What birds are called migratory? The most famous migratory birds. Wintering birds pictures for children
In the wild, there are two types of birds: migratory birds and migratory. The latter make seasonal migrations from one place to another due to environmental or food changes. Also, the reason for flights to warm or cold regions is a characteristic feature of reproduction. Moreover, if one part of the animals prefers areas with high air temperatures, the other remains in cold regions and does not feel any discomfort from this way of life.
All representatives of migratory birds They are considered very hardy and mobile creatures that are capable of flying thousands of kilometers, independently finding a course to warm countries, and also returning home without outside help.
Today we'll talk about the main species of migratory birds, their external characteristics, life cycle and interesting features.
Famous migratory birds
The class of migratory birds includes only those species that migrate to warm regions with the arrival of winter cold weather. This is explained by the fact that they are warm-blooded, and their average body temperature is 41 degrees Celsius, regardless of external temperature indicators. Due to this the bird can tolerate the cold, but it becomes very difficult to obtain food to restore normal internal temperature on the frozen ground cover, which is why it flies to a more comfortable area. It is for this reason that birds say goodbye to their homeland and fly thousands of kilometers to foreign countries with a satisfactory climate.
Among the most famous species of migratory birds are:
- swallow;
- lapwing;
- song thrush;
- lark;
- robin;
- oriole;
- forest pipit, etc.
In addition to the group discussed above, sedentary ones are also found in our regions. Its representatives remain for the winter in their native lands, and the main reasons for possible migrations are related to the lack of food supply or breeding characteristics.
When do birds make their seasonal migrations?
It is important to pay attention to the fact that birds fly away to warmer regions gradually. First of all, those species that feed on insects and are distinguished by excellent singing abilities leave their native land. After doing a lot of research and ornithological expeditions were able to determine an interesting pattern: the migratory season is opened by such birds as:
- swift;
- martin.
After them, wild waterfowl, including swans, leave their native lands. This is not strange, because with the advent of frost, water bodies are densely covered with an ice curtain, and the natural habitat of such animals is significantly reduced. When September comes, cranes and then rooks prepare for migration.
Seasonal migration is closed to warm regions geese and ducks. The latter fly away later than everyone else. In addition, there were cases when this waterfowl did not leave its home and remained to winter in the reservoir. True, this happened very rarely, when in winter the reservoirs remained open and did not freeze. For this reason, people began to say that ducks carry the frosty winter and blizzard on their tails.
Nomadic and migratory birds - what are the differences?
Representatives of the migratory group will leave their home area regardless of environmental circumstances. At the gene level They have an instinct of self-preservation, which implies a seasonal change of home. Whatever one may say, you can’t disturb nature.
Migratory birds include:
- capercaillie;
- pika;
- woodpecker;
- hazel grouse;
- crossbill;
- jay;
- titmouse, etc.
To avoid migratory individuals, nomads leave their natural place of residence only after independently assessing the situation. Before making a decision they study weather conditions and food supply. If winter does not foretell severe frosts, siskins, pike-perch and bullfinches do not refuse the opportunity to spend the winter at home. But if birds feel the approach of severe cold weather, they will leave their homeland without hesitation and move to warm countries.
The rapid development of ornithology and science in general has made it possible to identify a lot amazing facts about the flights of birds. Now we know how birds can navigate in the air and form flocks of thousands for such long journeys.
The absolute navigation of the above-mentioned creatures is ensured by the magnetic field of our earth. Eg, starling finds its way from the southern regions to the north only due to the innate understanding of the direction of the north magnetic pole. In addition, he quickly determines his current geolocation and creates a route to return.
When forming a large flock, birds are guided by the dynamics of its light and dark elements. Birds maintain a certain level of density, which allows them to accurately collect the necessary information from their relatives through various gestures and actions.
The most famous migratory bird is the rook
Among the many greatness of migratory birds The rook is considered very popular. Many people still call it the “harbinger of winter,” because the bird leaves its native area only at the end of autumn (usually at the end of October or mid-November). The bird returns home in the first days of March, depending on the climatic characteristics of the region where it lives.
Ornithologists highlight one unique ability of this bird - it can imitate human speech no worse than the famous parrots. An adult bird grows up to 45 centimeters with a weight from 310 to 490 grams. Externally, the rook is not much different from the crow, and the main characteristic features are the pronounced slenderness and surface of the feathers, colored black with a purple tint.
The rook has a thin but very straight beak. With its help, the animal obtains food from the most inaccessible sources, for example, from underground. The bird is unbiased in its choice of food. The diet may also contain earthworms, and rodents, and plant food.
The rook plays a very important role for flora and fauna, since they eat a wide variety of forest pests , among which:
- bedbugs;
- caterpillars;
- rodents, etc.
Martin
Another very famous migratory bird is the swallow. In the absence of facts and scientific evidence, probably no one would have believed that such a fragile and tiny bird could fly thousands of kilometers from its home. But the bird actually makes seasonal migrations twice a year. True, during such a procedure, many individuals from the flock die and do not reach the indicated place. Cases of mass extinction of an entire flock due to weather changes cannot be ruled out.
The external features of the swallow look impeccable. The bird has elongated wings and a clear cut tail. She practically doesn't walk on the ground and spends a significant portion of its life in flight. It is important to note that even sleep and mating occur in the air.
There are about 120 species of swallow in the wild. Due to their unpretentiousness to living conditions, swallows can live almost anywhere. Today they are absent only in Antarctica and Australia. As bird food They use only insects that they pull out of the ground or look for in the bark of trees.
Nightingale
Even a child knows about this amazing creature. He is popularly known for his magnificent singing abilities and amazing appearance.
Over the years ornithologists did not know why the nightingale makes such beautiful sounds and sings most of its life. As a result of long research, it was possible to determine that when singing, the bird does not pay attention to the dangers that surround it. She humbly lowers her wings and continues to receive incredible pleasure from her favorite activity. It would be great if people treated art the same way.
With the arrival of winter cold weather, the nightingale moves to North Africa, but returns home in mid-April. Already during this period one can hear the first delightful songs of this tiny creature. As soon as insects are born, the bird’s life takes on new vigor.
Is regular seasonal migratory birds, often north and south along the flyway, between breeding and wintering grounds. Many bird species are migratory birds. Migration incurs high costs due to predation and mortality, including from human hunting, and depends mainly on the availability of food. This occurs mainly in the northern hemisphere, where specific routes encounter natural obstacles such as the Mediterranean Sea or the Caribbean Sea.
Historically, migratory birds were noted as early as 3,000 years ago, by ancient Greek authors including Homer and Aristotle, and in the Book of Job, for species such as turtle doves and swallows. More recently, Johanson Leche began recording the dates of migration of spring migrants to Finland in 1749, and Scientific research used methods including bird banding. Threats migratory birds have grown with habitat destruction, especially stopovers and wintering areas, and from structures such as power lines and wind farms.
The Arctic Tern holds the record for long-distance migration among migratory birds traveling between the Arctic and Antarctic every year. Some species of tubenoses (Procellariiformes) such as albatross circle the earth while flying over the Southern Ocean, while others such as the little petrel migrate 14,000 km (8,700 mi) between their northern breeding ground and the southern ocean. Shorter flights are common, including high-altitude flights to mountains such as the Andes and Himalayas.
The timing of bird migration appears to be primarily controlled by changes in daylength. Migratory birds For navigation they use celestial signals from the Sun and stars, the Earth's magnetic field, and probably also mental maps.
Historical observations of migratory birds:
Posts about migratory birds were made in the same way, 3000 years BC, by the ancient Greek writers Hesiod, Homer, Herodotus and Aristotle. The Bible also notes migrations, as in the book of Job, which asks, “Is this your understanding of the hawk soaring, spreading its wings to the south?” The author of Jeremiah wrote: “Even the stork in the sky knows its seasons, and the turtledove and the crane observe the time of their arrival.”
Aristotle noted that cranes traveled from the steppes of Scythia to the swamps of the upper Nile. Pliny the Elder, in his Historia Naturalis, repeats Aristotle's remarks.
Migratory birds list:
(Motacilla alba) - migrant detachment, not large in size, easily adapts to life in urban conditions, feeds on small insects.
(Turdus iliacus) - migrant order passeriformes, small birds with a very large population.
(Riparia riparia) - migrant, swallow family. It has a wide range of habitats, which covers almost all of Europe, the Mediterranean, Asia, and North America. Winters in Eastern and Southern Africa, South America and the Indian subcontinent.
— migrant order Passeriformes. It breeds in temperate zones of Europe and Western Asia and winters mainly in Southeast Africa. It should be noted the striking imitation of the voices of a wide variety of other birds.
— migrant class Charadriiformes, snipe family, genus Woodcock. They have camouflage, a natural camouflage that matches their forest habitat, with reddish-brown upperparts and lighter underparts.
— migrant order Passeriformes, which was previously classified as a member of the thrush family, but is now considered more commonly believed to be the Flycatchers.
— migrant- squad. This species predominantly breeds in temperate regions of Europe and Asia. Most populations winter in tropical Africa and South Asia from Iran to the Indian subcontinent, but some are found in northwestern Africa. It is a bird of open countryside, forests and orchards.
- migrant, family Charadriiformes, genus plovers. Living on the banks of rivers and lakes. It is a small bird that breeds in Arctic Eurasia. Adults measure 17-19.5 cm in length with a wingspan of 35-41 s.
— migrant, swallow family, passerine order, especially common in Europe, North Africa and temperate latitudes of Asia. The barn swallow also migrates in winter to sub-Saharan Africa and tropical Asia.
(Hirundo rustica) - migrant, is the most common species of swallow in the world. These swallows have blue upperparts, a long, deeply forked tail, and curved, pointed wings. They are found in Europe, Asia, Africa and America.
(Turdus viscivorus) - migrant, common to many countries in Europe, Asia and North Africa. It is a year-round resident in many areas, but northern and eastern individuals migrate south in winter, often in small flocks.
Robin
Green Warbler
Finch
Badger Warbler
Reed Bunting
Buzzard
Klintukh
Landrail
Wren
Wood Accentor
forest pipit
Meadow mint
Coot
Little flycatcher
Pied Flycatcher
Common redstart
Common Shrike
Common oriole
Common nightjar
Common cuckoo
Common Nightingale
Common lentils
black-headed gull
song thrush
Warbler
Warbler rattle
Quail
Harrier
Kestrel
skylark
Chiffchaff
common tern
Fieldfare
Garden warbler
garden warbler
Gray flycatcher
Gray Warbler
gray heron
Whitethroat
Warbler
Hobby
Black swift
Chernysh
Blackbird
Lapwing
CHILDREN SHOULD KNOW THE NOUNS: rook, starling, swallow, swift, cuckoo, crane, geese, swans, lark, thrush, nest, birdhouse, male, female, chicks, eggs, singer, insects, larvae, plumage, flock, countries, legs , neck, wing, eyes, tail, beak, head, stork, heron.
VERBS: fly, fly away, arrive, return, build, clean, set aside, curl, hatch, hatch, feed, grow up, get stronger, squeak, sing, curl, leave, say goodbye, gather, eat, peck, destroy, curl, nip, glue, blind.
ADJECTIVES: big, small, singing, black, warm (edges), white, striped, caring, busy, spring, strangers, fluffy, ringing, field, distant, beautiful, long-legged, waterfowl, agile, vociferous.
LET'S TELL ABOUT BIRDS.
Migratory birds are birds that fly from us in the fall to warmer regions.
These birds are insectivores (eat insects) and feed on insects.
In the fall, insects hide, the birds have nothing to eat, so they fly away.
Ducks, geese and swans fly away in a line - a string.
Swallows and starlings fly away in a flock.
Cranes fly away in a wedge - an angle.
And the cuckoos fly away one by one.
In spring, migratory birds return to us.
Birds have a head with a beak, a body with two wings, two legs with claws, a tail and plumage.
CHILDREN SHOULD BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY EXCESS AND EXPLAIN: WHY?
Magpie, crow, tit, swallow (swallow is a migratory bird, the rest are wintering).
Lark, sparrow, rook, starling.
Crow, duck, dove, sparrow.
Rook, tit, swallow, cuckoo.
Magpie, sparrow, woodpecker, swift.
Dove, swan, heron, crane.
Beetle, butterfly, chick, mosquito
(the chick is a bird, the rest are insects).
TO NAME CHICKS CORRECTLY:
Cranes are baby cranes.
Rooks - rooks.
Geese are goslings.
Starlings are starlings.
Ducks - ... .
Cuckoos - ... .
Swifts - ... .
CORRECTLY ANSWER THE QUESTIONS: WHOSE? WHOSE? WHOSE? WHOSE?
Whose beak?
The crane has a crane-like appearance.
The goose has goose.
The duck has... .
The cuckoo has... .
The rook has... .
ONE IS MANY.
Cuckoo - cuckoos.
Crane - cranes.
Starling - starlings.
Nightingale - nightingales.
Lark - larks.
Swan - swans.
Rook - rooks.
Duck - ducks.
Swallow - swallows.
Rook - rooks.
Stork - storks.
Gosling - goslings.
WHO HAS A VOICE:
The cuckoo is cuckooing.
The swallow is chirping.
The starling sings.
The crane is chirping.
The duck quacks.
The goose cackles.
DESCRIBE AND COMPARE BIRDS ACCORDING TO PLAN:
Wintering or migratory bird?
Why are they called that?
Appearance (tail, head, wings, body, beak, feathers, colors...)
What does it eat?
Where it lives - a hollow, a birdhouse, a nest...
COMPILATION OF A DESCRIPTIVE STORY.
The rook is a black bird with a white beak. The rook has a head, body, wings, tail, and paws. The bird's entire body is covered with feathers. In the spring, rooks fly from warm countries, build nests and hatch chicks - rooks. Rooks feed on insects, worms and plant seeds. In the fall, when it gets cold, rooks gather in flocks and fly away to warm countries until spring. Rooks help humans; they destroy insects and caterpillars - pests of fields and vegetable gardens.
The grass is green, the sun is shining,
A swallow flies towards us with spring in the canopy.
With her the sun is more beautiful and spring is sweeter...
Shout out hello to us from the road quickly.
I'll give you grains, and you sing a song,
What she brought with her from distant countries.
(A. Pleshcheev)
SAY A WORD.
There is a palace on the pole, in the palace there is a singer, and his name is ... (starling).
CALL IT AFTERLY:
Nightingale - nightingale.
Crane - crane.
Swan - swan... .
WHO has WHO?
The cuckoo has a little cuckoo, cuckoo.
The crane has a baby crane, crane babies.
The starling has a little starling, starlings.
The swan has a baby, swans.
The rook has a rook, rooks.
The duck has a duckling, ducklings.
The stork has a baby stork, baby storks.
The goose has a gosling, goslings.
END THE SENTENCE WITH "LONG-LEGGED CRANE":
In the field I saw... (a long-legged crane). I watched for a long time... (long-legged crane). I really liked this beautiful and slender... (long-legged crane). I wanted to approach... (long-legged crane). But he got scared and flew away. He flew beautifully, spreading his wings and circling in the sky... (long-legged crane). I told my mother about... (long-legged crane). Mom said that you shouldn’t come up and scare... (the long-legged crane). I promised my mother not to approach... (the long-legged crane) anymore. Now I will only watch from afar... (long-legged crane).
CHOOSE THE PREPOSITION RIGHT BY MEANING (FROM, IN, TO, OVER, ON, ON):
The rook flew out... the nest. The rook has arrived... the nest. The rook flew up... to the nest. The rook is circling... with his nest. The rook sat down... on a branch. The rook walks... in the arable land.
WE IMPROVE THE ABILITY TO RELL.
RETELL THE STORY BY QUESTIONS:
The rooks have arrived.
The rooks arrive first. There is still snow all around, but they are already here. The rooks will rest and begin to build nests. Rooks build nests on the top of a tall tree. Rooks hatch their chicks earlier than other birds.
Which birds arrive first in spring?
What do the rooks immediately begin to do?
Where do they build their nests?
When do they hatch their chicks?
Harbingers of spring.
The cold winter has passed. Spring is coming. The sun is rising higher. It heats up more. The rooks have arrived. The children saw them and shouted: “The rooks have arrived! The Rooks Have Arrived!"
What was the winter like?
What comes after winter?
How does the sun warm in spring?
Who arrived?
Who did the children see?
What did they shout?
RELL THE STORY IN THE FIRST PERSON:
Sasha decided to make a birdhouse. He took boards, a saw, and sawed the planks. From them he put together a birdhouse. The birdhouse was hung on a tree. May the starlings have a good home.
COMPLETE THE SENTENCE:
There is a nest in the tree, and in the trees... (nests).
There are branches on the branch, and on the branches... .
There is a chick in the nest, and in the nests - ... .
There is a tree in the yard, and in the forest there is... .
GUESS THE RIDDLES:
Without hands, without an ax
A hut has been built.
(Nest.)
He appeared in a yellow fur coat,
Goodbye, two shells.
(Chick.)
There's a palace on a pole,
There's a singer in the yard,
And his name is...
(Starling.)
White-billed, black-eyed,
He walks importantly behind the plow,
Finds worms and beetles.
A faithful watchman, a friend of the fields.
The first harbinger of warm days.
(Rook.)
READ THE POEMS ABOUT BIRDS, LEARN ONE OF THEM BY MORE.
Starlings.
We even got up at night
Looking out the window into the garden:
Well when, oh when
Will our guests arrive?
And today we looked -
A starling sits on an alder tree.
They arrived, they arrived,
We've finally arrived!
Iraida Ivanova
Conversation with children and wintering and migratory birds
Conversation with children about wintering and migratory birds.
Children's age: 4-7 years
Prepared: Ivanova Iraida Ernestovna,
kindergarten teacher « Kindergarten No. 79 combined type", Saransk
Description of material: I present to your attention a conversation about wintering and migratory birds for middle school children, eldest and preparatory group (4 -7 years). This conversation may be useful for both educators and parents. Let's get together with children Let's discover the natural world and help the child see unity of man and environment. This conversation helps to consolidate preschoolers’ knowledge about groups birds.
Goals:
Expand and systematize knowledge about wintering and migratory birds;
Form a generalized idea of wintering and migratory birds,learn to distinguish them based on essential characteristics: ability to satisfy food needs;
Deepen your understanding of the reasons for departure birds(disappearance of main food, freezing of water bodies and land);
Classify wintering and migratory birds based on establishing a connection between the nature of food and the possibility of obtaining it;
Enrich vocabulary;
Develop speech and logical thinking
Cultivate a kind attitude towards all living things in nature.
Demo material: pictures with images birds, bird's nests.
Methodical techniques: game situation, conversation-dialogue, looking at pictures of birds and conversation about them, reading and analyzing fairy tales, summing up.
Progress of the conversation:
Educator:
Guys! Did you know that everyone birds who live in our area, can be divided into two groups: wintering and migratory birds?
Wintering birds: sparrow, crow, magpie, jackdaw, tit, woodpecker, owl, nuthatch, jay. They do not fly to warm countries in the fall, as they have adapted to the harsh season and can find food for themselves even in severe frost.
Birds find it difficult to feed, because they have a huge appetite, and there is not enough food, especially in winter. Therefore many birds do this: Having found food, they immediately inform the others about it - they call them by shouting. Helping each other birds live until spring. In addition, some of birds, for example, tits, jays and nuthatch, make reserves in the fall. This is how writer A.A. describes it. Pleshakov: “...the nuthatch stores on winter food! And acorns, and nuts, and maple lionfish - everything is stuffed into cracks, niches and crevices on the trunks. He works hard all autumn, until December. In some of his storerooms, scientists found up to two kilograms of seeds.
Guys, do you know which birds Do chicks appear in winter?
Well, of course, it's a crossbill! Look at the picture of this birds.
This extraordinary bird is not only winters in our forests, but even in the bitterest frosts it hatches chicks. Crossbills feed on the seeds of coniferous trees and their chicks are also fed these seeds. If the pine cone harvest is good, winter forest they have enough food.
A migratory birds with the onset of autumn cold, they gather in flocks and prepare to fly south. Typically these birds eat insects, which, with the arrival of cold weather, climb into the cracks of tree bark, burrow into dry leaves, and hide under old rotten snags. Food becomes scarce and insectivores birds fly away to warm regions, and in the spring they return to their native lands. Small birds fly in unnoticed. But the big ones, although they often fly at night, make loud sounds. This is the leader t signal: Don't lag behind. Follow me. Males migratory birds They arrive from the south earlier than the females. And they immediately begin to take care of housing for the future family.
Guys, what Do you know migratory birds??
That's right, starlings, geese, nightingales, cuckoos, as well as waglips, swallows, finches, warblers, larks, swans. All this migratory birds.
A ringing, cheerful choir is heard in the spring forests bird voices. Birds They carry twigs, dry blades of grass, pieces of moss in their beaks, make nests, cover them with down and feathers.
And then eggs appear in bird houses. Birds hatch them, warming with its warmth, and then helpless fledgling chicks will hatch from the eggs.
The voracious chicks open their bright yellow mouths wide, waiting for their caring parents to treat them to a midge, mosquito or caterpillar. Caring parents fly through forests and meadows, getting food for their children, thereby destroying many harmful insects. This is how they save the forest and crops in the fields, gardens, parks, squares.
The chicks are growing quickly. And soon birdlife opens up in secluded forest corners. "schools". There are adults in them birds They will teach their children to look for food, escape from enemies, and give different signals.
And if on these beautiful days you come to the forest, then try not to run or make noise. Imagine that you are in a house where very small children sleep in cribs. Do not look into bird nests, do not touch eggs and chicks with your hands. You may scare adults birds, then they will abandon their home, and no chicks will appear in the nest.
Now, listen to the poem.
I found a forest nest
Little motley bird,
Made in early spring,
There were eggs in the nest.
How scared she was
The bird pretended to be sick
The wing dragged, tossed
In the thick grass in front of me.
It was given right into my hands,
She took me away from the nest.
And how much flour there was in it,
And how much strength she had!
Here's another rule to remember! In spring and early summer, it is better not to take your dog for a walk in the forest or park. Chicks sometimes fall out of the nest, and the dog can damage the baby's wings or paws.
Educator:
Now guys, let's take a rest and have some physical education. "Bear".
The bear crawled out of the den,
I looked around on the threshold, (turns left and right)
He stretched out of sleep: (stretching hands up)
Spring has come to us again!
To quickly gain strength,
The bear's head was twisting (head rotation)
Leaned back forward(slopes back and forth)
Here he is walking through the forest (walking waddle)
The bear is looking for roots, (slopes forward)
And rotten stumps. (tilts in different directions)
They contain edible larvae -
For the bear - vitamins.
Finally the bear has eaten (pat yourself on the stomach)
And sat down on a log (sit down)
After the end of physical education, the children sit down.
Educator:
Have you rested? Now let's talk about birds' nests. What different nests are built? birds!
Thus, a woodpecker hollows out a deep hollow in a tree with its large strong beak; wagtails make nests from twigs and blades of grass in bushes, not far from a river or stream. The magpie's nest is large and comfortable. Swallows make nests from clay. Starlings live in wooden birdhouses made by people. Cranes and ducks make their nests on the ground, in reed thickets. But the cuckoo does not build nests at all, but places its eggs in the nests of others birds.
Birds are our friends! They not only decorate nature, but also help preserve crops in fields and gardens, save forests from pests, and spread plant seeds. Friends need to be protected. Guys, help birds survive the winter. Arrange feeders for them, pour pumpkin, watermelon, sunflower seeds into them, hang pieces of unsalted lard on tree branches. Remember that you are hungry bird It can also die from light frost. But if you are well-fed, you won’t be afraid of the cold!
Questions
1. What two groups are they divided into? birds?
2. Which you know wintering birds?
3. Why migratory birds Do they fly south in the fall?
4. And when migratory birds are they returning to our region?
5. What kind of nests are built? birds?
6. Why do you think? birds called friends of the forest and people?
7. How you can help birds in winter?
Woodpecker hollow
Wagtail nest
Magpie nest
Swallow's nest
Birdhouse
Crane nest
How do wintering birds differ from migratory birds? Beautiful pictures birds, simple stories about each bird and questions for a quiz on the topic “Birds”. The further the progress of science and technology goes, the more disconnected from the surrounding nature our children grow up.
Sometimes they cannot say the names of plants and birds that are often found within the city, let alone the inhabitants of the wild forest, especially the winter forest, which children are even less likely to visit than the summer forest. Therefore, it will be useful for every child to conduct a lesson on birds in winter.
Thematic lesson for children “wintering and migratory birds”
A thematic lesson is structured very simply if wintering and migratory birds depicted in photographs or drawings are used - pictures with names are simply necessary for children, otherwise they will not be able to form stable visual images and remember information that is new to them. Visual perception is usually well developed already in preschool age, so you can start studying this material with preschool children.
A lesson on the topic of wintering birds traditionally begins with a simple question - why does it become difficult for birds to live in cold regions in winter? This is how we voice the main problem of the lesson and look for its solution.
Typically, children offer answer options indicating uncomfortable living conditions in winter: cold, fear of freezing. This theory is refuted by the fact that the birds have well-developed plumage, which means they are not afraid of the cold. (Let's remember goose or swan down, which is used to stuff down jackets - warm winter clothes that people wear with pleasure in any frost).
We gradually lead the child to think about what other needs each representative of the animal kingdom has, including birds. We come to the key need of a living organism - nutrients, and remember what is usually included in the diet of birds: insects, berries and other fruits.
Riddles about birds:
To better remember the information received, invite your child to play a kind of quiz - you ask riddle questions, and he names the bird and finds its image among the photographs. Questions could go something like this:
- A fisherman bird, a lover of small fish (kingfisher).
- He sits on a hill, guarding his prey. As soon as the fly appeared, it immediately appeared in the beak (flycatcher).
- It flies over the fields, over the meadows in the sky, singing a melodious song loudly (lark).
- This bird is not too lazy to look for bugs in the tree all day (woodpecker).
- It will crawl up and down the trunk until it finds food for itself (nuthatch).
- At night, a clever little warbler sings and imitates birds.
- In winter, it is clearly visible: you can’t hide its bright red color (bullfinch) in the snow.
- Bird of peace and goodness, inhabitant of the city (dove).
- This little gourmet loves large insects: he turns a bush of a thorny plant into a restaurant (shrike).
- In winter, he goes on a tour through the fir trees, larches, and pines (schur).
- This nimble daredevil (starling) will find all the worms on the arable land.
- In winter, wherever rowan berries are preserved, you can hear its trill (waxwing).
- A girl lives in a hollow - a bright bird (tit).
- He builds a house under the eaves and lives happily in it (swallow).
- A small, nimble robin gallops across the clearing in search of food.
- He will find food anywhere, and if necessary, he will steal it (crow).
- Small and timid, lives near people (sparrow).
Such simple questions with hints help children learn basic information.
Migratory birds pictures for children
In winter, all insects hide from the cold - therefore, birds that feed exclusively on this type of food have to fly to warmer climes. This group includes (we show pictures and study birds that migrate from one climate zone to another):
- The flycatcher is an inconspicuous-looking, but very agile bird. It catches its prey on the fly, stalking it from an open hill or other elevated area.
- The garden warbler is a vocal bird that loves to organize night concerts, imitating the voices of other birds. It feeds exclusively on insects.
- The starling is a well-known inhabitant of the children's numerous spring new buildings - birdhouses. It tries to settle close to humans, as it loves to eat fruits, grains and worms thrown to the surface of the earth during plowing. Sings well and can imitate the voices of other birds.
- Swallow - previously lived in rocky areas, but has adapted well to life in the city. It is one of the dexterous hunters, capturing prey - insects - right in the air. Distinctive feature Swallows use their ability to build unique nests under the roof of a building. These nests are formed from lumps of earth, which are glued together by the bird's sticky saliva. Soft bedding is placed inside - grass, wool. A pair of swallows can return to one nest for several years in a row, repairing it if necessary.
- The Robin is a bright bird that prefers to live on the surface of the ground, in thickets of grass or low bushes. It moves by jumping, looking for worms, snails and other insects. Considered one of the most vocal singers.
- The Shrike is a quiet bird that loves to feast on large insects. To make the prey easier to eat, she impales it on plant thorns or barbed wire, and then plucks off small pieces.
- The lark is one of the loudest representatives of birds, living in open areas. Its color helps it camouflage itself from predators by blending into the general background of the grass and soil. Unlike other migratory birds, it feeds on the seeds of grass and cereals (wheat, rye, buckwheat, millet), which in winter cannot be obtained from under the snow cover.
- The kingfisher is a small bird that lives near bodies of water. A fisherman by nature, he feeds on small fish, frogs, freshwater shrimp and aquatic insects (he can eat about a dozen small fish a day). Forced to fly away in winter because water bodies freeze over at this time.
Wintering birds pictures for children
But birds, whose diet is more varied and unpretentious, can constantly live in the same place. These include:
- The woodpecker is a famous forest pest fighter. By extracting larvae and harmful insects from under the bark of trees, he thereby builds houses (hollows) for other birds and small animals - tits, flycatchers, squirrels. It feels great in the winter forest because insects go into torpor and it becomes easier to get them out.
- The bullfinch is a handsome red-breasted animal, an inhabitant of forests, gardens and parks. In winter, its bright color makes it more noticeable, so there is a misconception that bullfinches arrive in our region only with the onset of cold weather. It feeds on seeds, buds and some insects. Of berries such as rowan and viburnum, only the seeds are eaten away, leaving the pulp.
- Shchur is a close relative of the bullfinch, a singer by nature. It loves the seeds of coniferous trees, so in winter, uniting in flocks, the gar travel through coniferous forests, collecting crops.
- The sparrow is one of our most well-known neighbors; it feeds on any plant food that it can find near human habitation: cereals, berries, tree buds and food waste. In winter, it needs human help.
- The tit is a forest nurse who helps trees get rid of insect pests. In summer it feeds exclusively on insects, but in winter it willingly eats sunflower seeds, meat and dairy products discarded by humans.
