Analyze Tatyana's letter to Onegin. Analysis of Pushkin’s poem “Tatyana’s Letter to Onegin.” The image of a highly intelligent girl

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Since ancient times in Russian literature it was considered unworthy,
if the girl was the first to reveal her feelings to the young man,
she was condemned if she decided to write a letter to a man.
The heroine of Pushkin's novel Tatyana Larina writes a letter to Evgeniy
Onegin, declaring his love. Letter from an artistic hero
works reveal his inner world, testify to
the utmost frankness of his thoughts and feelings.

Let's read aloud "Tatiana's Letter to Onegin."

I am writing to you - what more?
What more can I say?
Now I know it's in your will
Punish me with contempt.
But you, to my unfortunate fate
Keeping at least a drop of pity,
You won't leave me.
At first I wanted to remain silent;
Believe me: my shame
You would never know
If only I had hope
At least rarely, at least once a week
To see you in our village,
Just to hear your speeches,
Say your word, and then
Think about everything, think about one thing
And day and night until we meet again.
But, they say, you are unsociable;

In the wilderness, in the village, everything is boring for you,

And we... we don’t shine with anything,
Even if you are welcome and innocently welcome.

Why did you visit us?
In the wilderness of a forgotten village
I would never have known you
I wouldn't know bitter torment.
Souls of inexperienced excitement
Having come to terms with time (who knows?),
I would find a friend after my heart,
If only I had a faithful wife
And a virtuous mother.

Another!.. No, no one in the world
I wouldn't give my heart!
It is destined in the highest council...
That is the will of heaven: I am yours;
My whole life was a pledge
The faithful's meeting with you;
I know you were sent to me by God,
Until the grave you are my keeper...
You appeared in my dreams,
Invisible, you were already dear to me,
Your wonderful gaze tormented me,
Your voice was heard in my soul
A long time ago...no, it was not a dream!
You barely walked in, I instantly recognized
Everything was stupefied, on fire
And in my thoughts I said: here he is!
Isn't it true? I heard you:
You spoke to me in silence
When I helped the poor
Or she delighted me with prayer
The longing of a worried soul?
And at this very moment
Isn't it you, sweet vision,
Flashed in the transparent darkness,
Penetrated quietly to the headboard?
Isn’t it you, with joy and love,
Did you whisper words of hope to me?
Who are you, my guardian angel,
Or the insidious tempter:
Resolve my doubts.

Maybe it's all empty
Deception of an inexperienced soul!
And something completely different is destined...
But so be it! my destiny
From now on I give you
I shed tears before you,
I beg your protection...
Imagine: I'm here alone,
Nobody understands me
My mind is exhausted
And I must die in silence.
I'm waiting for you: with one glance
Revive the hopes of your heart
Or break the heavy dream,
Alas, deserved reproach!

I'm cumming! It's scary to read...
I freeze with shame and fear...
But your honor is my guarantee,
And I boldly entrust myself to her...

Tatiana's letter and Onegin's letter - a brief comparative analysis. It would seem that what is wrong with this - the heroes of the novel write letters to each other? It seems to be a common thing. But this is only at first glance. These letters, standing out sharply from the general text of Pushkin's novel in verse "Eugene Onegin", give some character traits of the heroes, and even the author himself gradually highlights these two letters: the attentive reader will immediately notice that there is no longer a strictly organized "Onegin stanza", here - complete freedom of Pushkin's verse. Tatiana's letter to Onegin... It was written by a young district lady (in French, as you know), probably overstepping enormous moral prohibitions, herself frightened by the unexpected strength of her feelings: I am writing to you - what more? What more can I say? Now, I know, it is in your will to punish Me with contempt... Already in these lines - all of Tatyana. Her pride, her concept of decency suffer from one thing - she has to be the first to confess her love to a man. And deep down, Tatyana was probably sure of reciprocity. She assumes that she could be happy with someone else, and in this assumption there is a share of coquetry so unusual for her; but immediately the swiftness of feelings in her takes over and spills out: Another!.. No, I wouldn’t give my heart to anyone in the world... A sharp, sudden transition to “you” is probably accidental, unconscious. Why?.. Tatiana here - and in subsequent lines - is extremely revealed, absolutely frank. She lays out everything completely, without hiding anything, honestly and directly. And we read the following lines, for example: Imagine: I’m here alone, Nobody understands me, My mind is exhausted, And I must die in silence. So this is what she was looking for in Onegin!.. Understanding... Onegin, with his worldly worthlessness, seemed to her, a young village girl, to be an extraordinary person - and therefore capable of understanding her. But Tatyana herself realizes the horror of her act, immoral in the eyes of the world (but not in her own!), and writes: I’m finishing! It’s scary to re-read... I freeze with shame and fear... But your honor is my guarantee, And I boldly entrust myself to her... What strength and simplicity in these words!.. And again - the transition to “you”... I came to my senses, caught myself , regretted her own bold sincerity (“it’s scary to reread”), but she didn’t correct a single word. Here she is - Tatyana Larina, the heroine of the novel. Onegin is not like that. By the way, we must not forget that Onegin at the beginning of the novel and at the end of it are different people. The letter is written by the “second Onegin”, who has changed during his wanderings and is again capable of love. Like Tatyana, he oversteps the unwritten laws of public morality (writes a love letter to a married lady!): I foresee everything: you will be offended by the sad secrets explained?, What bitter contempt your proud look will portray! mature person. Realizing that he could damage Tatyana’s reputation, Onegin in no way puts her at risk, does not ask for anything: No, to see you every minute, to follow you everywhere.” A smile of the lips, a movement of the eyes to catch with loving eyes - that’s all, oh he doesn’t dare to say anything more. Now this is a completely different person. The former Onegin - the same one who gave such a stern rebuke to Tatyana in the park - would not have been able to completely submit to such a feeling, would not have been able to love like that: And this one can: And sobbing. at your feet, Pour out prayers, confessions, penances, Everything, everything that I could express, And meanwhile with feigned coldness Arm both speech and nonsense... Onegin is not Tatyana. He cannot (and does not dare, and has no right. !) to express his love differently. He is forced to pretend. And in the end the hero admits himself defeated: But so be it: I can no longer resist myself; Everything is decided: I am in your will And I surrender to my fate. Note that here - almost verbatim repetition of Tatyana’s letter: “Everything is decided: I am in your will,” writes Onegin, and she: “Now, I know, in your will...” To be “in someone else’s will,” to depend on someone - both happiness and unhappiness at the same time. Pushkin loves his heroes, but does not feel sorry for them - they must go through a difficult and thorny path of moral improvement, and two letters, so close in meaning and so different in their expression, are stages of this difficult path.

The letters of Eugene Onegin and Tatiana stand out sharply from the general canvas of the work of the great Russian poet. Even Pushkin himself involuntarily drew attention to them - a thoughtful reader will notice that the strictly organized “Onegin stanza” is no longer used here, but the complete poetic freedom of the author is noticeable.

Frank confession of the heroine

In the analysis of Tatiana's letter to Onegin, it is worth pointing out that it is, first of all, an appeal from a young girl who, due to her feelings, is forced, by virtue of her feelings, to step over enormous moral obstacles. She herself was afraid of the unexpected strength of the surging feelings. Tatyana Larina had to be the first to confess her love.

What prompted her to take such a bold step, except for a strong feeling that arose in her soul and gave no rest? Tatyana, without even realizing it, was sure that Onegin would reciprocate her feelings in the future. Therefore, she was the first to decide to write a frank letter to her lover. Analyzing Tatyana's letter to Onegin, critic V. G. Belinsky believed that it reflected sincerity and simplicity, since in the poem openness coexists with truth.

Contrasting Tatiana with Onegin

Tatyana and Evgeny acutely feel alienated from the environment in which they are forced to live. Pushkin expresses this in the fact that in the “native family” she constantly felt like an alien, and in the blues from which Onegin suffers. And dissatisfaction with reality contributes to the fact that both heroes plunge headlong into the fictional world of books. Tatyana, reading sentimental novels, dreams of a bright and passionate life.

The main principles by which the novel “Eugene Onegin” is organized are symmetry and parallelism. Symmetry can be observed in the sequence of events: meeting - letter - explanation. It should be noted that Onegin and Tatyana change roles during the course of the work, and this corresponds not only to the external scheme, but also to the position of the narrator. In the first case, the poet is with Tatiana; in the second - with Onegin. The heroine's integrity is contrasted with her lover.

The heroine's expression of love in a letter

The verse “Tatiana's Letter to Onegin,” which the heroine writes to a dear friend, characterizes her as an ordinary girl of her time. She was brought up on sentimental novels. In them, the heroine defined her own ideal of a lover, which was later projected onto Onegin.

In the letter it is easy to see the sincerity of her motives, which are not covered up with false words. She addresses her lover with warmth and tenderness, calling him “a sweet vision.” The girl surrenders her life path to the power of her lover, as shown in an excerpt from Tatyana’s letter to Onegin:

“It is destined in the highest council...
That is the will of heaven: I am yours"

The image of a highly intelligent girl

Unlike the main character, the image of the girl is much spiritually higher. F. M. Dostoevsky, analyzing Tatiana's letter to Onegin, wrote that it was Tatiana who was worth becoming the main character of the work, because she is more developed spiritually and surpasses Onegin in intelligence.

It is also necessary to take into account that the letter is written in a foreign language. And this is an indicator of a high level of education, which was typical for nobles of those times. The verse “Tatiana's Letter to Onegin,” according to the plot, was written in French. Of course, in reality, no letter from the girl in French ever existed. Tatiana's letter was a "mythical translation".

Asking for protection from your feelings

Tatyana shows independence in her actions and judgments. Out of everyone, she chooses her hero, who could love her and eventually become the father of her children. The letter contains an interesting phrase:

“I shed tears before you,

I beg your protection."

From whom does the heroine ask to protect herself? Brodsky, who studied the work of A. S. Pushkin and analyzed Tatiana’s letter to Onegin, emphasizes: it is impossible to fully understand these lines if you do not pay attention to the letter of the heroine Julia from Rousseau’s work “The New Heloise”. Her words literally translate to: “You must protect me from myself.” However, we cannot limit ourselves to just the guess that the great Russian poet could have borrowed these words from Tatyana’s favorite work. She experiences fear of loneliness, her own feelings, and possible rash actions. And she commits one of them by sending this letter to Onegin.

Loneliness

The summary of Tatyana's letter to Onegin shows that neither the nanny nor her relatives can understand the melancholy that fills her heart. And for the character of the heroine, the possibility of such recognition is excluded - she can only tell about her feelings to someone who is equal to her in intelligence. If she loses Onegin, then she will have only one thing left - to die among already rejected admirers. But the heroine is ready to meekly accept both her lover’s refusal and his love. She writes without the light of a lamp. The state of mind takes the heroine into a world far from reality - this is the highest degree of abstraction. However, Tatyana writes with a firm hand - confessing her feelings is her personal choice.

/V.G. Belinsky. Works of Alexander Pushkin. Article nine. "Eugene Onegin" (end)/

Tatyana suddenly decides to write to Onegin: the impulse is naive and noble; but its source is not in consciousness, but in unconsciousness: the poor girl did not know what she was doing. Later, when she became a noble lady, the possibility of such naively magnanimous movements of the heart completely disappeared for her... Tatyana's letter drove all Russian readers crazy when the third chapter of Onegin appeared. We, along with everyone else, thought to see in him the highest example of the revelation of a woman’s heart. The poet himself, it seems, wrote and read this letter without any irony, without any ulterior motive. But a lot of water has passed under the bridge since then... Tatyana’s letter is beautiful even now, although it already echoes a little with some kind of childishness, something “romantic.”<...>

Everything in Tatyana’s letter is true, but everything is simple.<...>The combination of simplicity with truth constitutes the highest beauty of feelings, deeds, and expressions...

It is remarkable with what effort the poet tries to justify Tatyana for her determination to write and send this letter: it is clear that the poet knew too well the society for which he wrote...<...>

Tatyana's visit to Onegin's empty house (in the seventh chapter) and the feelings awakened in her by this abandoned dwelling, on all the objects of which lay such a sharp imprint of the spirit and character of the owner who left it, belongs to the best passages of the poem and the most precious treasures of Russian poetry. Tatyana repeated this visit more than once, -

And in the silent office, Forgetting everything in the world for a while, She was finally left alone, And she cried for a long time. Then I started reading books. At first she had no time for them; But their choice seemed strange to her. Tatyana devoted herself to reading with a greedy soul; And a different world opened up to her......................... And little by little My Tatyana begins to understand now more clearly, thank God, the One for whom she sighs Condemned by the imperious fate... .. .................... Has she really solved the riddle? word found?..

So, an act of consciousness finally took place in Tatyana; her mind woke up. She finally understood that there are interests for a person, there is suffering and sorrow, besides the interest of suffering and the sorrow of love. But did she understand exactly what these other interests and sufferings were, and, if she did, did this serve to alleviate her own suffering? Of course, I understood, but only with my mind and head, because there are ideas that must be experienced both in soul and body in order to fully understand them, and which cannot be studied in a book. And therefore, the book’s acquaintance with this new world of sorrows, even if it was a revelation for Tatyana, this revelation made a heavy, joyless and fruitless impression on her; it frightened her, terrified her and forced her to look at passions as the death of life, convinced her of the need to submit to reality as it is, and if she lives the life of her heart, then silently, in the depths of her soul.<...>

Visits to Onegin's house and reading his books prepared Tatyana for the rebirth from a village girl into a society lady, which so surprised and amazed Onegin. In the previous article we already talked about Onegin’s letter to Tatyana and the result of all his passionate messages to her.<...>

Now let's go straight to Tatiana's explanation with Onegin. In this explanation, Tatyana’s entire being was fully expressed. This explanation expressed everything that makes up the essence of a Russian woman with a deep nature, developed by society - everything: fiery passion, and the sincerity of a simple, sincere feeling, and the purity and holiness of the naive movements of a noble nature, and reasoning, and offended pride, and vanity virtue, under which a slavish fear of public opinion is disguised, and the cunning syllogisms of a mind that has paralyzed the generous movements of the heart with secular morality...<...>

The main idea of ​​Tatyana's reproaches is the conviction that Onegin did not fall in love with her then because it did not have the charm of temptation for him; and now the thirst for scandalous fame brings her to her feet... In all this, fear for her virtue breaks through...<...>

Tatyana does not like light and would consider leaving it for the village forever for happiness; but as long as she is in the world, his opinion will always be her idol and the fear of his judgment will always be her virtue...<...>

A woman's life is primarily centered in the life of the heart; to love means to live for her; and to sacrifice means to love. Nature created Tatiana for this role; but society recreated it...<...>

I am writing to you - what more?
What more can I say?
Now I know it's in your will
Punish me with contempt.
But you, to my unfortunate fate
Keeping at least a drop of pity,
You won't leave me.
At first I wanted to remain silent;
Believe me: my shame
You would never know
If only I had hope
At least rarely, at least once a week
To see you in our village,
Just to hear your speeches,
Say your word, and then
Think about everything, think about one thing
And day and night until we meet again.
But, they say, you are unsociable;
In the wilderness, in the village, everything is boring for you,
And we... we don’t shine with anything,
Even though you are welcome in a simple-minded way.

Why did you visit us?
In the wilderness of a forgotten village
I would never have known you
I wouldn't know bitter torment.
Souls of inexperienced excitement
Having come to terms with time (who knows?),
I would find a friend after my heart,
If only I had a faithful wife
And a virtuous mother.

Another!.. No, no one in the world
I wouldn't give my heart!
It is destined in the highest council...
That is the will of heaven: I am yours;
My whole life was a pledge
The faithful's meeting with you;
I know you were sent to me by God,
Until the grave you are my keeper...
You appeared in my dreams,
Invisible, you were already dear to me,
Your wonderful gaze tormented me,
Your voice was heard in my soul
A long time ago... no, it was not a dream!
You barely walked in, I instantly recognized
Everything was stupefied, on fire
And in my thoughts I said: here he is!
Isn't it true? I heard you:
You spoke to me in silence
When I helped the poor
Or she delighted me with prayer
The longing of a worried soul?
And at this very moment
Isn't it you, sweet vision,
Flashed in the transparent darkness,
Quietly leaning against the headboard?
Isn’t it you, with joy and love,
Did you whisper words of hope to me?
Who are you, my guardian angel,
Or the insidious tempter:
Resolve my doubts.
Maybe it's all empty
Deception of an inexperienced soul!
And something completely different is destined...
But so be it! my destiny
From now on I give you
I shed tears before you,
I beg your protection...
Imagine: I'm here alone,
Nobody understands me
My mind is exhausted
And I must die in silence.
I'm waiting for you: with one glance
Revive the hopes of your heart
Or break the heavy dream,
Alas, a well-deserved reproach!

I'm cumming! It's scary to read...
I freeze with shame and fear...
But your honor is my guarantee,
And I boldly entrust myself to her...
____________
Excerpt from the novel in verse.

Analysis of the poem “Tatiana’s Letter to Onegin” by Pushkin

Tatyana's letter to Onegin is an unconscious impulse of a desperate girl. When the novel “Eugene Onegin” was published, it made a great impression on readers, and for a long time was considered a model for the presentation of women’s innermost thoughts. Upon careful analysis, however, many overly “far-fetched” thoughts become noticeable in the letter. It is beautiful in presentation, but too saturated with romanticism.

The main advantage of the letter is its simplicity and frankness. Tatyana is truly sincere, she does not hesitate to freely express her views.
Tatyana comes to Onegin's house. Through its furnishings and objects belonging to the owner, she is completely immersed in the inner world of her loved one. The main source of revelation are books from Onegin’s library. Tatyana was a simple village girl, from whom the feelings and motives of people in high society were hidden. Reading books gave her an understanding of Onegin's personality.

Tatyana Larina realized that it is possible to live according to the desire of the heart only while experiencing incredible suffering. “Book” science expanded the concepts of a girl, but did not give a real sense of all passions. Life cannot be learned from books. The world of human sorrows frightened Tatyana already in theory. She decided to submit to the demands of society, and hide her true feelings and beliefs deep in her soul.
Visiting Evgeniy’s home and reading his books is the central episode in the formation of Tatiana into a secular woman. This rebirth shocked Onegin, who never expected to see in a simple village girl so much intelligence based on a subtle understanding of reality.

In her decisive explanation with Onegin, Tatyana showed the best qualities of an educated woman of high society. She is still sincere, but now she already knows the real price and consequences of showing her innermost feelings. Tatyana values ​​her virtue, which is so important in society. She reproaches Onegin for not responding to her love in the past, as he strived for seduction, that is, for his victory over a woman’s heart. Conquest “without a fight” was uninteresting and boring to him. In her current situation, Tatyana no longer believes in Evgeniy’s love. She believes that he is again driven by a base desire to achieve fame through a scandalous story of betrayal.

Tatyana's tragedy lies in her entry into society in the role of a respectable wife (“and I will be faithful to him forever”). Young, inexperienced passion collided with cold reason. Having learned all the secrets of high society, Tatyana forever closed her heart to those around her. She is constantly haunted by the fear of public condemnation. From this moment on, Tatyana’s behavior becomes impeccable in the eyes of people; not even a shadow of suspicion can fall on him.

During his short life, A. Pushkin managed to leave a rich cultural heritage. Tatiana's letter to Onegin has been the favorite poem of many young ladies who want to confess their love to their chosen ones for almost two centuries. The entire poem is written in the so-called “Onegin stanza”, and only in the letters of Onegin and Tatiana is there freedom inherent in Pushkin’s works.

Analysis of the lines of Tatiana's letter

You can describe a person in words, indicating his appearance, character, habits, or you can give the reader the opportunity to independently draw an image in his imagination based on the hero’s behavior and the feelings he experiences. A. Pushkin made Tatyana’s letter to Onegin very heartfelt, honest and open. helped the poet convey to the reader the feelings and thoughts of the heroine. It should be noted that the letter was written by a young county lady who had to overcome not only her complexes and fears, but also her moral prohibitions. In the 19th century, it was inappropriate for a girl to be the first to confess her love to a man, but Tatyana is ready to disregard the rules, even if she receives contempt in return.

Pushkin divided Tatyana's letter to Onegin into several parts. First, the girl writes about her risk and how the addressee should perceive this message. Then comes the alternative: “If only I had hope...”, - that is, Tatyana pictures in her imagination what could be, and these dreams shade the real pictures. The third part contains reflection: “Why did you visit us?” The young lady is aware of the difficult fate of women, but such statements are more suitable for an adult, and not for a young lady, so the author’s handwriting is clearly visible here.

To show the mental suffering of his heroes, their difficult fate and rebirth, Pushkin wrote “Eugene Onegin”. Tatiana's letter contains a large fragment where she switches to "you", but she is most likely addressing not the real Eugene Onegin, but the hero of her dreams, who has long been familiar and close to her. Then the girl in her mind combines two images: fictional and real. She also addresses Onegin as “you”: “From now on, I entrust my destiny to you...”

Pushkin filled Tatyana's letter to Onegin with drama. The girl spoke about her feelings, stepping over moral principles. After reading the message, Onegin can imagine the situation, understand the young lady’s situation, and do something. The last four lines sum up the story and end with the theme of the introduction. Tatyana seems to descend from heaven to earth, remembers reality and again addresses her lover as “you”. She realizes the riskiness of her enterprise, but trusts Eugene’s honor.

The poem painted the image of a simple, honest and open village girl in love. Tatyana's letter to Onegin is a sincere and very brave impulse of a young lady who wanted to declare her feelings. Of course, she fell in love, rather, not with Eugene himself, but with an invented image. Tatyana was attracted by his manners, his secular upbringing distinguished the man from others, so the girl seemed to have him as an ideal, capable of understanding her.

Alexander Sergeevich, struck down by a bullet in a duel in the prime of his life, still managed to leave his descendants an amazing cultural heritage. In his numerous prose and lyrical works lies the versatility of life itself, expressed in masterfully crafted and so dissimilar characters and situations.

One example of such works is the poem “Eugene Onegin”, the structure of which is consistent in a specific, so-called “Onegin stanza”. But Tatyana Larina’s Letter to Eugene Onegin stands apart in the general text of the poem - freedom of expression of the thoughts of a young girl in love reigns here. This is, in a way, a standard example of love lyrics.

The analysis of the letter should begin with the awareness of an important point: the authorship of what is stated belongs not only to Tatyana, the heroine of the work, but also to the poet himself, A.S. Pushkin, and the addressees of the letter are both Eugene Onegin and countless real readers of the novel. Each of those listed has their own personal understanding of the meaning of the Letter, but they (these meanings) can also intersect. Readers of the novel perceive what they read through the prism of their cultural and life experience, their personal capacity for sensory perception. Therefore, the analysis of the Letter must be carried out according to certain general criteria.

How does Tatyana feel?

Throughout the entire emotional outpouring, the young girl is haunted by conflicting thoughts and feelings. Tatyana directly writes that if she had had the chance to meet Evgeniy even occasionally, this revelation would not have happened: “Believe me: you would never know my shame.”

And in contrast to this, she complains about the appearance of Onegin in their province.

Despite the confusion, Tatyana does not lose her sanity in reasoning and writes that if she had not had the chance to meet Onegin, she would definitely have met a worthy man and would have found quiet family happiness with him. But again a contradiction occurs: “Another... No, I wouldn’t give my heart to anyone in the world!”

The girl spent her entire childhood in the wilderness, and she found joy only in reading French novels. Therefore, Tatyana was unconsciously waiting for a fairy-tale mutual love: “... she was waiting for someone...” It should be noted that Evgeny also singled out Tatyana. This follows from his conversation with Lensky, who liked the youngest, Olga: “I would choose another.” But, unfortunately, Onegin has long been fed up with spiritual impulses, and therefore he does not share the deep passionate feelings of the young girl.

At the end of the letter, Tatyana is again attacked by fear, and she is afraid to re-read what she has written: “I’m afraid to re-read it.” But still, she cannot wrap her head around the idea of ​​her lover’s possible dishonesty: “Your honor is my guarantee.” And she, in terrible excitement, sends the yard boy to deliver the letter to the addressee.

Tatyana's letter to Onegin is one of the most powerful and vivid scenes of the poem, and also represents an example of the sincere, passionate and pure love of a young girl for a young man.

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