What are the goals of business communication? Types and purposes of business communication. Features of business communication

Business conversation plays an important role in various types professional activity, determines their success. It acquires particular significance for people involved in management. Thus, executives and managers spend 80% of their working time on communication. And this is no coincidence: after all, the goal of business communication is to organize fruitful cooperation.

In scientific and methodological literature Many definitions of the concept “business communication” are given. Here is one that highlights the purpose. Business conversation- this is interpersonal communication for the purpose of organizing and optimizing one or another type of objective activity: production, scientific, commercial, managerial, etc.

Business communication is a complex phenomenon. Its character is influenced by both vertical and horizontal connections in the interaction process. Business people You constantly have to communicate with people at different levels of the hierarchical ladder (vertically), as well as with colleagues and employees of the same level (horizontally). In the first case, these are subordinate relationships, in the second - partnerships.

Subordination relations are determined by the social status of the interlocutors and administrative and legal norms (for example, a manager - a subordinate).

These relationships are characterized by strict subordination of juniors in rank or position to seniors, and compliance with the rules of official discipline. The manager makes decisions that are binding on the subordinate. Just as often a leader who prefers a subordinate type of relationship adheres to an authoritarian style of communication, he chooses a closed monologue strategy. For him, the interlocutor is an object that can be manipulated. The main thing for him is not to listen to the interlocutor, but to speak himself. He expresses his opinion sharply and categorically. It is characterized by phrases like: I am interested in this and that; I believe that; even though you don’t know it; no, you're wrong.

Such relationships cannot contribute to the success of the business. They fetter initiative, suppress feedback, and kill interest in the matter.

Partnership relations are of a different nature. They are guided by a strategy of cooperation and mutual understanding, taking into account the common interests and needs of the participants. Such relationships correspond to the Russian rhetorical ideal of the Socratic type, Platonic dialogues.

“It is no coincidence that in business life there is a movement away from strict subordination relationships to partnerships, to the establishment of subordination-partnership relations along the vertical. This increases the business and creative activity of people, is important factor technological process production"(5, 40).

What is typical for business communication? We will examine this question in the next paragraph.

Federal Agency for Education

GOUVPO "Norilsk Industrial Institute"

Department of Philosophical-Historical and Socio-Economic Sciences

ABSTRACT

by discipline "Basics corporate culture and business communication»

Subject: "Goals and values of business communication»

Completed:

Checked:

NORILSK 2010

Introduction

Business conversation

Goals of business communication

Business Communication Values

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introduction

People have been named in various ways: homo sapiens (reasonable man), homo fuber (producing man), and homo ludens (playing man). It seems that with no less reason can he be called homo communicans - a person communicating.

The Russian thinker Pyotr Chaadaev (1794-1856) wittily remarked: “Deprived of communication with other creatures, we would pluck grass rather than reflect on our nature.” And he was right, since the natural way of a person’s existence is his connection with other people, and a person himself becomes a person only in communication.

The need for communication, according to psychologists, is one of the basic (basic) human needs. The importance of communication as a basic need is determined by the fact that “it dictates the behavior of people with no less power than, for example, the so-called vital needs.” Communication is a necessary condition for the normal development of a person as a member of society and as an individual, a condition for his spiritual and physical health.

Acting as a powerful consumer of human energy, communication is at the same time an invaluable biostimulator of human life and spiritual aspirations.

In psychology, communication is defined as the interaction of two or more people, consisting in the exchange of information between them of a cognitive or emotional-evaluative nature. Depending on the communication technique used and its goals, the following types can be distinguished:

H "Contact of masks", that is, formal communication in which there is no desire to understand and take into account the personality characteristics of the interlocutor.

H Formal-role communication, which regulates both the content and means of communication social roles and communication.

H Social communication is formal, and its participants say what is supposed to be said in such cases.

H Manipulative communication. It is aimed at obtaining one-sided benefits from an interview using a manipulative technique of influencing the communication opponent depending on his characteristics as a person.

H Spiritual Interpersonal Communication between people, in which the deep structures of personality are revealed.

H Business conversation is aimed at coordinating and uniting the efforts of people in order to establish relationships and achieve a common result.

Both individuals and groups can act as subjects of communication. If we consider what and why people communicate, it turns out that there may be 4 goals:

The purpose of communication is outside the interaction of subjects;

The purpose of communication lies within itself;

The purpose of communication is to introduce the partner to the experience and values of the initiator of communication;

The purpose of communication is to introduce him (the initiator) to the values of his partner.

Further, we will be interested only in business communication - communication that has a goal outside itself and serves as a way to organize and optimize one or another type of objective activity: production, scientific, commercial, etc.

Business conversation

Any common cause involves communication and interaction of participants as necessary remedy ensuring its effectiveness. Activity can neither arise nor be carried out without intensive communication.

Business communication is a special form of interaction between people in a certain type of process labor activity, which promotes the establishment of a normal moral and psychological atmosphere of work and partnership relations between managers and subordinates, between colleagues, creates conditions for productive cooperation of people in achieving significant goals, ensuring the success of the common cause.

Business communication is a complex, multifaceted process of developing contacts between people in the professional sphere. Its participants act in official capacities and are focused on achieving goals and specific tasks. The specificity is the regulations - subject to established restrictions, defined by national and cultural traditions, professional ethical principles.

Types of business communication according to the method of information exchange are divided into oral and written. Oral types, in turn, are divided into monologue and dialogic. Monologue types of speech include welcoming speech, sales (advertising), information, report (at a meeting, meeting).

Dialogical types of speech:

H business conversation(short-term contact, mainly on one topic);

H business conversation (exchange of information accompanied by decision-making);

H negotiations (discussion with the aim of concluding an agreement on any issue);

H interview (conversation with a journalist intended for print, radio, television);

H discussion;

H meeting (meeting);

- press conference, contact business conversation (direct, “live” dialogue);

H telephone conversation.

In direct contact and face-to-face conversation, oral and nonverbal communications are of greatest importance. Conversation or sending messages by telephone are the most common forms of communication; they are distinguished by direct contact and a wide variety of communication methods, which allows you to combine the business (formal) and personal (informal) parts of any message.

Written types of business communication are official documents: business letter, protocol, report, certificate, report and explanatory letter, act, statement, agreement, charter, regulation, instruction, decision, order, instruction, order, power of attorney, etc.

H material - exchange of objects and products of activity;

CH cognitive - exchange of knowledge;

Motivational - exchange of motives, goals, interests, motives, needs;

H activity - exchange of actions, operations, skills.

By means of communication:

H direct, which is carried out with the help of the arms, head, torso, vocal cords, etc.;

H indirect - associated with the use of special means and tools (letters, telefax, etc.);

H direct - personal contacts and direct perception of each other by people in the very act of communication (telephone conversation, live broadcast, etc.);

H indirect - carried out through intermediaries (other people).

The subject of business communication is the business in which people are engaged in the process of activity, and not the problems affecting their inner world:

Goals of business communication

Business communication becomes of paramount importance for people who are involved in management. As studies in the field of management show, according to average data, about 80-90% of the working time of managers at all known levels is spent on communication and communication.

The main goal of business communication is to organize fruitful cooperation, as well as to create optimal conditions for successfully solving problems facing the organization and its individual employees.

In other words, the purpose of business communication can be called the organization and optimization of a certain type of joint activity.

However, in addition to the general goal, it is also possible to highlight personal goals, which are realized to one degree or another by the direct participants in the communication:

The desire for personal safety in the process social activities, in the course of carrying out their professional responsibilities, which often manifests itself in avoidance of responsibility assigned to the employee;

- the desire for power, that is, the desire to expand the range of available powers, to move only up the career ladder, to get rid of the burden of hierarchical control;

The desire to increase one’s prestige, which is often combined with the desire to strengthen the prestige of the position held and the organization itself.

But in order for the goal of business communication to be successfully realized, modern psychological science identifies two main ethical and psychological principles of business communication, which include:

The principle of creating conditions for identifying creative potential and professional knowledge personality, on the basis of which it is possible to reconcile the employee’s personal goals with the overall goals of the organization;

The principle of authority and responsibility, regulating business communication within the framework of official rights and responsibilities in accordance with the official status of the employee, his assessment business qualities and the use of his direct qualifications and gained experience.

Business Communication Values

Studying any form of business communication, we are faced with its general laws. Let us present a diagram of the relationship between interaction and development. The main elements of this scheme: the system of mutual influence and the person. The ideal of a person is what a person is and what he does, i.e. the embodiment of what he can become. These are the best tendencies, which, embodied in a model, become a stimulus and regulator of its development. The system of mutual influence contributes to the development of a conscious personality.

In the process of business communication, the uniqueness of the operation of the laws of interpersonal relations is studied, and specific patterns are revealed. Business communication involves the regulation of production and non-production relations in working conditions.

In business communication, mutual development of the subjects of communication takes place. The essence of such a process is expressed in the degree of consciousness and activity of the individual participating in it. The purpose of business communication is to develop cooperation. Business communication is a condition for the development of thinking and behavior techniques, helping those who own it to come to the right conclusions.

The dependence on coordination and mutual influence is much broader than is usually implied when talking about communication. If there were no effective procedures and techniques, we would not be able to enjoy any of the fruits of civilization.

The behavior of participants in business communication should be imbued with purity and nobility. The development of business communication consists in the improvement of its subjects, in the superiority of their soul and heart, in inner beauty and a high degree of morality. In communication, it is important to use reasoning, correct and comprehensive commentary on information obtained from the press, radio, television and other sources, selection and synthesis necessary facts and events, creating and formulating one’s own information of interest to the interlocutor. In business communication, a competition of minds, programs, projects, and provisions is realized.

Knowledge, its breadth and depth, horizons, and erudition provide flexibility and independent thinking. Business communication determines the organization of mental activity, forces its participants to reflect on a particular problem, form their views and relationships, determine their place and purpose in production activities. The system of mutual influence encourages subjects of business communication to perform that set of interrelated actions, as a result of which goods and services necessary for society are produced. As a result, the mechanism of positive cooperation and coordination in the workforce is developing and improving.

In business communication, participants take those actions that, in their opinion, will bring them the greatest benefit (that is, benefit minus any possible costs or losses associated with these actions). Everyone acts following their personal interests, in accordance with the formulated rules, depending on the interaction in business communication. People with high level development people experience great satisfaction in helping others. Unfortunately, there are also those - probably not many of them - who get satisfaction from harming their employees. However, a developed personality is able to correctly predict the actions of complete strangers. This turns out to be useful in cases where you want to influence the behavior of other people.

By acting in their own interests, participants in business communication create opportunities for their opponents to choose. Mutual influence is the process of continuous mutual adjustment to changes in benefits arising from their interaction with each other. These actions change the relative costs and benefits associated with the opportunities available to other people. Changes in costs and benefits can motivate participants to change their behavior so that it is more consistent with the actions of other people. This is the main mechanism of cooperation between participants in business communication, which allows them to ensure that their needs are met using available means. Thus, in the interaction of personal and non-personal interests and needs, rational choice is made in business communication.

Having previously weighed the expected pros and cons of the available options, a person learns from his mistakes and, therefore, tries not to repeat them. People, pursuing their interests, adapt to each other’s behavior, although they comply with the norms and rules accepted in society. This combines the personal and public interests of participants in business communication. An important part of the rules governing these interactions are property rights, which delimit what belongs to whom. Property rights and other rules and regulations ultimately determine exactly what choices business entities will make in pursuit of their interests.

If participation in the discussion and solution of production problems is formal, then it is not the social qualities of the manager’s personality that dominate, but the qualities of the subject-performer, i.e. the rational natural essence of man. In this case, the rules of business communication are only external requirement, and not the inner essence of its subjects.

Conclusion

As can be seen from the abstract, business communication is a very important and necessary process aimed at uniting efforts and harmonizing people in order to establish relationships between them and achieve some common result.

Business communication serves as a way to organize and optimize a certain type of substantive activity. It can be industrial, scientific, commercial, etc. In the process of this work activity, interacting, people establish a normal moral and psychological atmosphere of work and partnership relations between managers and subordinates, between colleagues, creating conditions for their productive cooperation in achieving significant goals, ensuring the success of the common cause.

The most significant goal of business communication can be called the organization of cooperation that bears fruit; it can also be the creation of optimal conditions for the successful solution of the tasks that face both the organization and its individual employees.

Among other things, personal goals are also distinguished in business communication:

- desire for personal safety;

- the desire to increase your standard of living, improve your financial situation;

- desire for power;

The desire to increase one's prestige.

But, studying business communication, we can highlight not only its general or specific goals, but also general laws. In general, this process represents a diagram of the relationship between interaction and development. The main elements of this scheme: the system of mutual influence and the person. The ideal of a person is what a person is and what he does, i.e. the embodiment of what he can become. These are the best tendencies, which, embodied in a model, become a stimulus and regulator of its development.

In business communication, mutual development of the subjects of communication takes place. The essence of this process is expressed in the degree of consciousness and activity of the individual participating in it. Business communication, determining the organization of mental activity, forces its participants to reflect on some problem, form their views and attitudes, and determine their place and purpose in production activities. In business communication, a competition of minds, programs, projects, and provisions is realized.

Business communication allows you to better understand what market and new socio-economic relations require, and to see a wide range of complex social relationships. It is able to explain the processes of coordination in society and identify the prerequisites that allow them to develop successfully.

Bibliography

1. Psychology and ethics of business communication: Textbook for universities / Ed. prof. V.N. Lavrinenko. - 4th ed., revised. and additional - M.: UNITY-DANA, 2003. - 415 p.

2. Methodological and theoretical problems in psychology / B.F. Lomov. - M.: Nauka, 1984. - 253 p.

3. Fundamentals of psychology / Stolyarenko L.D. - Rostov-on-Don: Phoenix, 1997. - P. 634-635.

4. Fundamentals of imageology and business communication: tutorial for university students / A.S. Kovalchuk. - Ed. 5th, add. and processed Rostov n/d: Phoenix, 2007. - 282 p. - (Higher education).

5. Fundamentals of business communication: textbook / L.G. Pavlova / ed. L.A. Vedenskaya. - Ed. 2nd. Rostov n/d: Phoenix, 2009. - 311 p. - (Higher education).

6. Language of business communication: easy and competent / A.A. Indzhiev. - Rostov n/d.: Phoenix, 2007. - 248 p. - (No problem).

7. Psychology of business communication: Textbook / Borozdia G.V. - 2nd ed. - M.: INFRA-M, 2008. - 295 p. - (Higher education).

8. Fundamentals of socio-psychological theory / Parygin B.D. - M.: Nauka, 1987. - P. 178.

9. Culture of business communication: Textbook. / Braim I.N. - Mn.: IP “Ecoperspective”, 2000. - 174 p.

10. Civil service: culture of behavior and business etiquette. - M.: RAGS, 1998. - P. 160.

Business communication is the basis for the successful development of not only the enterprise as a whole, but also the individual. This important view relationships between people, supported by norms and rules.

Communication is divided into:

communicative, implying the exchange of information;
interactive, consisting in interaction between participants;
perceptual, meaning the establishment of a relationship between partners.

All three types are based on a system of ethical values, where the most important criteria are evil, good, good, justice, duty, responsibility, etc. Business relationship should lead to harmonization and coordination of interests.

The tasks of business communication ethics are to formulate principles of communication that would be aimed not only at full-fledged and non-conflict interaction between the parties, but also would not contradict the moral behavior of people. The goal is subordinate to a specific production, scientific or commercial task. A the main task of business communication consists of productive cooperation and improving relations with partners, interaction with which is determined by the exchange of information and is of an informational or disciplinary nature, aimed at achieving a joint result.

Such Team work implies adherence to common goals, motives, relationships between participants in the labor process, as well as the distribution of individual functions between them. The basic rule of communication is: “Treat others the way you would like to be treated.” Interaction imposes some specific requirements on participants:

Compliance with social and legal norms, instructions, internal regulations, etc.
Compliance with the ethics of business communication in accordance with job roles, rights and responsibilities.
Contact between participants, regardless of likes and dislikes. Same measurements for all employees.
Written recording of decisions, instructions, orders and their execution to increase the efficiency of interaction.
Encouragement and motivation in achieving the final result without allowing conflict, both intrapersonal and interpersonal.
The compatibility of the team for joint activities also allows us to solve a wide range of problems.
Criticism of actions, not of people.
The principle works well - greater rewards for greater merit.

The ability and ability to find the right relationship is the art of business communication, which every enterprise that values its reputation strives for. The values of ethical behavior are declining today, which is reflected in the behavior of firms and managers who, violating ethical standards, offer or extort bribes, gifts and other illegal payments. According to statistics, our country lost about 70% of profitable deals due to cultural blindness in the business world, therefore the goals and objectives of business communication also manifest themselves in improving the culture of modern society.

Goals of business communication

In other words, the purpose of business communication can be called the organization and optimization of a certain type of joint activity.

However, in addition to the general goal, it is also possible to highlight personal goals, which are realized to one degree or another by the direct participants in the communication:

the desire for personal safety in the process of social activity, in the course of fulfilling one’s professional duties, which often manifests itself in avoiding the responsibility assigned to the employee;

the desire to improve one’s standard of living and improve one’s financial situation;

the desire for power, that is, the desire to expand the range of available powers, to move only up the career ladder, to get rid of the burden of hierarchical control;

the desire to increase one’s prestige, which is often combined with the desire to strengthen the prestige of the position held and the organization itself.

the principle of creating conditions for identifying the creative potential and professional knowledge of an individual, on the basis of which it is possible to reconcile the employee’s personal goals with the general goals of the organization;

the principle of authority and responsibility that regulates business communication within the framework of official rights and responsibilities in accordance with the official status of the employee, the assessment of his business qualities and the use of his direct qualifications and experience gained.

Business Communication Values

The behavior of participants in business communication should be imbued with purity and nobility. The development of business communication consists in the improvement of its subjects, in the superiority of their soul and heart, in inner beauty and a high degree of morality. In communication, it is important to use reasoning, correct and comprehensive commentary on information received from the press, radio, television and other sources, selection and generalization of the necessary facts and events, creation and formulation of one’s own information that interests the interlocutor. In business communication, a competition of minds, programs, projects, and provisions is realized.

Knowledge, its breadth and depth, horizons, and erudition provide flexibility and independent thinking. Business communication determines the organization of mental activity, forces its participants to reflect on a particular problem, form their views and relationships, and determine their place and purpose in production activities. The system of mutual influence encourages subjects of business communication to perform that set of interrelated actions, as a result of which goods and services necessary for society are produced. As a result, the mechanism of positive cooperation and coordination in the workforce is developing and improving.

In business communication, participants take those actions that, in their opinion, will bring them the greatest benefit (that is, benefit minus any possible costs or losses associated with these actions). Everyone acts following their personal interests, in accordance with the formulated rules, depending on the interaction in business communication. Highly developed people experience great satisfaction in helping others. Unfortunately, there are also those - probably not many of them - who get satisfaction from harming their employees. However, a developed personality is able to correctly predict the actions of complete strangers. This turns out to be useful in cases where you want to influence the behavior of other people.

If participation in the discussion and solution of production problems is formal, then it is not the social qualities of the manager’s personality that dominate, but the qualities of the subject-performer, i.e. the rational natural essence of man. In this case, the rules of business communication are only an external requirement, and not the internal essence of its subjects.

A characteristic feature of business communication is that the content and goals are aimed at solving production and social problems. However, business communication, like communication in general, is usually viewed as a complex and multifaceted process that can act at the same time as a process of interaction between individuals and as information process, and as the attitude of people towards each other, and as a process of interaction with each other, and as a process of empathy and mutual understanding of each other. Consequently, business communication includes the whole variety of communication functions: communicative, emotive, emotional, cognitive (cognitive), conative (learning), voluntary (influence), phatic (establishing contact between people). If there is no mutual understanding in business communication, then the communication cannot be considered successful. Business and personal communication are intertwined with each other and can transform into one another. Whatever forms of communication appear, it is business if its defining content is socially significant joint activity.

Both individuals and entire groups can act as subjects of communication. The content of business communication is determined by the needs for joint activities, which presuppose coordination of actions, understanding and acceptance by each participant of the goals, objectives and specifics of this activity, their role and their capabilities for its implementation.

Business communication in management activities allows the manager to analyze the relationships between people, forms of contacts and means of establishing them, methods of inclusion in the team, factors that determine the behavior of employees in joint activities. Thus, the manager gets the opportunity to objectively assess the state of the system’s functioning and, if necessary, take adequate management decision to transfer the system from one state to another, higher one. This is what it's all about the main point management activities.

Thus, the content of business communication is socially significant joint activity. At the same time, the interlocutor is faced with the task of not only exchanging business information, but also achieving its adequate understanding. In the process of business communication, communication barriers often arise, that is, psychological obstacles to the transfer and reception of information between communication partners. Communication barriers are divided into understanding barriers, socio-cultural differences barriers and attitude barriers.

The first type of barriers is usually associated with phonetic, semantic meaning. Socio-cultural barriers in business communication can be generated by ethnic differences in understanding the issues under discussion, differences in age, gender or professional orientation. Barriers to relationships are a purely psychological phenomenon; such obstacles to contact arise when a feeling of mistrust appears between interlocutors, which affects the level of acceptance of the information being discussed. The ability to communicate largely depends on the character and psychological properties of the individual. A sociable person easily makes contact, quickly organizes communication, and wins over his interlocutor.

The goals of business communication include:

- conclusion of a contract;
- problem solving;
- an agreement about something;
- changing the interlocutor’s point of view;
- correction of incorrect information;
- increase in income;
- growth of personal influence;
- career growth;
- acquisition of new information.

Business communication is a real process, a process of interconnection and mutual influence of people, problem solvers as a result of joint activities.

Joint activity is a set of group-wide tasks in which the community participates.

The variety of factors that ensure the productivity of business communication requires compliance with norms and rules business etiquette, knowledge and compliance with the psychological laws of communication.

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