Raw materials for the production of tableware. Manufacturers of disposable tableware in Russia. Product cost calculation

Production of disposable tableware: market analysis + how to register a company + technological features production of disposable tableware + raw materials for polystyrene tableware + where to rent premises + search for personnel + what profit will the production of disposable tableware bring.

In the 20th century, they could not even imagine that there would be an alternative to heavy ceramic and clay cups and plates. The production of disposable tableware was a breakthrough and a world discovery.

Plates and glasses made of plastic or paper are lightweight, you can take them with you on the road, or use them on trips to nature. The price for such a product is low, so disposable tableware is thrown away after a feast without a single regret.

There is demand for the product all year round, especially in summer period when people go on picnics, this can be an excellent business venture for Russian entrepreneurs.

We analyze the sales market

In the 20th century, plastic utensils were imported only from abroad, so the price for such goods was too high and there was little demand. In the 21st century, a ban was imposed on the import of polystyrene products into Russia. Many businessmen took advantage of this and began to open their own production of disposable tableware.

Every year, demand from the population has only increased, and this trend - growing popularity - continues to persist.

We can conclude: a novice entrepreneur has every chance to find his niche in the production of disposable tableware.

Who is the wholesale buyer of disposable tableware:

1. Public catering points.
2. Street stalls selling fast food and hot drinks.
3. Outdoor cafes and bars.
4. Organizations engaged in catering (food delivery and organizing lunches).
5. Points selling drinks from vending machines.

Supermarkets also buy disposable tableware, which then sell glasses, plates, and cutlery at retail.

Today people have learned to use polystyrene dishes not only for their intended purpose, but also to create unique products with their own hands. This allows us to reduce the harmful impact on the environment, because the product gets a second life.

As you can see, open your own production plastic dishes- this is a profitable endeavor, especially if no one is doing this in your region yet. You will be able to cover the entire region and even neighboring areas, offering them favorable prices for goods.

How to register a business producing disposable tableware?

If an enterprise aims to fill the market of one city, then it is enough. This is easy to do by collecting a minimum package of documents.

Documents for registration of individual entrepreneur:

1. Application form No. Р21001 (you can download the example from the link - https://www.nalog.ru/cdn/form/4162994.zip)
2. When you meet with the tax inspector, you need to have your passport and TIN code with you.
3. Pay the state fee (800 rubles). You can do this online through a special service: https://service.nalog.ru/gp2.do
4. Submit an application to pay taxes according to the simplified tax system or another form of taxation at your discretion.

Do not forget to indicate in your application the activity code 25.24.2 “Production of plastic tableware, kitchen utensils, and toiletries.”

You do not need to obtain a license to organize production. However, you will be subject to inspections from the Fire Inspectorate, SES, and Rospotrebnadzor, from which you must receive a certificate of product quality and compliance with GOSTs. It is prohibited to start production without permission from supervisory authorities.

The production must have the following documents that confirm the quality of the products:

Payments to clients are carried out, in our time, most often by bank transfer, so it is worth opening a bank account and ordering a stamp in your name.

Disposable tableware production technology

Let us describe the technology for producing disposable tableware in stages:

1. Raw materials are brought to production in polystyrene granules or other substances intended for the production of disposable plastic tableware. It enters a flat-slot extruder, where the process of mixing polystyrene granules with water under the influence of heat occurs to obtain a special melt.
2. The finished mixture is squeezed out through a flat slot. The shafts are made from the mass into sheets several millimeters thick.
3. The sheet must enter the vacuum forming machine. It is at this stage that the material takes the form of utensils - glass, plate, fork, spoon.
4. Then special equipment recalculates the amount of dishes and then packs them.

Each equipment and the tableware material itself has its own specific requirements for temperature during production, shaft power, etc. The technologist must take such details into account in order to obtain as few defective products as possible.

We will also describe in addition the technology for producing paper tableware.

Let’s make a reservation right away that disposable paper cups or plates are environmentally friendly, and also not so harmful to people’s health. Unfortunately, their production is much more expensive than making tableware from plastic.

This is due to the high cost of the final product, and, as a rule, our people are accustomed to choosing cheaper goods. This is why disposable cups and plates are not as popular as .

Technology for the production of disposable paper tableware:

1. A design is applied to special laminated paper (material density 120-128 g/m2), and then divided into small sheets. Their size should approximately correspond to the circumference and height of the future dishes.
2. The finished sheet is wrapped around a given shape, and the seam is welded using a special machine.
3. Half finished item removed from the mold. If it is a glass, the bottom is inserted into it and sealed in the same way.

Although the technology for producing paper tableware is much simpler than that of plastic items, the material is expensive. As a rule, paper is imported from abroad, although recently domestic manufacturers have also been trying to provide raw materials for the production of disposable paper tableware.

Purchase of raw materials for the production of disposable tableware

The average price of granulated polystyrene is 50,000 rubles per ton.

There is also a ready-made film made of polystyrene or polypropylene. All that is needed to make dishes from it is to shape the final product.

The price of half-finished raw materials, of course, will be higher than for just polystyrene granules. But, using film, you can save on the purchase of equipment by purchasing only a dish mold and a packaging machine.

The price of polystyrene film is about 120,000 rubles per ton.

Necessary equipment for the production of disposable tableware

We invite you to consider how much equipment for the production of disposable tableware costs at full cycle.

The line for the production of disposable tableware consists of the following equipment:

1. Mixer for mixing granules.
2. Sheet extruder.
3. Molding machine.
4. Forming press.
5. Dish stacker.
6. Machine for counting dishes.
7. Chiller.
8. Compressor.
9. Crusher for processing sheets or scrap, i.e. for a waste-free production process.

The price of such a kit varies between 6-8 million rubles. You can buy it in Russia or order it from foreign partners. To save money, you can purchase a used line, but in this case you will not have a guarantee for servicing the equipment.

If you want to produce glasses and plates using an incomplete cycle, you only need a forming line and a machine for packaging dishes. In this case, the purchase of equipment will cost 1-2 million rubles.

At the same time, in 1 hour of operation the machine will be able to produce up to 150,000 glasses, but, unfortunately, the strength of such dishes will be far from top level. But in 1 hour of operation, the complete equipment can produce 30 thousand glasses and approximately the same number of plates, spoons, and forks.

Don’t forget to add comfort to production - buy furniture for the staff, arrange an office for the technologist and accountant. All working personnel must be in uniform, have respirators, and goggles so that harmful substances do not spoil their health.

This expense item will amount to approximately another 150,000 rubles, but you should not save on the comfort of your subordinates.

Finding a suitable workshop

The working area should be approximately 100-150 m2. When choosing a premises, a lot depends on the volume of products produced, so take this fact into account before you start searching for the right workshop.

The production facility should consist of the following rooms:

• Workshop with equipment.
• Finished goods warehouse.
• Warehouse for raw materials.
• Staff room.
• Toilet.
• Office for administrative staff.

Manufacturing equipment consumes a lot of electricity, so be sure to electrical network was three-phase
and not less than 380 V.

In addition, the workshop must meet the following standards:

1. The floor is concrete or tiled.
2. 1.5 meters of walls from the floor level must be tiled or covered with other material that is considered fireproof.
3. Due to the massive equipment, ceilings must be at least 4.5 meters high.
4. Be sure to install powerful ventilation, supply water and adjust the gas supply to heat the room.

You will have to pay about 80,000 rubles for rent every month. The price is average; much of its determination depends on the renovation, region, distance from the city, availability of communications, etc.

You will also pay about 50,000 rubles for utility costs - electricity, gas, water, garbage removal.

Personnel for the production of disposable tableware

As for the line workers, they will have to be trained independently, because there is no such specialty. Equipment suppliers can provide you with training. Therefore, it is best to hire people in advance so that by the time the line is installed they are already on staff and everyone can learn how to use the equipment.

You can’t do production without a technologist. He must control the entire production process, purchase raw materials, monitor the supply of materials to the compress, etc. In addition, hire those who will take care of accounting at the warehouse of goods and raw materials.

Depending on the scale of production, the number of personnel may vary.

Production of disposable tableware.

What equipment is used? Technology
production process.

Calculating the profitability of disposable tableware production

Now let’s calculate how many products the production can produce in 1 month of work (24 shifts) with an 8-hour work schedule:

Calculation of the cost of disposable tableware:

1. To produce 1 million pieces. utensils (glasses, spoons, plates, forks are taken into account) made of polystyrene, you will need approximately 4 tons of granular material. As a rule, half of the neglected raw materials are waste; they are ultimately needed again for secondary products, so for 1 million products it is worth purchasing 8 tons of polystyrene.
2. To ensure production operation for 1 month, you need to purchase approximately 200 tons of polystyrene. The purchase of raw materials will cost about 10 million rubles.
3. The price of a glass (200 ml) and a flat plate is about 1.2 rubles. The price of a spoon and fork is about 50 kopecks.
4. If the goods are fully sold, production revenue will be 19,507,200 rubles.
5. Net profit will be 1.2 million rubles.
6. To cover all the costs of purchasing equipment, you need to work for 9-12 months. Only then can we talk about making a net profit.

All calculations are approximate, because no attention was taken to the fact that the products would not be completely sold on the market. However, if you properly organize the production of disposable tableware, then success will come, and with it prosperity.

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In this article:

Disposable plastic tableware is no longer a new product. This is an affordable and convenient way to reduce cleaning time and the weight of luggage on vacation or during transportation. Despite the periodic noise in the press about the dangers of plastic containers, they are in wide and constant demand. Because this is comfort for little money, and the “danger” of plastic for food is easily neutralized by its correct use. This product will always have its buyer. But will its production be profitable? Let's look at it step by step.

Areas of application and possible sales

Plastic products on the disposable tableware market today: plates, cups, glasses, skewers, drink stirrers, spoons, knives, forks, trays and food storage containers various forms and sizes. Dishes are made from plain and foamed polystyrene (for cold foods) or polypropylene (for high temperatures, microwave ovens).

Areas of application of plastic tableware:

• catering outlets operating on the principles of “fast food” (pancake houses, pizzerias, children’s cafes, canteens);
• delivery companies ready meals to your home or office;
• grocery stores;
• food production enterprises;
• outlets with goods in bulk (confectionery, dairy products, ready-made salads).

A huge segment of the disposable tableware market is occupied by plastic cups - they are used almost everywhere: in offices, sanatoriums, children's and sports institutions (for coolers, in vending machines for hot and cold drinks, in the catering industry). Of course, the level of competition here is much higher than in the manufacture of other plastic tableware products.

To start production, you need to decide on the product range. To do this, you need to assess the presence of competing enterprises in the region, their range and pricing policy. Despite a large number of there may be no worthy competitors on the market for plastic products, since great amount plastic utensils are imported from China, and, as practice shows, the buyer is more loyal to a domestic manufacturer, even if the price of its products is higher.

Organizational issues of registering a business producing plastic utensils

Choosing an organizational form for legal registration business depends on the size of the planned profit. This can be either an individual entrepreneur (for a small enterprise) or an LLC. The latter, despite large quantity document flow, it is much easier to agree on cooperation with large enterprises both when purchasing raw materials and when concluding supply agreements for finished products. TO legal entity, traditionally, there is more trust. And VAT reimbursement is important in the tax optimization procedure. Therefore, optimal organizational form to open production – LLC on common system taxation, including VAT.

The following code should be indicated as the main activity: 25.24.2 manufacture of plastic tableware, kitchenware and toiletries

Activities for the production of plastic utensils are not licensed, but certificates and technical specifications will be required to ensure that finished products comply with SanPiN standards and GOST requirements.

Please note the following regulatory documents:

• GOST R 50962-96 – “Dishes and household products made of plastic. General technical conditions";
• GOST 15820-82 - “Polystyrene and styrene copolymers”;
• GN 2.3.3.972-00 - instead of SanPiN No. 42-123-4240-86 " Acceptable quantities migration (DCM) of chemical substances released from polymeric and other materials in contact with food products and methods for their determination";
• SP 2.2.2.1327-03 – “Hygienic requirements for the organization of technological processes, production equipment and workplace";
• GN 2.2.4.1313-03 - “MPC harmful substances in the air of the working area."

Nuances of choosing a production facility

If you plan to produce a full cycle with the operation of an extruder, the following requirements must be met:

• the height of the room is not lower than 4.5 m;
• floor – concrete or tiles;
• walls - 1.5-2 m from the floor surface are finished with non-combustible material;
• good ventilation; - ability to connect to a water supply system;
• connection to a 3-phase power supply.

If finished film is used as a raw material (in fact, the work is carried out on a heat press and packaging), the ceiling height is permissible lower, but not less than 3.5 m.

By functional purpose production room should be divided into the following zones:

• Workshop for the production of plastic utensils;
• Administrative and amenity premises;
• Warehouse for storing raw materials;
• Warehouse for storing finished products;
• Changing rooms for staff;
• Bathroom.

Raw materials - choose quality

Technological process for the production of plastic tableware

Depending on the type of product, there are two technologies for producing plastic tableware: molding and casting. The injection molding method produces thick-walled tableware (cutlery, premium goods: shot glasses, wine glasses, glasses in individually made molds). The casting process is quite slow, production costs are high, since here the weight determines the quality and strength of the finished product. For example, the weight of a standard cup with a capacity of 200 ml is 3 g, made by injection molding - up to 10 g.

Making tableware using the molding method is more promising for mass consumption. The automated molding line can produce up to 30 million cups (13-18 million plates) per month.

Let us consider step by step the technology for manufacturing plastic utensils using this method:

1. Raw materials in the form of polyester residues (recycling) or finished granules are fed into the extruder. If you plan to produce colored tableware, colored granules are added to the white ones.

2. In the extruder, the granules are heated to the melting point, the melt is constantly mixed using a screw press. Having reached the desired consistency, the mass passes through a press, forming a plastic sheet about 2 mm thick. Basic Requirement– uniform thickness of the resulting product.

3. Ready The film roll enters the thermoforming machine, where, depending on the type of product, molds of various configurations are used.

4. But before forming blanks for future dishes, the film needs to be heated. To do this, it is sent through a 3-meter furnace, which heats the material to a plastic state.

5. In a thermoforming machine, the web is sucked tightly into the molds.

Using a press, finished products (cups, plates, packages) are squeezed out row by row.

7. The resulting film scraps are disposed of for further use. Thus, the production process is waste-free.

8. The trimmer transfers the products to the machine, which stacks the products and transfers them to the conveyor belt.

9. The belt transfers the products to the packaging. Or for further modification (heating and rolling the top edge of the cups to form rounded rims; applying printed images and logos), and then onto the packaging.

We are drawing up a business plan for the production of plastic tableware

1. The enterprise LLC “X” plans to produce the following product

• cutlery (spoons, knives, forks);
• glasses (200 ml capacity);
• dishes.

2. Raw materials and supplies

• for the manufacture of cutlery and plates - polypropylene;
• for cups - polystyrene.

The products produced will be transparent (cups) and white (other products), since color additives contain harmful chemical dyes. The production is waste-free (remains of the film are melted in an extruder for further use).

3. Sales

• stationary catering outlets (50%);
• population and offices (20%) - seasonal outdoor retail outlets (20%);
• cafe (5%);
• lunch delivery, baking and confectionery (8%).

4. Room

Rented industrial premises - 500 m2 * 1400 rubles/m2. Rental cost - 700,000 rubles/month. (RUB 8,400,000/year)

5. Capital investments

A) Technological equipment (the price includes delivery of the line to the production workshop, installation, commissioning, personnel training):

• Extruder – RUB 1,048,950,
• Thermoforming machines – 2 pieces * 672,000 rubles = 1,344,000 rubles,
• Molds – 5 pieces * 241,710=RUB 1,208,550,
• Compressor – 600,600 rub.

B) Additional equipment:

• 2 computers and office equipment – ​​65,100 rubles,
• transport (Gazelle car) – 3 * 82,950 = 248,850 rubles.

Total – RUB 4,516,050.

6. Calculation of production capacity

M = production rate (according to technical data) * equipment operating time

It is planned to work in 2 shifts of 8 hours each with a lunch break (Saturday, Sunday, official holidays - weekends).

Predicted operating time of equipment = (calendar days - weekends - holidays) * number of working hours * number of shifts = 249 * 7 * 2 = 3486 hours / year

Minus 60 hours/year of downtime for maintenance and repair work – 3426 hours/year.
Production capacity = standard productivity * number of operating equipment * operating time of equipment

In accordance with the characteristics of the equipment, we will calculate the production capacity for each type of product:

M (glasses) = 20,000 pieces * 1 * 3426 h = 68,520,000 pieces/year

M (plates) = 18,000 pieces * 1 * 3426h = 61,668,000 pieces/year

M (knives) = 21,000 pieces * 1 * 3426h = 71,946,000 pieces/year

M (forks) = 21,000 pieces * 1 * 3426h = 71,946,000 pieces/year

M (spoons) = 21,000 pieces * 1* 3426h = 71,946,000 pieces/year

7. Calculation of material costs

Material costs for the production of 1 unit of production = quantity consumables* purchase price of the material.

Plates (0.005 kg x 61,668,000 pieces) x 40 rubles = 12,333,600 rubles.

Cups (0.004 kg x 68,520,000 pieces) x 36 rubles = 9,866,880 rubles.

Cutlery - (0.002 kg x 71,946,000 pieces x 3) x 40 rubles = 17,267,040 rubles.

Other material costs (packaging, fuel, etc.) – RUB 9,866,880.

Total material costs – 49,334,400 rubles/year.

8. Personnel and payroll

Number and general fund wages per year (including holiday pay and bonuses during the season) to ensure 2-shift operation of the enterprise:

• Director – 435,600 rubles,
• Accountant – 382,800 rubles,
• Technologists (2*211,200 rubles) – 422,400 rubles,
• Equipment adjusters (2*204,600 rubles) - 409,200 rubles,
• Workers (20*198,000) – 3,960,000 rubles,
• Loaders (4*184,800) – 739,200 rubles,
• Drivers (4*171600) – 686,400 rubles,
• Cleaners (2*165,000) – RUB 330,000.

Total total wage fund – 7,365,600 rubles/year

Salary taxes (UST) will amount to RUB 1,915,056/year

During the high season (April-September), it is planned to create additional places and flexible work schedules for general workers (students).

9. Calculation of product costs

The cost per unit of production is calculated as the sum of material costs, costs of wages and social needs (UST), depreciation and other costs (rent + advertising).

Plates – 14,309,976 (material costs) + 1,473,120 (salary) + 383,011.2 (Unified Social Tax) + 1,578,821 (depreciation) + 1,741,000 (rent + advertising) = 19,485,928.20 rubles

Cost of 1 plate - 19,485,928.20 rubles / 61,668,000 pieces = 0.32 rubles

By analogy, we calculate the cost of other products:

• cups – 0.25 rub/piece,
• cutlery – 0.18 rub/piece

10. Determination of the selling wholesale price

Product unit price = Cost of 1 piece + Profit rate (according to standards - 25%)

We calculate the minimum selling price threshold for wholesale:

• plates – 0.32 + (0.32*25%) = 0.40 rub.
• glasses – 0.25 + (0.25*25%) = 0.31 rub.
• cutlery – 0.18 + (0.18*25%) = 0.23 rub.

11. Calculation of the production program

Sales revenue = number of product pieces/year * price per piece

Glasses – 68,520,000 pieces/year*0.31 rubles = 21,241,200 rubles/year

Plates - 61,668,000 pieces/year*0.40 rubles = 24,667,200 rubles/year

Knives - 71,946,000 pieces/year * 0.23 rubles = 16,547,580 rubles/year

Forks - 71,946,000 pieces/year*0.23 rubles = 16,547,580 rubles/year

Spoons - 71,946,000 pieces/year*0.23 rubles = 16,547,580 rubles/year

Total revenue for the year: 95,551,140 rubles/year.

12. Calculation of balance sheet and net profit

Based on the calculated data, we compose financial plan production of plastic tableware in value terms:

• Sales revenue – 95,551,140 rubles/year,
• The cost of dishes is 75,217,160 rubles/year,
• Profit from sales (balance sheet) – 20,333,980 rubles/year, (Revenue - Cost)
• Income tax (20%) – 4,066,796 rubles/year, Net profit = Balance sheet profit – Income tax = 16,267,184 rubles/year.

13. Calculation of profitability

Product profitability is calculated using the formula: P = (Book profit: Cost) x 100%P = 20,333,980: 75,217,160 * 100% = 27%

Conclusion: the business of producing plastic tableware is profitable with large scale sales. Subject to estimated load production capacity, the initial investment in a business project can pay off within 2-3 months.

Probably every person in our country has encountered disposable tableware. And it doesn’t matter at all what it was made of: paper or plastic. Before you find out what equipment you should purchase for the production of disposable tableware, let’s figure out why this is worth doing.

Advantages of the presented products

So, among the advantages we can highlight the following:

• ease of use;
• very low cost;
• environmental Safety;
• convenience;
• high demand.

Naturally, equipment for the production of disposable tableware cannot be called simple, since it is capable of performing dozens of different operations. However, the amount of possible income completely covers any disadvantages.

What are the dishes made of?

Naturally, in order to stamp products, you must first purchase raw materials. For production, you can use both paper and polyethylene. Moreover, in the second case, production is cheaper. However, paper dishes are safer.

The purchase of raw materials should be made from several trusted suppliers. In addition, recyclable materials are excellent for such production, the cost of which is very low. If you decide to choose polyethylene, then keep in mind that making dishes from it is quite difficult. However, the products are more durable and can be used in the microwave.

What equipment is needed for the job?

In order to organize your own workshop, you need to know what equipment to purchase for the production of disposable tableware. So, you will need:

• injection molding machine (designed to work with polypropylene and polystyrene);
• thermoforming machine;
• extruder - thanks to it, flat sheets can be obtained from polyethylene granules;
• packing table;
• crusher - used for crushing recyclable materials;
• chiller - this machine for the production of disposable tableware provides cooling of workpieces;
• compressor.

In principle, this equipment is quite enough to start a business. Then you can expand and buy more powerful and functional machines.

How to choose the right equipment?

This question is not too difficult. First you need to decide on the parameters of the machines, and then look for a suitable model. For example, to begin with, low-power equipment with average performance will be more sufficient for you.

However, even it is not that cheap. Therefore, to begin with, it is quite possible to use used cars. Naturally, they should be in good condition, and not break down every week. But here it depends.

If you decide to purchase a new line, please note that you should order a machine for the production of disposable tableware only from a trusted manufacturer who enjoys a positive reputation.

When choosing, try to carefully consider all the devices. The seller must provide you with all necessary accompanying certificates.

Features of the production of polyethylene tableware

It is cheaper both in production and on the market. The manufacturing process of such material is quite complicated. It consists of the following stages:

1. To begin with, the sorted raw materials in the form of granules are thrown into an extruder, where under the influence of high temperature it turns into a homogeneous semi-liquid mass. Mixing inside the bunker is carried out using an auger.

2. The resulting mass is squeezed out through a thin slit. The result is a long and wide sheet, the thickness of which varies within a few millimeters. It all depends on how the shafts are configured, and they must work accurately and correctly. If you have a functional extruder, then with its help you can get a multilayer film. In any case, its thickness should be the same along its entire length.

As you can see, the manufacturing process is quite complicated. The machines must be operated by experienced operators who can operate automatic system using the remote control. Naturally, strict safety rules must be observed during operation.

Features of manufacturing dishes from laminated cardboard

First of all, it should be noted that equipment for the production of disposable paper tableware is produced only abroad. The fact is that such a business is not very popular in our country, due to the fairly high cost of primary raw materials. However, if you still decide to do this, then look for German, American, Korean or Chinese devices.

Filter

Russian factories of plastic tableware

Companies have established mass production and wholesale sales. 20 enterprises included products in the catalog for 2020. The list includes plastic tableware factories:

• "Introplastik".
• LLC "Interm"
• "BYTPLAST".
• "Polymer Holding" etc.

The industry has mastered the production of plastic containers, glasses, cups and other products. Firms make plates and cutlery from food-grade plastics. Food grade plastics, polypropylene, polymer materials. Plastic products, even disposable ones, are not inferior in safety to ceramic ones.

The Russian manufacturer covers 80% of the country's market. Companies penetrated and gained a foothold in the CIS markets. The products attracted food manufacturers as a reliable storage method. In addition, catering organizations love things made of polypropylene. Enterprises have modernized equipment and mastered the production of packaging.

Federal transport companies will help with delivery of your order in Moscow and the Moscow region, to regions of Russia and abroad. The manufacturer encourages suppliers of raw materials and wholesale buyers to cooperate. We have prepared special prices and discounts for dealers. The manager of the company or exhibition will answer questions about how to buy products in bulk and download the price list. Website, phone number, address - in the “Contacts” tab.

Could the production of disposable tableware be an idea for profitable business? The demand for such products is quite high. For example, disposable paper cups for takeaway coffee have become very popular lately - any coffee shop has them. Sets of plastic forks and plates are regularly required by people celebrating corporate events in the office or going on picnics. How much does it cost to set up a disposable tableware business and what equipment is required?

In some European countries, authorities are trying to limit the use and production of disposable tableware - it is considered harmful to the environment. Indeed, plastic does not decompose, and high-quality wood is used to make disposable cups. But this trend has not yet reached Russia and is unlikely to reach Russia in the near future. Disposable coffee cups and plastic containers seem to have become an integral part of city life.

For this reason, manufacturing plastic utensils and paper cups is a profitable business idea. Disposable tableware is the same popular product as handkerchiefs or wet wipes. It is hygienic, easy to use, and does not require washing or other care.

At the same time, competition in the field is quite high. A novice manufacturer will not only have to establish a technological process, but also think about a marketing campaign. From the very beginning it is important to determine competitive advantages: unusual shape, beautiful colors, printing corporate logos of establishments on glasses (very popular among coffee shops).

Disposable tableware is the same popular product as handkerchiefs or wet wipes

Features of the production of plastic and paper tableware

Sets of plastic plates and forks can be found in every supermarket. They are made from polystyrene or polypropylene. The first material is more fragile, but is resistant to moisture, temperature and is well processed by mechanical means. Polypropylene is more durable and costs less than polystyrene.

When producing dishes from these materials, the same equipment is used. The technological process is similar: melting of raw materials, preparation of sheets, stamping and packaging. We will consider manufacturing technologies in more detail in a special section.

For the manufacture of paper tableware, laminated cardboard with a density of 120-280 grams per 1 m2 is most often used. This material is not susceptible to moisture due to lamination, and also allows you to print brand logos on finished products in good quality.Cardboard is less harmful to environment: Even laminated material decomposes within 3 years. On average, about 1 ton of raw materials is consumed to produce 100 thousand units of goods.

It is important to note that disposable plastic tableware is subject to mandatory certification. Plastic products must contain a mark indicating the class of material from which they are made. Thus, the most dangerous and suitable only for one-time use without heating, polyethylene terephthalate is suitable for storing vegetable oils and ketchups, and polystyrene is suitable for storing and heat processing of any food products.

A paper coffee cup has become an integral attribute of city life.

How to organize production

The choice of equipment is key to organizing the production of plastic cups and other disposable tableware. Modern production complexes are almost completely automated and do not require much human intervention. You should start organizing your business by drawing up a business plan, calculating expenses and, of course, studying production technology.

The advantage of business is almost complete automation production processes coupled with stable and high demand. Among the disadvantages, the leading one is high competition (in the production of plastic tableware it is much higher than in the production of paper cups).

Technologies

What are disposable cups made of plastic and cardboard? Plastic production includes the following steps:

1. Heating the raw materials, melting and mixing in the extruder.
2. The finished raw material is pressed into a plastic sheet.
3. The plastic sheet is placed in a thermoforming unit, where products (plates, glasses, cutlery) are formed from it.
4. Products are cut from canvas and packaged.
5. The remaining plastic is returned for melting.

This results in a fairly simple, almost completely automated and waste-free production. Paper cups made from cardboard are produced slightly differently:

1. A logo or design is printed on sheets of laminated cardboard.
2. The resulting sheets are cut to the size of future glasses.
3. The blanks are wrapped around a round blank, the seam is fastened, the edges are formed, and the bottom is inserted.
4. The finished glasses are packaged.

Thus, making tableware from cardboard is much simpler in terms of technological process, but more expensive - requires more expensive raw materials. Paper coffee cups require plastic lids, so it would be promising to organize the production of tableware from both types of raw materials at the enterprise.

Dishes made of colored plastic are in greater demand than white ones

Selection of premises

Equipment for disposable tableware takes up quite a lot of space. To organize comfortable conditions labor for employees will require a workshop with an area of ​​at least 300 square meters, connected to all communications. It is divided into the following zones:

• work area with equipment;
• warehouse for storing raw materials;
• warehouse for finished products;
• locker rooms and a rest room for employees;
• premises for management personnel.

It is convenient to locate production in a remote part of the city, but it is important to take into account the availability of convenient access roads. If an entrepreneur plans to produce only one type of tableware (only plastic or only paper), you can get by with a smaller area. It is important that the workshop is well lit and equipped with a ventilation system. This will make working conditions more comfortable.

Equipment selection

To organize the production cycle for the manufacture of plastic utensils, you will need the following equipment:

1. Extruder. This machine melts plastic and forms it into a canvas, from which disposable tableware will later be molded and cut.
2. Thermoforming machine. He heats the plastic sheet and makes indentations in it in the shape of future products. The process takes only a few seconds.
3. Compressor. Squeezes products out of the web after a thermoforming machine.
4. Packing machine. Packs finished dishes in batches. Sometimes this stage occurs manual labor, but this is significantly less efficient.
5. Crusher for plastic. Processes leftover plastic sheets: melts them and forms a new sheet for products.

The cost of equipment for the production of plastic tableware is approaching 1 million rubles

To produce cups from laminated cardboard, you will need other equipment:

1. Flexo printing machine. Prints drawings and logos on sheets of cardboard.
2. Glass molding machine. Cuts cardboard into pieces of different sizes for the future product.
3. Twisting machine. Wraps the workpiece around the round roller, stitches and inserts the bottom.
4. Special apparatus for the production of plastic caps.

To purchase equipment that produces plastic tableware, you will need from 600 thousand to 1 million rubles. If you add to this machines for paper cups, you get an additional 500-800 thousand rubles. Prices for devices depend on the manufacturer and power. You can save some money by finding used machines. But in general, choosing a cheaper price and significantly cutting costs will not work.

Purchase of raw materials

Plastic tableware is made from polypropylene or polystyrene granules. Buying granules and melting them yourself is much more profitable than buying ready-made film. With this option, the production turns out to be waste-free (the remains of the plastic sheet can be melted down and reused). One ton of granules costs 18-20 thousand rubles, and a ton of finished film costs about 45 thousand. The difference and benefits are obvious. You can buy regular white granules or colored ones (colored dishes sell better).

Raw materials are offered Russian companies"Plast-plus", "RosEcoPlast", "TIS", "EuroPlast".

To make paper cups, laminated cardboard is used, which is purchased in large rolls. An average roll weighing 1 ton is enough for 100 thousand cups. The cost of laminated cardboard is approximately 30-40 thousand rubles per ton.

Required Personnel

Modern production of disposable tableware is highly automated. Therefore, there is no need to look for workers with any special education. Any person can master the operation of machines within a few days. Personal qualities include ability to work, attentiveness and efficiency.

The company's staff must include at least 8 workers, among whom areas of responsibility and equipment are distributed. Modern technology is quite safe, but in any case, safety instructions and short training are required.

Sales of products

Manufacturers of disposable tableware have several options for distribution channels. The simplest of them is cooperation with shops and supermarkets. Through them you can constantly sell large quantities of goods. The greatest demand is for sets of plates and forks, as well as glasses. A promising variety is the production of disposable glasses - they are popular at corporate events and buffets.

Paper cups are made from thick laminated cardboard

Customers of paper cups - These are cafes and coffee shops that sell takeaway coffee. They can purchase both finished products and order glasses with their own logos. When searching for your first customers, it would be wise to contact commercial offer to establishments in your city.

Your own website can be very good tool increasing sales and finding customers. It will be useful to configure contextual advertising: then advertisements for the production of tableware will be seen by users looking for similar products.

Calculation of enterprise profitability

An average of 1.5 million rubles will be required to purchase equipment. To this amount you need to add the rent of the premises, payment utilities and the purchase of raw materials - approximately another 300-500 thousand rubles. Let’s assume that an entrepreneur spent 2 million rubles to open a production facility.

In an 8-hour shift, modern equipment can produce approximately 18 thousand units of products. They will be sold at an average price of 1 to 3 rubles, with a cost price of 10 kopecks to 1.5 rubles (for paper cups the amounts may be higher, especially if they are made with a company seal). The company produces products worth up to 54 thousand rubles per shift, and up to 1.6 million rubles per month.

With such production volumes and established sales, it is possible to recoup investments and expand production in just 3-4 months. However, most likely the profitability volumes will be lower: in most cities there are already disposable tableware enterprises, the products of which fully cover the local market.

Conclusion

The production of disposable tableware is an idea for a profitable and in-demand business. Having spent no more than 2 million rubles on the purchase of equipment, an entrepreneur has every chance to recoup it in 3-4 months. Equipment for making plastic dishes and paper cups is sold separately or in ready-made lines. Both options are profitable, but first of all, when purchasing, you need to pay attention to the characteristics of the machines, the reputation of the manufacturer and its guarantees.

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