have undergone introductory and initial workplace safety briefings and training according to a special program, certified by the qualification commission and received permission to work independently.
1.2. The boiler room operator must periodically, at least once a year, undergo testing of knowledge of labor protection requirements and obtain permission to work increased danger.
1.3. The boiler room operator, regardless of qualifications and work experience, must undergo repeated training on labor protection at least once every three months; in case of violation of labor safety requirements by the boiler room operator, during a break in work for more than 30 calendar days, he must undergo unscheduled instruction.
1.4. A boiler room operator who is allowed to work independently must know: the structure of the equipment and mechanisms used. Rules for caring for serviced equipment and ways to eliminate deficiencies in its operation. Rules, regulations and instructions for labor protection and fire safety. Rules for the use of primary fire extinguishing agents. Methods of providing first aid in case of accidents. Internal labor regulations of the organization.
1.5. The boiler room operator must know that in order to check the condition of the boilers, ensuring their safe work, all boilers must undergo periodic technical inspection, which consists of external and internal inspections (at least once every 4 years) and hydraulic testing (at least once every 8 years), and can also be subjected to an extraordinary inspection.
1.6. After each cleaning of internal surfaces or repair of boiler elements, but at least every 12 months, external and internal inspections of the boilers must be carried out.
1.7. A boiler room operator sent to participate in work unusual for his profession must pass targeted instruction on labor protection for upcoming work.
1.8. The boiler room operator is prohibited from using tools, devices and equipment, the safe handling of which he is not trained.
1.9. The boiler room operator has the right to service only solid fuel boilers.
1.10. When transferring an operator to service boilers operating on liquid or gaseous fuel, the boiler room operator must undergo additional training and testing of knowledge of the design and safe operation of boilers operating on liquid or gaseous fuel.
1.11. During work, a boiler room operator may be adversely affected mainly by the following dangerous and harmful production factors:
— surfaces of boiler equipment heated to high temperatures, hot water, steam;
— unsatisfactory microclimatic conditions (high temperature, low air humidity);
— flowing jets of hot water, steam from pipelines under pressure;
- increased concentration harmful substances in the air of the working area (for example, fuel combustion products);
— danger of explosion and fire;
— flying fragments, elements, parts of boiler equipment (for example, as a result of an explosion);
— location of the workplace at a significant height relative to the ground surface;
— falling tools, parts;
— increased slip (due to oiling, wetting of the surfaces on which the driver moves);
— sharp edges, burrs, roughness on the surface of tools, boiler equipment, components, etc.;
— increased level of infrared radiation, noise;
— insufficient illumination of the working area;
- an electric current, the path of which, in the event of a short circuit, can pass through the human body.
1.12. During work, the boiler room operator must use special clothing, special footwear and other personal protective equipment from the effects of hazardous and harmful production factors.
1.13. To prevent the possibility of a fire, the boiler room operator must comply with fire safety requirements himself and prevent other workers from violating these requirements; Smoking is permitted only in designated areas.
1.14. The boiler room operator is obliged to observe labor and production discipline, internal labor regulations; It should be remembered that drinking alcohol usually leads to accidents.
1.15. If an accident occurs with any of the employees, the victim must immediately provide first aid, report the incident to the manager and maintain the situation of the incident, if this does not create a danger to others.
1.16. The boiler room operator, if necessary, must be able to provide first aid and use a first aid kit.
1.17. To prevent the possibility of illness, the boiler room operator should follow the rules of personal hygiene, including thoroughly washing his hands with soap before eating.
1.18. A boiler room operator who violates or fails to comply with the requirements of the labor protection instructions is considered as a violator of production discipline and may be subject to disciplinary liability, and depending on the consequences - even criminal; if the violation is related to causing material damage, then the culprit may be prosecuted financial liability according to established order.

2. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS BEFORE STARTING WORK

2.1. Before starting duty, the boiler room operator must familiarize himself with the entries in the shift log and check the serviceability of the boilers being serviced and related equipment, as well as the serviceability of emergency lighting and alarms.
2.2. Acceptance and delivery of duty must be documented by an entry in the shift log indicating the results of checking boilers and auxiliary equipment, water indicating devices, water limit indicators, pressure gauges, safety valves, power supply devices and automation equipment.
2.3. Before starting any work inside a boiler connected to other operating boilers by common pipelines (steam line, feed line, drain line, drain line, etc.), as well as before inspecting or repairing elements operating under pressure, if there is a risk of burns to people steam or water, the boiler must be separated from all pipelines by plugs.
2.4. Before opening hatches and hatches located within the water space, water must be removed from the elements of boilers and economizers; opening hatches and hatches, as well as repairing boiler elements, is permitted only in the complete absence of pressure.
2.5. Before starting work inside the boiler furnace, a work permit must be issued; in this case, the air temperature inside should be no higher than 50-60 0C; the stay of the same employee inside the boiler at these temperatures should not exceed 20 minutes.
2.6. Before starting work, the firebox must be well ventilated and lit, and signs should be posted on valves, valves and dampers when sections of pipelines are disconnected: “Do not turn on, people are working.”
2.7. Before starting work in the boiler, you should make sure that the portable lamps are powered by a voltage not exceeding 12 V.
2.8. Before closing hatches and manholes, it is necessary to check whether there are people or foreign objects inside the boiler.
2.9. In preparation for lighting the boiler unit, the boiler room operator should do the following:
2.9.1. Make sure there is sufficient fuel and feed water.
2.9.2. Inspect the boiler and make sure there are no dangerous damages.
2.9.3. Check the serviceability of instrumentation, fittings, feeding devices, as well as the presence of natural draft.
2.9.4. Fill the boiler (through the economizer) with feed water.
2.9.5. Make sure that the plugs before and after the safety valves are removed.
2.9.6. Make sure there are no people or foreign objects in the firebox.
2.10. Before lighting the boiler, the firebox must be ventilated for 10-15 minutes by opening the firebox doors, the blower, dampers to regulate the air supply and turning on smoke exhausters and fans.
2.11. Immediately before lighting the boiler, you should once again check the correct opening and closing of valves, latches, and dampers.

3. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS DURING WORK

3.1. While on duty, the boiler room operator must not be distracted from fulfilling his duties and the requirements of these instructions.
3.2. Boilers should be fired only if there is an order written in the shift log by the boiler room manager.
3.3. Boilers must be fired for the time specified in the order, with low heat, reduced draft, closed steam valve and open safety valve or air vent.
3.4. Before lighting the boiler, it is necessary to check the presence of water in the boiler using the water indicator glasses and ventilate the firebox and flues.
3.5. Having completed all the steps to prepare the boiler for lighting, you need to throw coal into the firebox and ignite it with burning coal taken from the firebox of a working boiler, or with dry wood.
3.6. The use of flammable liquids (gasoline, kerosene, etc.) when lighting the boiler is not allowed.
3.7. The boiler should always be lit at low heat with reduced draft.
3.8. When lighting the boiler, you should ensure uniform heating of its parts and turn on the device for heating water in the lower drum of the boiler in advance.
3.9. During the entire heating process, it is necessary to check that the water in the economizer is not heating up.
3.10. When steam begins to escape from an open safety valve or air valve, it is necessary to return the safety valve to normal operating condition, close the air valve (faucet) and turn on the blowing of the superheater, then increase the draft, intensify the combustion in the furnace, check the proper operation of the fittings, and blow out the water indicating devices and monitor the water level in the boiler.
3.11. Tightening bolts, studs, manholes, hatches, hatches during boiler firing should be done with great care, only with a normal key, without the use of extension levers, in the presence of a person responsible for the good condition and safe operation of the boilers.
3.12. The boiler is fired until the permitted operating pressure is reached in the boiler, i.e. the pressure gauge needle reaches the red line, then the boiler being melted is prepared for inclusion in the common steam line.
3.13. Before putting the boiler into operation, the following actions must be performed:
3.13.1. Blowing the boiler.
3.13.2. Checking the proper operation of safety devices (valves), pressure gauges, water indicating devices and feeding devices.
3.13.3. Checking the readings of reduced water level indicators using direct-acting water level indicators installed on the boiler drum.
3.13.4. Checking and turning on security automation, alarms and equipment automatic control boiler
3.14. It is prohibited to put into operation boilers with faulty water indicators, pressure gauges, feed devices, fittings, safety valves, safety automatics and emergency protection and alarm systems.
3.15. Switching on the boiler into a steam line that is inoperative should be done slowly, after thoroughly warming up and purging the steam line.
3.16. When the boiler is connected to a steam line that is in operation, the pressure in the boiler should be equal to or slightly lower (no more than 0.5 kgf/cm2) the pressure in the steam line, and combustion in the furnace should be reduced; If shocks or hydraulic shocks occur in the steam line, it is necessary to immediately stop turning on the boiler and increase the purge of the steam line.
3.17. As the boiler load increases, superheater blowdown should be reduced, and when approximately half the normal load is reached, it should be stopped.
3.18. The start time of kindling and the time the boiler was put into operation must be recorded in the shift log.
3.19. While on duty, the boiler room operator must monitor the serviceability of the boiler and all boiler room equipment and comply with the established operating mode of the boiler; Malfunctions identified during equipment operation should be recorded in the shift log.
3.20. The boiler room operator must take immediate measures to eliminate malfunctions that threaten the safe and trouble-free operation of the equipment; if the faults are corrected on our own is impossible, then it is necessary to inform the boiler room manager about this.
3.21. During work, special attention should be paid to:
3.21.1. Furnace operating mode.
3.21.2. Maintaining a normal water level in the boiler and uniformly supplying it with water; at the same time, the water level must not be allowed to fall below the permissible minimum level or rise above the permissible level top level.
3.21.3. Maintaining normal steam and feed water pressure; increasing the pressure in the boiler above the permitted one is not allowed.
3.21.4. Maintaining the temperature of superheated steam and feed water after the water economizer.
3.21.5. Safety valves and their maintenance.
3.21.6. Blowing the boiler.
3.22. When using a manual firebox, throwing is necessary solid fuel on the grate quickly, without leaving the combustion doors open for a long time.
3.23. The frequency of throwing and the amount of fuel thrown depends on the boiler load, the type of fuel and the size of its pieces.
3.24. Casting should be done more often, but in small portions.
3.25. As the furnace operates, the slag layer gradually increases, so it is necessary to cut through the slag by passing a crowbar along the grate.
3.26. If so much slag has accumulated that cutting through it no longer helps, then you need to start cleaning the firebox.
3.27. The length of the period between cleaning the firebox depends on the ash content of the fuel, the design of the firebox and the maximum draft or blast force.
3.28. When manually cleaning the firebox, slag and ash coming from the firebox into the bunker must be filled with water in the bunker itself or in the trolley.
3.29. The release of unfilled slag and ash from a bunker and their removal with fire to a landfill is prohibited.
3.30. Operation of boilers with faulty or unregulated safety valves is prohibited; Do not jam the safety valves or place additional stress on them.
3.31. It is prohibited to purge the boiler if the purge valves are faulty, or to open and close the valves with blows from a hammer or other objects, or using extended levers; The start and end times of boiler purging must be recorded in the shift log.
3.32. It is prohibited to tap rivet seams, weld boiler elements, etc. while the boiler is operating.
3.33. All devices and devices for automatic control and safety of the boiler must be maintained in good condition and checked regularly.
3.34. Stopping the boiler in all cases, with the exception of an emergency stop, must be carried out by written order of the head of the boiler room.
3.35. When stopping the boiler, perform the following operations:
3.35.1. Maintain the water level in the boiler above the average operating position.
3.35.2. Stop fuel supply to the firebox.
3.35.3. Disconnect it from the steam lines after combustion in the furnace has completely stopped and steam extraction has stopped; if, after disconnecting the boiler from the steam line, the pressure in the boiler increases, the blowing of the superheater should be increased; It is also allowed to carry out a small purging of the boiler and replenish it with water.
3.35.4. Cool down the boiler and drain water from it.
3.36. During work, the boiler room operator must behave calmly and with restraint, avoid conflict situations that can cause nervous and emotional tension and affect labor safety.
3.37. While working, you should be careful and not be distracted from your duties.

4. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS IN EMERGENCIES

4.1. It is not allowed to accept or return to duty during the liquidation of an accident in the boiler room.
4.2. The boiler room operator is obliged to immediately stop the boiler in emergency cases and report this to the boiler room manager.
4.3. The boiler room operator is obliged to emergency stop the boiler in the following cases:
4.3.1. If more than 50% of safety valves or other safety devices replacing them have ceased to function.
4.3.2. If the pressure has risen above the permitted value by more than 10% and continues to rise, despite stopping the fuel supply, reducing draft and increasing the supply of water to the boiler.
4.3.3. If there is a loss of water from the boiler (below the lower edge of the water indicator glass); It is prohibited to refill the boiler with water.
4.3.4. If the water level drops quickly, despite increased water supply to the boiler.
4.3.5. If the water level has risen above the upper edge of the water indicator glass and it is not possible to reduce it by blowing the boiler.
4.3.6. If all nutritional devices are discontinued.
4.3.7. If all water indicating devices are no longer in operation.
4.3.8. If cracks, bulges, or gaps in welds, breaks of two or more nearby connections.
4.3.9. If the power supply is interrupted due to artificial draft, and the elements of the boiler and its lining are damaged, creating a danger for operating personnel or the threat of destruction of the boiler.
4.3.10. If there is a fire in the boiler room.
4.4. The reasons for the emergency shutdown of the boiler must be recorded in the shift log.
4.5. If drafts appear in rivet seams or in places where pipes are rolled, fistulas on pipes, heating surfaces of the boiler, as well as other damage and malfunctions of the boiler, fittings, pressure gauges, safety devices and auxiliary equipment that do not require immediate shutdown of the boiler, the boiler room operator is obliged to immediately report about this to the head of the site.
4.6. If a fire occurs in the boiler room, the boiler room operator must immediately call the fire department by calling 101 or 112 and take measures to extinguish it without stopping monitoring the boilers; if a fire threatens the boilers and it is impossible to extinguish it quickly, it is necessary to stop the boilers in an emergency, intensively feeding them with water and releasing steam into the atmosphere (outside).
4.7. In the event of an accident or sudden illness, it is necessary to immediately provide first aid to the victim, call a doctor or help take the victim to a doctor, and then inform the manager about the incident.
4.8. For thermal burns, you need to water the affected areas of the body with a stream of cold water or cover them with snow for 15-20 minutes; this reduces pain and the depth of tissue overheating, prevents swelling; A sterile bandage should be applied to the burned area of ​​skin using a bandage or gauze.

5. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AFTER WORK COMPLETION

5.1. At the end of the work, the boiler room operator must put the workplace and tools in order.
5.2. The boiler room operator must pass duty and make an appropriate entry in the shift log.
5.3. At the end of the work, you should take off your overalls, safety shoes and other personal protective equipment and put them in the designated storage location, and, if necessary, hand them over for washing and cleaning.
5.4. Any malfunctions and malfunctions of the tools and equipment used during work, as well as other violations of labor safety requirements, should be reported to your immediate supervisor.
5.5. At the end of work, you should wash your hands thoroughly with warm water and soap, and if necessary, take a shower.

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