Profitability of production of dry construction mixtures. Business plan for dry construction mixtures. Legal registration of business

Nowadays, any construction is carried out using building mixtures. And this applies to completely different types of work: cladding, wall construction, finishing wall surfaces and others. In all such cases, various types of building mixtures are used. Their use is economically and practically beneficial and justified. Such mixtures are capable of ensuring high quality of work performed, their effectiveness and high speed.

Today there are many variations of recipes for preparing and diluting dry construction mixtures, depending on construction tasks. In addition, depending on what components are included in the dry mortar used to prepare the mortar, the degree of strength of the mortar, its resistance to temperature fluctuations, low temperatures, humidity, etc. can vary. That is why today professional builders, instead of the traditional solution of cement and sand, which is prepared, as a rule, in the ratio “by eye,” are increasingly using industrial dry construction mixtures.

As mentioned above, the use of dry construction mixtures in work has tangible advantages and benefits. Let's look at some of them.

Firstly, the use of dry mixes saves time (and during the construction process this important factor) and space for storage and mixing (no need to purchase all components separately, look for a place to store them and containers for mixing).

Secondly, due to the variability production process and high-quality European-style technological equipment, it is possible to produce custom-made mixtures of varying complexity.

Thirdly, the mortar can be prepared in the volume that is currently needed, excluding loss of dry matter.

Fourthly, the use of dry construction mixtures in sufficiently large volumes allows for significant savings in transportation costs, since in this case the need for constant delivery of ready-made mortar to the construction site.

Fifthly, the use of dry construction mixtures always guarantees high quality, since their preparation uses a technologically correct recipe and precise dosage of the components used.

As we can see from the above, modern dry building mixtures are a high-quality product scientific technologies allowing to significantly increase labor productivity and achieve high quality construction work. Which is quite difficult when using traditional cement and sand solutions. It is not surprising that the manufacturing companies of these products keep their recipes for preparing building mixtures in the strictest confidence, but the components included in them and the main specific characteristics of the materials are widely known.

Experts distinguish 4 main groups of constituent components of the composition of modified dry building mixtures. These are mineral binders, inert fillers, special additives (mainly moisture-retaining) and polymer binders (they function on the same principle as mineral binders, but differ in their mechanism of action).

Considering the demand and high quality of these products, the idea of ​​the organization own business for the production of dry construction mixtures with subsequent sale it seems promising business idea. Moreover, these products are quite in demand at construction sites, specialized stores, construction companies and individual clients. Therefore, the production of dry construction mixtures can be a good and stable source of income. Moreover, this is not a very expensive production and pays off fairly quickly.

The range of use of dry construction mixtures is quite wide. Since they are powdery bulk substances, which, when combined with water, produce a variety of waterproofing, installation, plastering, putty and adhesive mixtures. The advantage of dry mortars (dry mortars) is that they are stored well, unlike ready-made mortars, and you can prepare a mortar from them at any time and in the required quantity.

The composition of dry mixtures can be quite varied, but the basis is always the following components:
. binders;
. fillers;
. functional additives.

The composition of binders includes mineral substances (these include silicate or aluminate cement, clay, lime, gypsum and others), organic derivatives (such as polymer powder, water-soluble cellulose ethers) and organomineral complexes (various polymer cement and polymer silicate compositions) .

The composition of fillers for SSS, as a rule, includes waste stone, marble, limestone, quartz, dolomite, ash and slag.

The composition of functional additives may be different. As a rule, these are substances that accelerate the process of thickening and hardening of the finished solution. These are also substances that give the mixtures high strength, the necessary plasticity, heat and moisture resistance. The recipe for preparing the composition depends on its purpose in the future. This is what determines the use of binders, fillers and functional additives in different proportions, which actually gives different results.

What building mixtures can a small business produce?
In the Russian construction market, most manufacturers began their entrepreneurial activity from production various types tile adhesive. The technology for producing such glue is quite simple. And the products produced are quite profitable, especially given the intensive growth of production.

It should be noted that the most a large assortment regarding properties, as well as brands and prices of dry construction mixtures are offered mainly to the group of adhesives. In addition, the consumption of ceramic tiles in the construction market has increased significantly (up to 30% according to data from 2003 - 2005). Over the past year and a half, there has been a slight decrease in the production volumes of tile adhesives and, accordingly, in the consumption of dry construction mixtures.
This trend is likely to continue in the near future. According to experts, the ratio of consumer use of modified dry building mixtures on the Russian market will remain approximately as follows: tile adhesive - 32%, plaster adhesive - 32%, putty adhesive - 13%, floor levelers - 16%, and others needs - 5%.

In light of the above, the question arises: will the production of modified dry construction mixtures be promising in the current situation?
It should be noted that the use of modified SSS significantly simplifies the work of builders and finishers. A a wide range of dry mixtures allows you to choose compositions that are optimally suited for specific types of work. Experienced builders note that both in private cases and when performing large-scale finishing and construction work, it is much more convenient to use a ready-made composition, which just needs to be diluted with water, stirred and can already be used. Therefore, there has always been a demand for these products.

The high growth rates of construction in the modern world also determine consumer demand for repair and finishing services for industrial, office and residential premises. And this, in turn, generates a stable demand for modified dry construction mixtures. Therefore, the business of producing such products is not only promising, but also pays off relatively quickly.

Among the main production areas it should be noted:
- plaster mixtures;
- tile adhesive;
- mortar for masonry;
- glue for gas and foam concrete;
- self-leveling mixtures.

Materials used in production are available and relatively cheap:
- cement;
- granular sand (up to 0.6 mm);
- finely ground chalk;
- ground quartz, dust fraction;
- functional additives (methylcellulose, starch ether, copolymer polyvinyl acetate).

The production technology of SSS is quite simple. The basis of most dry mixes is cement and sand. Despite the fact that the composition of mixtures is constantly changing and improving, the production technology remains virtually unchanged. Let's look at the production stages in more detail.

The sand is sent through a conveyor to the drying machine. The drum of the drying apparatus rotates at certain intervals, and with it the sand, which is gradually poured onto special blades located along the entire drying drum. At the moment when the blade reaches the top point of rotation, the sand begins to pour out and enters the hot air streams and thus dries out. In this case, excess moisture from the sand is removed from the room through ventilation. And the already dry sand is poured onto a vibrating sieve, where it is scattered and divided into three different fractions: coarse sand, fine sand and screenings.

When a lot of screenings accumulate, the sensor transmits a signal to the computer, which gives a command to stop production and remove the screenings. In the same way, with the help of a computer, operations are carried out with sand, when a sufficient amount of it accumulates in intermediate bunkers, then intermediate augers come into operation, unloading sand into storage bunkers. Using a forklift, the finished cement is loaded into a cement bin and packaged. Auxiliary bulk substances are poured into the hopper additional materials manually. The system is automated, so the exact ratio of additional. substances are entered into the computer by the responsible technologist, according to the recipe.

After this, the operator displays the name of the product on the computer screen and starts production. The computer, according to a given program, weighs each component and pours it into the mixer one by one. The completion of each operation is indicated by the computer in the form of a light signal on the display. The system carries out the process of mixing the ingredients of the dry construction mixture. When this process is completed, the computer requests permission to move the mixture to a separate filling bin. Here the packaging takes place in paper bags.

Production of SSS in stages.
The production process of dry construction mixtures consists of the following stages:
1. Preparation and transfer of necessary components.
2. Sifting these components.
3. Placement of the necessary components into large bins.
4. Determination of the dosage of components.
5. Mixing all the necessary ingredients.
6. Packaging of the resulting mixtures.
7. Warehousing.
Naturally, each production stage requires the necessary equipment.

For those who want to purchase already ready business of course it's easier. You need to carefully study the market and business plan, without wasting time searching for premises and equipment. And this needs to be given considerable attention, since the quality of the products depends to a large extent on this. So, for this type of business you will need premises and equipment for the production of SSS and their packaging. It should be noted that European equipment is many times more expensive compared to the same equipment produced domestically or made in China.

Video - Mini mixer with manual dosing but automatic packaging::

At the stage of business formation, it is enough to purchase a minimum set of equipment. For installation, you will need a room with an area of ​​50 square meters and a height of about 7 m. You can order equipment of various configurations from many manufacturers, according to the customer’s conditions. Payback production equipment the average is 10 - 18 months.
Equipment for packaging CCC can be purchased separately (manual or automated line) depending on needs and financial capabilities.

Brief description and operating principle:
Mini-factory control system. The mini plant is quite simple to operate. It works with the help of a computer system. It can be controlled both automatically and manual mode. In addition, the use of such a system makes it possible to reduce the number of personnel involved in production. And this contributes to a faster payback of the equipment, and also guarantees the stability of product quality.

Sand supply. Usually a silo is used to store sand, with all the necessary extras. equipment. This includes: filter, safety valve, aeration system and level sensors. Using a screw conveyor of the VK series, already dry sand from the silo is supplied to the sand weighing hopper. An integral part of the mini plant can be a drum-type dryer, the “SP” series.

Cement supply. To store cement, use the same silo with additional equipment as for storing sand. The “VK” screw conveyor delivers cement from the silo to the cement weighing hopper.

Supply of additives. Additives are weighed separately on special scales, after which they are poured into the mixer. The amount of additives used is calculated separately. After this, the mixture of additives is placed in a separate hopper of the VK159 screw conveyor and fed into the DMD150T dosing hopper, where all the components are mixed.

Mixing components. Mixing is carried out in a mixer for SSS. When the mixture is ready, the sensor is triggered and it is discharged through the gate into the hopper. Level sensors control the volume.
Packaging of ready-made mixtures. The finished SSS is fed into a special bunker, which has valve bags for packaging. After filling, each bag is transferred from the loading belt to the conveyor and moved to the packaging area.

Video - Mini plant for the production of dry mixtures for construction needs:

Sales of dry construction mixtures.
Main sales directions for these products:
- construction bases and shops;
- online stores;
- large construction companies;
- private consumers.

Prospects for the development of the dry mixtures market.
According to the forecasts of specialist analysts, in the near future there will be active development of such market segments of dry construction mixtures, which are used for insulation and decoration of facades of premises, as well as for pouring floors. Moreover, preference is increasingly being given to CCC based on cement and gypsum binders.
It should also be noted that the use of simple mortars is gradually decreasing and preference is given to dry construction mixtures. And these are good forecasts for those who decided to open their own business. Ideas for Business from the section:

Organizing a business for the production of dry construction mixtures for the needs of construction bases, shops, specialized companies and private clients is an excellent source of stable income, regardless of seasonality and other conditions. This is one of the fastest paying off and not too expensive business ideas with good returns.

Dry building mixtures (DCMs) are loose, powdery materials that, when combined with water, can produce adhesive, putty, waterproofing, plaster, and installation mixtures.

Ready-made compositions are not stored for long, and dry construction mixtures make it possible to prepare the materials required for work at the right time and required quantity. The composition of the SSS is diverse.

The basis of any mixture is

• binders
• mineral (silicate or aluminate cement, lime, gypsum, clay, etc.),
• organic (polymer powders and cellulose ethers, soluble in water),
• organo-mineral (polymer cement or polymer silicate compositions).
• Fillers - marble, limestone, dolomite, quartz, ash, slag, stone waste.
• Functional additives that accelerate thickening, hardening, impart strength, the necessary plasticity, frost and water resistance, etc.

For each specific formulation, depending on the purpose of the finished composition, its own ratio of binders, fillers and functional additives is used.

Is the production of dry construction mixtures promising?

The use of SSS has significantly simplified the task of builders and finishers. An extensive range of mixtures makes it possible to choose compositions with optimal characteristics for specific types of work. In everyday life or when performing large-scale finishing or construction work, it is much more convenient to use a ready-made composition, which only needs to be diluted with liquid, mixed and used.

Current growth rates in construction and demand for finishing and repair services for residential, industrial and commercial premises caused a high demand for dry construction mixtures, making their production one of the most promising and quickly payback types of business.

Range

The following building mixtures are in particular demand, the production of which is worth building a business on.

• Adhesives (tiles, facades),
• Mixture for cement screed,
• Compositions for self-leveling floors,
• Waterproofing compounds,
• Putties (gypsum, cement, facade, finishing)
• Gypsum plaster
• Mounting mixture.

Consumers

• Construction materials stores and construction bases.
• Online stores of building materials. This form of sales is in great demand today and brings considerable benefits to manufacturers.
• Construction companies. Regular provision of construction and repair services requires a stable supply of quality materials.

Production of SSS by stages

The production of dry construction mixtures is a technological chain consisting of the following stages.

1. Preparation of components and their transshipment,
2. Screening,
3. Placing raw materials into supply bins,
4. Dosage,
5. Mixing,
6. Package,
7. Warehousing.

Accordingly, for each stage of production it is selected necessary equipment.

Required equipment

Let's consider two equipment options production site installations of the Russian manufacturer " Manufacturing company"K+" Moscow

Option #1

(simplified version).

• Productivity: 5 tons per hour.
• Price: 1,563,000 rub.

Option No. 2

(layout no. 10)

• Productivity: 10 tons per hour.
• Packing machine: included in the package, packaging is carried out in semi-automatic mode.
• Price: 2,890,000 rub.

As can be seen from the presented analogues, the cost of equipment directly depends on productivity. For calculations economic justification activities, option No. 1 (low-budget) will be used.

Feasibility study of the project

To organize a business for the production of dry construction mixtures with a total productivity of 12 tons per shift, the following investments will be required.

Capital expenditures

• Purchase of equipment (Option No. 1) - 1,596 thousand rubles.
• Other equipment - 100 thousand rubles.
• Transport costs - 200,000, rub.
• Purchase of raw materials for 2 months of work - 350,000 rubles.
• Registration with the INFS, opening an account, other expenses - 100,000 rubles.

The total investment in organizing the production of dry construction mixtures will require an investment of 2,346,000 rubles.

Revenue calculation

* Parameter of profitability of activities according to the expert opinion of the author of the article.

** Payback period after the activity reaches the forecast revenue. In practice, it takes from 6 to 12 months to reach the planned revenue, therefore, the actual payback period will be higher (18-24 months).

Dry building mixtures are far from a new invention. They appeared on the domestic construction market back in the 60s of the last century. The first cement-sand mixtures were used for laying brick, stone, and for plastering work. They did not have a complex composition, were not flexible enough, were inconvenient to use and were not suitable for thin-layer application. As technology developed, these shortcomings of dry building mixtures were eliminated, and now they have become a separate direction in the production of construction and finishing materials. They are indispensable for both construction and repair.

Dry building mixtures are carefully prepared mixtures for various purposes, which consist of mineral binders, aggregates and fillers mixed in strictly maintained proportions, and polymer modifying additives. To give mixtures the special properties required in a given situation, their composition may also include various accelerators or, conversely, hardening retarders, blowing agents, defoamers, water-repellent, coloring and other additives. There are two main types of mixtures used in construction – commercial and dry. The first ones are manufactured using traditional technology and arrive at the facility in a ready-to-use form. The latter, as the name implies, are delivered to the construction site in dry form. There they are brought to full readiness for use by adding them to water in a given amount. Sometimes, after mixing the dry mixture with water, it must be kept for 10-15 minutes before mixing again.

Dry building mixtures have big amount advantages over commercial (liquid) mixtures, which explains their popularity and demand. In particular, they have a more stable composition, which is ensured by careful preparation of all components and their precise dosing. They can be stored for a long time (including at low temperatures) without deteriorating the original properties of the mixture, they are convenient and profitable to transport (dry mixtures weigh much less than commercial ones).

Unlike traditional dry mixtures in finished form, they are characterized by higher homogeneity, since they are prepared immediately before use, increased cohesiveness and, therefore, higher non-separability and better water-holding abilities, better adhesion to substrates and higher strength of the applied layers. Dry mixtures have lower consumption (they can be mixed with water, if necessary, even in small portions and applied in thin layers). Accordingly, their use makes it possible to increase labor productivity (since preparing and using the mixture does not require much effort).

Finally there is big choice dry construction mixtures, which are intended for certain purposes - facing and finishing works. There are several main classifications of the types of mixtures: according to the type of binder, the dispersion of the filler and the main purpose. In the first case, cement content and cementless mixtures are separated. According to the dispersion of the filler, the mixtures are coarse-grained (with the largest filler size up to 2.5 mm) and fine-grained (with a filler grain size of no more than 0.315 mm). According to the scope of application and purpose, dry building mixtures are: protective and finishing plaster (for external and internal decorative parts), plaster (leveling - for leveling walls and ceilings), primer (to improve the adhesion of finishing layers to the base), putty (for sealing sinks and unevenness before finishing), painting (for interior and exterior decoration of buildings), adhesive (for laying facing tiles, gluing thermal insulation materials and reinforcing mesh in light plaster thermal insulation systems and sealing seams between tiles).

Thus, the production of dry construction mixtures for specialized stores, bases, wholesale trade and construction companies, and private customers is profitable business, which, which is especially pleasant, practically does not depend on seasonal fluctuations in demand (at least in the same way as other types of construction products). Its organization requires a relatively small start-up capital. And the high profitability (it is 23%) and the high demand for high-quality and competitively priced mixtures allows you to quickly recoup all costs for the first initial stage.

Any dry mixture consists of a binder, fillers and additives. The binding components are white and colored cements, gypsum, lime, and Portland cement. All these components, of course, must meet the requirements of regulatory documentation. Fractional quartz sands are used as fillers. They, in turn, are obtained by crushing marble, limestone and other rocks, as well as finely ground fillers of various types (marble and limestone flour, etc.). To impart certain qualities and properties to mixtures, various water-retaining, plasticizing, air-entraining, polymer and other additives are used. To give mixtures color, certain pigments are added. Powdered superplasticizers (mainly domestically produced, but there are also additives from foreign companies). Depending on the purpose of the finished composition, a separate recipe is developed and a certain ratio of all components in the mixture is used.

When drawing up a business plan for your production of dry building mixtures, you need to decide on the range of products. There are positions that are in constant high demand. These include various adhesives (facade, tile, wallpaper), mixtures for cement screed, waterproofing compositions, compositions for self-leveling floors, putties (gypsum, cement, finishing, facade), installation mixtures, gypsum plasters.

The production process of dry construction mixtures includes certain stages: preparation of components and their transfer, sifting, placing raw materials in storage bins, dosing, mixing, packaging, storage. This process itself is apparently quite simple, but it requires the use of special equipment. You will need Production Line(a set of standard equipment and uniforms). For its location, depending on the type and configuration of the line, you need a room with an area of ​​120-180 square meters. meters ( production room 100-120 sq. meters plus warehouse 50-80 sq. meters), and maintenance will require at least four workers and one technologist. Temperature the production room must be maintained at 16-18 degrees Celsius, so it must be heated and equipped with an exhaust hood.

There will be no problems finding equipment for the production of dry construction mixtures. One line includes: a mixer, a filling hopper with an auger, sand drying, a vibrating sieve, and an automatic auger. You will also need electronic balance, commodity scales, various devices, tools and Euro pallets. You can purchase an inexpensive installation with a capacity of 5 tons of products per hour (however, packaging on it is carried out only in semi-automatic mode). The cost of such a line is about 1.6 million rubles. An installation with twice the productivity (10 tons of products per hour) with a packaging machine will cost almost twice as much (about 2.9-3 million rubles). From the raw materials you will need Portland cement (white and gray), quartz sand, calcium carbonate, hydrated lime, chemical modifying additives, etc. Their cost ranges from 10 to 170 (the most expensive are modifying additives) rubles per kg. To work in production for one shift, you will need a workshop master technologist, a dosing and mixing station worker, a packer and a loader.

So, let’s calculate the main expenses: rental of production and warehouse premises(from 18 thousand rubles per month), purchase of equipment (1.6-3 million rubles), transportation (200 thousand rubles), purchase of raw materials for the first two months of work (about 400 thousand rubles), wage employees, other expenses (100 thousand rubles). To organize a small production of construction dry mixtures (with a capacity of about 12 tons of products per shift) a minimum of 2.5 million rubles will be required.

The raw material cost of one 25-kilogram bag of adhesive composition is, for example, 60 rubles. Productive capacity equipment – ​​480 bags. Thus, the raw material cost per day is 22 thousand rubles plus production costs - 4 thousand rubles. Total, the total cost (excluding taxes) is 26 thousand rubles. The average market price of one bag of adhesive composition is 160 rubles (over 72 thousand rubles for 480 bags).

However, to get such a profit, you need to organize sales of your products. These could be stores (regular and online stores) of building materials, construction bases, construction companies, etc. Keep in mind that in the first months of operation, your production will operate at best at 50% of full capacity. And the competition in the market of dry construction mixtures is already quite high. At the same time, it only makes sense to sell such products in your own region. Experience shows that it is profitable to transport dry construction mixtures at a distance of no more than 300 km from production. The further the distance, the higher the transport costs.

Manufacturers and sellers of equipment and production technologies claim that already in the third month of work you will be producing and selling all 12 tons of products produced in one shift. But this is only possible if you can produce a large range of mixtures and at the same time in the shortest possible time (while maintaining high quality and an attractive price). In addition, do not forget that although dry mixtures are not considered seasonal goods, but in the period from November to March there is still some decline in this segment. This also needs to be taken into account when calculating payback periods. On average, under other favorable conditions, they amount to one year.

Dry building mixtures are very widely used in the construction of buildings themselves, and also, this type of aggregate state is optimal for interior and exterior finishing materials. The dry mixture is very convenient for delivery, going through all stages of sale, and using directly for its intended purpose. They are ready for use, you just need to add the required amount of water and building mixture before use and it turns into a finished material.

The production of building mixtures begins with a mining enterprise. With their help, the necessary components are extracted from deposits, and it is they that will be used further as raw materials.

Equipment for the production of building mixtures

To organize the production of building mixtures, it is necessary to have a whole variety of crushing machines that can progressively make the necessary powder from large blocks of delivered mineral. Crushing machines are selected individually for each manufacturing technology. Manufacturers of such machines will not only be able to offer the most suitable ones, but will also have the opportunity to choose conveyor lines. They are an important element for a fast production process.

List of main equipment for the production of building mixtures:

• Mixer;
• Packing hopper and auger;
• Drying for sand;
• Vibrating sieve for sifting;
• Electronic scales;
• Commodity scales.

Dry mix production technology + video

Standard building mixtures usually consist of the following two components:

• Cement;
• Sand.

Their shares vary depending on the brand of cement and the desired brand of the finished product - usually M150 or M200.

If you add surfactants (surfactants) to this list, then this mixture can already be used for flooring or tiling. Surfactants make the finished solution more plastic.

Surfactants are capable of increasing surface tension at the phase interface, for example, at the phase-solid or water-air interfaces. The smallest particles of the surfactant are adsorbed, in other words, they bind firmly to the internal surface of the interface between the bodies, forming molecular layers one molecule thick on these surfaces.

Video of how building mixtures are made at a mini-factory:

The size of this adsorption layer is related to the diameter of the cement particle, just as the thickness of a match is related to the height of a 30-story building. However, the use of surfactant additives in small doses to cement systems significantly changes their properties. Surface-active additives used in the production of building mixtures can be divided into three groups according to their determining effect on cement systems:

• Hydrophilizing;
• Hydrophobizing;
• Air-entraining.

Hydrophilizing additives When mixing the binder with water, they are capable of preventing the adhesion of individual cement particles to each other for a certain period of time. In this case, the coagulation of neoplasms slows down somewhat, that is, at the same time, a certain amount of water is released, which usually gets stuck in the coagulation structures. For this reason, the required workability of the building mixture with the additive is achieved with less mixing water than without the additive.

The most widely used in the practice of preparing cement concretes and mortars are hydrophilic additives based on lignosulfates-sulfite-yeast mash (SYB). It is capable of somewhat slowing down the hardening of concrete at an early age and therefore concrete factories use it in combination with additives that accelerate the hardening of building mixtures.

Superplasticizers - new effective thinners for concrete mixtures - in most cases are synthetic polymers - derivatives of melamine resin or naphthalene sulfonic acid. They use superplasticizer S-3 (NIIZhB) - based on naphthalene sulfonic acid, superplasticizer 10-03 (VNIIZhelezobeton) - a condensation product of sulfonated melamine with formaldehyde, etc. When a superplasticizer is introduced into a concrete mixture, its mobility and fluidity sharply increases.

Acting on the construction mixture, usually within 2...3 hours from the moment of introduction, superplasticizers under the influence of an alkaline environment undergo partial destruction and turn into other substances that are harmless to concrete and do not inhibit the hardening process. Superplasticizers introduced into the building mixture in an amount of 0.15...1.2% by weight of cement dilute the building mixture to a greater extent than conventional plasticizers. The plasticizing effect persists, as a rule, 1...2 hours after the introduction of the surfactant, and after 2...3 hours it is already insignificant.

Superplasticizers are used in the production of building mixtures, either alone or in combination with other additives, for example, sulfite-yeast mash (SYB) and nitrite-nitrate-calcium chloride (NNHK). When using a complex additive, the content of each of them is: “10-03” - 0.3-1.2%; NNHK - 1.5...2.5% and SDB - 0.1...1.15% by weight of cement.

Superplasticizers make it possible to significantly reduce the W/C, increase the mobility of the solution, and produce high-strength products saturated with reinforcement from isoplastic building mixtures.

Hydrophobizing additives, as a rule, significantly increase the non-segregation and cohesion of the concrete (mortar) mixture at rest. Under the influence of external mechanical factors (during mixing, laying, etc.), a concrete or mortar building mixture with an additive is characterized by increased plasticity. This property of water-repellent building mixtures is explained by the specific lubricating effect of the thinnest layers of surfactants distributed in the solution.

In addition, these additives protect cements from rapid loss of activity during transportation or storage. Previously, mainly natural products were used as hydrophobizing surfactants - some animal fats, aleic and stearic acids. The development of the chemical industry has made it possible to widely use new water-repellent additives in production - bitumen dispersions (emulsions and emulsions), naphthenic acids and their salts, oxidized, synthetic fatty acids and their bottom residues, organosilicon polymers, etc.

Air-entraining additives make it possible to obtain concrete (mortar) mixtures with some additional amount of air. To increase the plasticity of the building mixture, the volume of binder dough is usually increased. By entraining air, the volume of the binder dough increases without introducing excess cement. Therefore, the workability of such a system increases.

In addition, air-entraining surfactants also form oriented layers that are lubricatingly active. Air-entraining additives based on resin acids are widely used: neutralized air-entraining resin (SNV), saponified wood pitch, etc.

Cement hardening accelerators that increase the increase in concrete strength, especially in the early stages, include calcium chloride, sodium sulfate, calcium nitrite-nitrate-chloride, etc.

The effect of calcium chloride on increasing the strength of concrete is explained by its catalytic effect on the hydration of C3S and C2S, as well as its reaction with C3A and C4AF. Hardening accelerators are not recommended for use in reinforced concrete structures and prestressed products with a reinforcement diameter of less than 5 mm and for autoclaved products operating in an environment with a humidity of more than 60%. Sodium sulfate can cause efflorescence on products.

In nitrite-nitrate-chloridecalcium, the accelerating effect of chloride is combined with the inhibitory effect of calcium nitrate. Antifreeze additives - potash, sodium chloride, calcium chloride and others - lower the freezing point of water, which contributes to the hardening of concrete at subzero temperatures. To slow down setting, sugar molasses and SDB, GKZh-10 and GKZh-94 are used.

Foam and gas formers are used for the production of cellular concrete. Foaming agents include glue rosin, resin-saponin, aluminosulfonaphthenic additives, as well as the foaming agent HA. Aluminum powder PAK-3 and PAK-4 are used as gas generators.

Combined surfactants, for example plasticizer SDB, hardening accelerator (calcium chloride) with an inhibitor (sodium nitrate), help save cement. At the same time, the hardening accelerator neutralizes some slowdown in hardening of the finished building mixture at an early age.

Special additives ensure the production of waterproof mortars or concretes, regulate setting times, etc.

During the preparation of concrete building mixtures, the following types of chemical surfactants are added, which can improve the characteristics of future concrete and at the same time reduce cement consumption during production:

1. Individual - surfactants, electrolytes, polymer resins and others.
2. Complex - surfactants (SDB+GKZh-94, SDB+SNV and others), complex electrolytes of the following compounds (NNK+NNHK).
3. Complex - surfactants and electrolytes (SDB+Na2SO4; SDB+NNHK, SDB+Na2SO4; SDB+NaNO3 and others).

Surfactants are also used quite widely in the form of plasticizing additives, which not only save cement but also intensify the hardening process. Also, through the use of plasticizers, it is possible to reduce energy costs when preparing concrete mixtures. The use of surfactants in rational and strictly dosed quantities allows one to reduce energy consumption during the preparation of concrete mixtures by up to 50 percent.

Superplasticizers S-3, NIL-10, S-4,10-03, KMB and others are widely used in the production of building mixtures, along with other types of additives. The use of such plasticizers makes it possible to significantly increase the strength of concrete, reduce the water requirement of the concrete mass without reducing mobility and workability. The use of superplasticizer 10-03 showed that the workability of the concrete mixture increases 7 times.

By reducing the proportion of cement and using the same plasticizer 10-03, the water requirement of the concrete mass is halved. The strength of the concrete mass, after daily hardening, increases to approximately 70 percent, and with heat treatment up to 20 percent.

Superplasticizers are prepared on the basis of melamine-formaldehyde resins. Also based on condensation products of naphthalene sulfonic acid, formaldehyde, modified with lignosulfonates. Along with these superplasticizers, concrete production plants actively use cheaper plasticizers.

In particular, cheaper calcium chloride is widely used as a surfactant in construction mixtures as an accelerator for the hardening of binders. But such a plasticizer causes corrosion of steel reinforcement and reduces the durability of concrete (cement stone) in a sulfate environment. Therefore, the use of such an additive in concrete is limited.

Sodium sulfate is used primarily in the heat-and-moisture treatment of concrete. The use of sodium sulfate reduces cement consumption by up to 10 percent, and also reduces the time of heat-and-moisture treatment of concrete; the treatment cycle can be reduced by 20 to 30 percent.

Sodium nitrate is also used mainly in the heat-and-moisture treatment of building mixtures. The use of sodium nitrate together with the plasticizer SDB reduces the steaming time to 25%, and cement consumption is reduced to 14%. To increase the water permeability of concrete, calcium nitrate is added to the concrete composition.

Complex Supplements mainly affect such important characteristics building mixture, such as the growth rate of the strength of the future concrete, mobility, setting time, shrinkage, frost resistance, corrosion resistance and others.

The use of complex additives in building mixtures is mainly due to the need to reduce corrosion of steel reinforcement, shrinkage, and the possibility of increasing strength. The introduction of a complex of salts such as CaCl2 + NaNO2 makes it possible to almost completely eliminate corrosion of steel reinforcement. Corrosion of reinforcement in concrete occurs due to aggressive chlorine ions, which are regulated by CaCl2 + NaNO2 salts. To increase strength, calcium chloride is added to the building mixture.

The use of Na2SO4 (from 0.8 to 1.2%) together with SDB (0.15...0.2%) when using cassette technology significantly reduces cement consumption - from 8 to 10 percent. SDB+NaOH also allows you to save cement and reduce the time spent on steaming concrete products. The effect of cement consumption on the strength of steamed concrete with additives: KCl + (0.5 + 1.2)% Na2SO4 and Na2S2O3 + (0.7 + 1)% Na2SO4 and others is shown in Table-1.

Table 1. Influence of the type and amount of complex additives on cement consumption

They make it possible to reduce cement consumption from 350 to 298 kg/m³, that is, save up to 15% of binder while maintaining the tempering and grade strength of concrete. Due to the limited supply of electrolytes to the construction industry, their use in combination with surfactants is of great importance. At the same time, the effectiveness of chemical additives sharply increases and the required amount of electrolytes is reduced by 3...6 times.

When using nitrite-nitrate-calcium chloride (NCNC) in an amount of 2...3% by weight of cement, the specified mobility of the concrete mixture is achieved with less (6.1...6.5%) cement consumption. When using 0.5% NNKhK there is no plasticizing effect. The use of a complex additive of SDB and 0.5% NNHK has a strong plasticizing effect and allows not only to reduce cement consumption by 10% but also to reduce the hardness of the mixture from 19 to 10 s.

The introduction of surfactants and NHK improves the technological properties of concrete. When complex additives are introduced into concrete (with a corresponding reduction in cement consumption by 9...12%), concrete with F 500...F 1000 is obtained, which increases the service life of structures. The maximum amount of plasticizing additives per dry matter is given in Table 2.

• SNV, SPD, CINPS 1-0.005…0.025;
• KM, BS, GK, SMPN-0.05...0.15;
• GKZh-94-0.06…0.08 (consumption is based on dry matter).

The construction industry is an attractive niche for all those who are planning to organize their own profitable business. And here it is not at all necessary to start producing high-tech components and structures - to attract decent profits it will be enough to set up a mini-workshop for the production of material in demand on the market. Let's include dry construction mixtures (CCMs) here. If you buy equipment for the production of dry construction mixtures, arrange wholesale supplies of raw materials and hire workers, you can a short time recoup all costs. Dry construction mixtures are bulk materials widely used in the construction and repair of structures.

Our business assessment:

• Starting investments - from 1,000,000 rubles.
• Market saturation is average.

The idea is simple. But even taking this into account, in order to launch a mini plant for the production of dry construction mixtures in Russia, it will not hurt to draw up detailed business plan, where all the nuances of the future enterprise would be revealed. And special attention here should be paid not even to technology, but to marketing strategy. After all, the success of the plant will depend on how well thought out the sales channels and the ways of their development are.

How promising is the business?

According to experts, the market for dry construction mixtures has a tendency to develop. And the growth of this segment will only increase, as the needs of the population are increasing, and CCC today is used in literally every area of ​​construction and finishing - plastering, putty, surface decoration, cladding.

In many ways, the prospects of the building mixtures business are explained precisely by the demand for the products - the sales market is simply huge.

The features of the technology and the materials themselves are such that the same equipment can produce the most different types finished product. The main thing is to conduct marketing research to understand what kind of material is in demand among the population in a particular region. It turns out that the range of products with minimal costs for raw materials can be quite impressive.

A special advantage when organizing a business in this direction is the fact that the production of dry construction mixtures is very simple from a technology point of view. Therefore, in this case, it is possible to organize a workshop literally at home, where the final product is obtained with your own hands.

If we talk about the disadvantages of this direction, then it is worth noting the fairly high competition in the market and the seasonality of the business. But these difficulties are completely surmountable if you produce a high-quality product and establish wholesale distribution channels.

What assortment to offer to consumers

The sale of dry construction mixtures will be profitable even in the off-season, when the entrepreneur will offer customers a wide range of finished products. And since the equipment is multifunctional, the business organizer has the opportunity to offer customers a wide variety of classes of goods.

What are the options here?

• facade and tile adhesives,
• mixtures for cement screed,
• mixtures for self-leveling floors,
• putties,
• plasters,
• waterproofing mixtures,
• mounting mixtures.

If you believe the statistics, today the most popular materials of all are adhesive compositions. It is them in as soon as possible swept off the shelves of hardware stores. Taking this into account, novice entrepreneurs can be advised to start their own business by producing facade and tile adhesives. In addition, the technological process of their production is the simplest and most inexpensive of all others.

It is also worth considering in advance what kind of container the dry construction mixtures will be packaged in, since for many consumers this is a matter of paramount importance. And the point here, of course, is not the design of the packaging, but its volume - for some it is more convenient to buy in large bags, but for others a small bucket of construction mixture is enough. And in order to interest literally every client, it is important to diversify the products not only in type, but also in the packaging method.

Description of the manufacturing process of dry building mixtures

Technological scheme for the production of dry construction mixtures

A plant for the production of building mixtures can process a wide variety of raw materials - it all depends on the intended plan for the production of certain products. But despite the different composition ratios, the basis of the mixture is always the same:

• Binder components (cement, clay, gypsum, lime).
• Fillers (crushed stone, quartz, (sand), marble, ash, slag, screenings, stone waste).
• Functional (additives) (starch ester, methylcellulose).

And even before purchasing the necessary equipment, it is necessary to carefully work out the recipe, since not a single operating enterprise will disclose it. Without specific knowledge in this area, it would be better to use the services of a qualified technologist who would not only develop the recipe, but also subsequently monitor compliance with the technological regimes during the operation of the line.

In general, the technology for the production of dry building mixtures may look like this:

• Preparation of components required for the recipe (sifting and weighing).
• Mixing components in a certain proportion.
• Packing and packaging of the mixture.
• Storage of finished material.

And for each designated production stage, the appropriate machines are selected. There is also a more convenient option - a line that is already completed and ready for use.

It is absolutely clear that the technology for producing dry material is extremely simple. Therefore, many operations here can be performed manually, but large wholesale sales cannot be established here. In order to sell dry cement building mixtures in larger quantities, you will need to equip your workshop with special machines and devices that will greatly simplify and speed up the process.

Workshop technical equipment

Mini plant for the production of dry construction mixtures STROITEL 1011

There should be no problems with equipping the workshop - there are plenty of offers from suppliers. A variety of equipment is presented here to the attention of entrepreneurs: automatic and mechanical, low-power and high-performance, fully equipped and separately.

And if we take into account that the mixers and the packaging machine have the same design, the choice in favor of one or another line must be made based on considerations other than the principle of their operation:

• planned sales volumes,
• available finances,
• manufacturer's brand,
• seller's conditions (service and warranty, commissioning).

As practice shows, a line for the production of dry construction mixtures with a capacity of up to 5 t/h will be quite sufficient for a young workshop. This will be equipped with all the machines necessary for operation, and its cost will not exceed 1,600,000 rubles. It’s also good that the mini-installation will not take up much space - a maximum of 50 m2.

For those who are short on funds, it may be advisable to purchase each device separately. In this case, equipping a workshop can cost literally 700,000 rubles. But many operations here will have to be performed manually, which means that the final profit will ultimately be much lower than in the case of automated machines.

And if we talk about a line with a capacity of 10 t/h, then in this case the price of equipment for dry construction mixtures will be at least 3,000,000 rubles.

Sales plan for finished products

Business in the production of dry construction mixtures will only become profitable when sales channels are established. And it's better if it is wholesale trade finished material, since many problems associated with idle equipment and storage of goods in warehouses are immediately solved here. And in order for a mini-factory to start working “for clients”, it is worth starting to look for buyers at the stage of preparing a business plan.

Of course, if a franchise was used to open a plant, many problems with finding customers immediately disappear, since the company will produce a well-known product that does not need advertising. In all other cases, you will have to make every effort to establish distribution channels for materials.

So, who will be interested in dry plaster building mixtures and other materials produced within the walls of the mini-factory?

• Construction bases, markets and shops.
• Construction and repair companies.

An option that will require much larger investments in business is opening your own point of sale. But in this case, the entrepreneur himself will be able to choose the form of sale of the goods and set his own price for it, as well as choose a convenient location for the store.

Another way to sell finished products is to organize an online store. But this option works better “in conjunction” with a real store.

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Profitability of the planned business

It has already been proven in practice that a business in this niche can generate consistently high income. Having taken care of equipping the workshop and finding several wholesale buyers, you can run your own profitable business.

But before moving on to the profitability indicators of the enterprise, it is worth calculating the capital investment in the workshop. To purchase lines for packaging dry construction mixtures and other machines with a capacity of 5 tons per day, prepare the premises for work, stock up on raw materials and document the workshop, you will need at least 2,300,000 rubles.

If you buy used equipment or manual machines, you can start a workshop by spending no more than 1,000,000 rubles.

But you need to be prepared for the fact that investments can be much larger if you also provide your own fleet of vehicles to deliver finished products to customers. But a young enterprise can abandon this idea by offering customers pick-up services.

As for profit, the specific figure will depend on several factors:

• volumes of product sales,
• pricing policy in the region.

For calculations, we take the following data:

• Productivity - 3 t/h.
• 1st shift hours - 8.
• Number of shifts per month - 30.

It turns out that with uninterrupted operation of the equipment, it is realistic to produce up to 750 tons of finished material per month. And if you immediately sell the products to customers at an average wholesale price of 3,500 rubles/t, then monthly revenue can be up to 2,600,000 rubles. If you subtract from this amount the costs of purchasing raw materials, taxes, salaries for employees, transport, communications and utilities, then the net profit can be at least 150,000 rubles per month. In this situation, the enterprise will be able to recoup itself within a year and a half. But these are good profitability indicators.

The most “important” material for paving is asphalt. Considering how quickly roads deteriorate, raw materials are in consistently high demand in the construction market. The main consumers of the products are housing and communal services, transport companies, private enterprises. And the production of products that are in demand will always bring profit. Why not plan to produce cold asphalt in your region?

The production of asphalt involves mixing sand, crushed stone of various fractions, bitumen and mineral powder using a certain technology. The process, from a technological point of view, is simple - even a non-professional can master it. In addition, all production stages are performed on automatic equipment.

Our business assessment:

Starting investment - 1,500,000 rubles.

Market saturation is average.

The difficulty of starting a business is 6/10.

Legal registration of business

In order for the entrepreneur to have the opportunity to enter into profitable contracts for the supply of asphalt to large companies in the future, it is better to register the business in the form of an LLC. Legal registration more difficult when compared with individual entrepreneurs - but this, in this case, the best option. If you have little idea what documents are needed and where to submit them for verification, it is better to contact a lawyer. You will have to pay, but you will save a lot of time.

When registering a business, you will need to decide on the codes that suit your activity. You can use the following OKVED: 26.82.2 - Production of products from asphalt or similar materials.

What types of asphalt are there?

Before opening an asphalt production plant in Russia, think about the “range” of products that you will offer to consumers. This is important, since recipes and technology still need to be worked out and equipment selected.

An asphalt mini-plant can produce several types of products:

• Sandy asphalt. The mixture is actively used for arranging pedestrian paths and sidewalks. The composition includes the following ingredients - sand, fine crushed stone (up to 5 mm), bitumen.
• Fine-grained asphalt. Designed for arranging roadways. If the technology provides for the road surface to be covered in 2 layers, fine-grained asphalt acts as the second layer. The composition of the mixture is identical to sandy asphalt - the only difference is the size of the crushed stone (5-15 mm).
• Coarse asphalt. Necessary for laying the first (inner) layer of road surface. Asphalt production technology involves the use of coarse crushed stone (20-40 mm).

The profit received by the enterprise will be greater if it offers consumers all types of asphalt mixture. There is no need to purchase additional equipment or extra expenses - the recipe simply varies, depending on the quality of the crushed stone.

Asphalt manufacturing technology

The asphalt production process is simple. By type of technology, hot, cold and warm asphalt are distinguished. The fundamental difference lies in the temperature to which the mass is heated when mixing the components. For example, when producing hot and warm asphalt, the heated components are added to the warm binder. But the technology for producing cold asphalt involves the use of only one heated component - either crushed stone or a binder.

The raw materials used to make asphalt are quite available on the construction market. Choose suppliers who are located geographically closer to the plant you are opening - this will reduce delivery costs.

Sales of hot-melt asphalt are in higher demand. How is it produced?

• Sand, gravel, crushed stone are cleaned and dosed.
• The components are heated to 2000 °C.
• The raw materials are cooled to 1600 °C. Mineral powder and bitumen are added to the mixture to produce asphalt. Everything gets mixed up.
• The finished asphalt is stored without loss of its properties at a temperature of 150-1800 °C.

Despite the simplicity of the technology, the enterprise will need to hire an experienced technologist. At each stage, strict quality control must be carried out - from the acceptance of raw materials to the provision of necessary conditions for storing finished products.

What equipment to buy

When opening your own asphalt production business, you need to decide on the volume of supplies of finished products. And based on this, it is worth selecting equipment of one power or another. Already at the stage of developing a business plan, look for clients in order to at least have an approximate idea of ​​how many finished products you will have to produce in the future.

The best option for “young” enterprises would be to purchase a mini asphalt plant. These are mobile installations that allow you to produce asphalt mixture right at the road repair site - this will save you from the cost of delivering products. There are several types of asphalt production plants:

• Trailed. Productivity - 3-40 t/h.
• Trailer. Productivity - 40-150 t/h.
• Containerized. Productivity - 120-400 t/h.

Mini asphalt plants of different types practically do not differ from each other in terms of design. The only difference here is the power. And it makes no sense for a beginning manufacturer to purchase high-power equipment - it will not be used “to its full potential”, and it will turn out that the money at the start was wasted. To minimize financial investments, start with a “simple” low-capacity installation. You can buy equipment for the production of low-capacity asphalt for 1,300,000-1,500,000 rubles. You'll save money by searching for deals on used units.

Mini-production of asphalt operates using the following types of equipment, which are included in the asphalt plant:

• mixer,
• bunkers for bulk components,
• bins for mineral components,
• bunker for the finished mixture,
• screening and crushing machines,
• devices for loading crushed stone and gravel,
• heaters and pumps,
• elevator.

More expensive equipment is also equipped with additional “components” that facilitate the process of producing asphalt mixtures - mini-boiler rooms; bunkers where production waste is “dumped”; fuel storage; mobile laboratory.

To be able to produce asphalt directly at the road-laying site, you will need at least one front-end loader to load raw materials into bins - this, of course, cannot be done manually. The equipment costs even more than the asphalt production plant itself - about 2,000,000 rubles. For beginning entrepreneurs, it is more profitable to rent a forklift than to buy it, spending a lot of money at the start. The same applies to the transport that will transport the installation to the site - rent a car.

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Where to look for premises

If you plan to start the production of cast asphalt, you will need a large area. Here you will need to place the workshop itself, warehouses for storing raw materials, office and office premises. Beginners in this area of ​​business very rarely choose this option - the start-up costs are too high.

To place a mobile installation, large areas are not required. But the raw materials still need to be stored somewhere—the workshop needs to be converted into warehouses with optimal temperature and humidity levels. And these are also costs.

Profitability of the planned business

In general, you will spend at least 1,500,000 rubles to organize an asphalt manufacturing business. And this will be a small-capacity enterprise with a mobile installation!

The profitability of the mini-plant is quite high - all costs will pay off in 2-3 years. And this takes into account the fact that sales will not be carried out in the autumn-winter period. If you find customers who constantly require asphalt mix, your profits will be consistently high. Look for consumers among organizations responsible for the condition of municipal and federal roads, and contractors specializing in road repairs. Suggest potential buyers more favorable conditions than your competitors - for example, free shipping asphalt.

To make more profit, you can not only produce and sell asphalt, but also provide road repair services. In this case, you will need to hire workers.

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There have always been and will be fans of mouth-watering and delicious sausages. Recently, there has been an increasing demand for good smoked meats and sausages. At the same time, there is an increase in the number of businessmen who want to earn a good income from this trend.

Budget line for the production of dry mixes MiniMIX 350

Sausage production is quite profitable business, and such a project pays off in literally three months. A novice entrepreneur should not be afraid of competitors in the face of large enterprises, producing similar products, since a small workshop can well count on the love of consumers due to its high, practically home quality finished products.

Where to begin?

First of all, it is necessary to build a model of the future business on paper. The development of the concept should include the choice of production premises and equipment for implementation. technological process, study of the raw material base available in the region, analysis of opportunities for marketing finished products in favorable conditions. And if you are really interested in the production of sausages, then it is worth attracting professionals who have the relevant knowledge and experience in this field.

Premises for the future workshop

Foundation successful business can rightfully be called a good production facility. Don't look for it in your exes residential buildings, rest homes, kindergartens, baths - they will not meet the sanitary standards required for such enterprises.

A competent specialist in the field of meat processing will help you decide how to more rationally place the sausage production machine and other equipment. He will also give recommendations on the optimal placement of warehouses for bulk products, raw materials, processing departments, as well as the production workshop itself. The room should have a thermal separation and a pair of refrigeration chambers. In the first, the minced meat will be ripened, and in the second, the products will be stored.

Production requirements

The veterinary service requires that raw material shelves and finished products do not overlap. It will also be required special place for inventory and auxiliary materials. It will be necessary to equip a room in which the preparation and further storage of sodium nitrate will be carried out.

Domestic rooms - bathrooms, locker rooms, showers, washrooms and kitchens - must be equipped in full accordance with the requirements of sanitary services. Now they operate " Sanitary rules for meat processing enterprises", which were released in 1996. The entire complex of equipment will require a room of 50 square meters or more.

Alternative option

The problem of choosing a premises is greatly simplified by purchasing a small mini-workshop directly in a container. Such a monoblock was created in compliance with all the requirements of sanitary and epidemiological stations; it is ready for installation and subsequent supply of communications on the site, which you can rent.

It is especially important to use such mini-workshops in rural areas, where it is quite difficult to find a production facility that meets the requirements.

Equipment

Now it’s worth mentioning this important question, as the choice of equipment for sausage production. The minimum set of equipment in this case is quite significant. It begins with such a complex device as a boning table, where carcasses are cut using special knives, and then the meat is sorted and processed. You will also need meat grinders for the production of sausages, minced meat mixers and a cutter, which is used for the production of pates and premium products. Special syringes are used to stuff the shells with prepared minced meat.

Additional devices

Choosing equipment for sausage production also involves purchasing a unit such as a universal oven with a smoke generator. It is used to carry out all processes related to heat treatment - cooking, drying, frying, smoking, so you should take its purchase as seriously as possible.

It is worth noting that it is important not only right choice equipment for sausage production, but also the availability of personnel with appropriate qualifications. Here you cannot do without a technologist responsible for the quality of the finished product, a couple of butchers engaged in cutting carcasses, as well as a mechanic who takes on the tasks of servicing the equipment. The staff must also include support workers, an accountant and a freight forwarder.

Equipment costs

The device for producing sausage can be of domestic production, then such a technological line will cost about eight thousand dollars. Its capacity will be 200-250 kilograms of finished products.

The cost of an imported analogue will be from eighty thousand dollars or more, but such a production line is different modern design, high quality materials used, service capabilities, as well as ubiquitous automation. Conversion options have recently appeared on the market Russian equipment, which are almost as good as their imported counterparts. The final choice of equipment for sausage production depends on many factors, including the size of your starting capital.

About raw materials for production process

When purchasing raw materials, you need to remember one thing Golden Rule— the transaction must be documented. And here it doesn’t matter at all whether you buy meat, casings or binding threads - a certificate must be provided for all this, and all these documents must be genuine.

It is worth concluding an agreement with a sanitary or veterinarian, which will become insurance against unscrupulous entrepreneurs selling low-quality raw materials. Only a specialist appearance The carcass will be able to tell you how authentic the medical examination is provided to you, decipher the veterinary documentation attached to it, and also determine whose brand is on it.

There is another side to drawing up an agreement with a sanitary doctor: you will have a specialist as your ally, which will allow you to eliminate possible bias on the part of representatives of the veterinary and sanitary stations. This will allow you to count on loyalty and goodwill on their part. You can produce sausage casings yourself or buy ready-made ones.

Who will you be collaborating with?

In the domestic market, not only large companies, but also small ones act as suppliers of raw materials farms. When purchasing small quantities of raw materials from private manufacturers, medical examination is carried out in production. You can enter into an agreement with a small veterinary laboratory that operates in the nearest market, and its specialists will carry out all the required tests for a very affordable fee.

If we're talking about about purchasing imported raw materials, then you may encounter some difficulties. To obtain an import permit you must go through the whole complex bureaucratic procedures. Thirty days in advance, the owner of the cargo must send a written appeal to local services controlled by the State Veterinary Supervision, which will list all the characteristics of the cargo, the purpose of import, and indicate the places of storage, processing, and temporary quarantine.

This cargo must be accompanied by a certificate and comply with interstate agreements adopted at the level of veterinary services. Experienced businessmen solve such issues through close cooperation with departmental regulatory authorities, for example, Gosvetnadzor, ROSTEST and others.

Expenditure part

The first costs that you will encounter if you want to open a sausage production are related to registering your future business. In this case we are talking about a small amount, only $700. At the initial stage, you may well be limited to renting premises of 50 square meters, for which the fee will be $300 every month.

Refrigeration chambers and equipment will cost approximately $12,000. To purchase the first batch of raw materials you will need 1.5 thousand. It turns out that by investing only 15 thousand dollars at the initial stage, it is quite possible to launch your own sausage production business.

Revenue part

Now it’s worth considering the profitability of this business. So, if you master the technology for producing boiled sausage, you will be able to produce about a quarter of a ton of product per shift. This requires 68 kilograms of pork and 160 kilograms of beef. The purchase of raw materials in this case will require a cost of $360, and the resulting products can be sold for $680.

If you organize the work of the workshop daily in two shifts, then the mastered technology for the production of boiled sausage will allow you to receive a profit of 17 thousand dollars per month. If you take everything into account running costs, namely: the purchase of raw materials, salaries of employees and communal payments, then the net income will be 5 thousand dollars every month. It turns out that the equipment will pay for itself after three months, after which your workshop will achieve a stable profit.

Manufacturing process

Naturally, the production of products in this case is carried out after passing through a number of stages. It is clear that producing sausage at home is much simpler, but in this case we are considering a workshop, so it is worth assessing all stages of the work.

The first stage is the cutting of carcasses or half-carcasses, which is carried out on a hanging path or a special table. In this case, electric saws or band saws are used. When deboning of the meat and separation of fat and muscle fibers from the bone is completed, the meat is fed to cutting presses. Tender knives are designed to separate small bones, cartilage, and rough tissue compounds that are not suitable for food from meat.

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