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Capitals are always protected by the most advanced developments of the military-industrial complex, and Moscow is no exception. There are dozens of abandoned defense sites around the city, many of which are quite spectacular. Let's talk about some of them.
Former anti-aircraft starting positions missile complex S-25
To the southwest and west of Moscow there are two abandoned objects. Previously, there were S-25 complexes here - anti-aircraft missile systems, adopted by the USSR in May 1955. The main task of the complex is to protect the airspace above Moscow and on the approaches to it. The creation of this anti-aircraft missile system (SAM) was one of the most difficult, ambitious and expensive activities of the Soviet Union in the post-war years. In fact, it became the world's first operating air defense system of this scale.
The entire Moscow sky defense system consisted of 56 anti-aircraft missile launch systems located around the capital and forming two rings. Actually, the rings themselves today can be found on the map very simply: these are the A-107 and A-108 highways, also known as the Moscow Small Ring (45 km) and the Moscow Big Ring (90 km).
The roads were made specifically for the needs of military transport communications and the supply of air defense launch platforms. Concrete slabs were laid in several layers specifically so that the roads could withstand the weight of multi-ton rocket tractors. The roads became civilian roads very quickly, although they were officially recognized as such only in the late 1980s, and were covered with asphalt. Moreover, to this day they are all called “concrete”.
For the first time on civilian maps, a large “betonka” appeared in the atlas of the Moscow region in 1991. Prior to this, the guidebook with the Moscow Region map, published by the Main Directorate of Geodesy and Cartography in 1956, contained information only about part of the sections of the large and small rings.
To date, some of the launch sites have been refurbished and modern S-300 air defense systems have been installed on them, while others have remained desolate. One of the empty properties is located west of Moscow, on the big ring, not far from the village of Lesodolgorukovo, on the Volokolamsk highway.
A total of 34 complexes were located on the large ring (the remaining 22 were located on the small ring). Today, several buildings have been preserved here, and one rocket also stands as a monument. There is a beautiful spruce forest around, in which there are also some military buildings, the entrance to which is not restricted in any way, and on the walls and internal doors of the buildings there are warning signs like “No entry” or “Danger to life.” Here you can also find two military units based on the MAZ-543 with an 8x8 wheel arrangement. In general, there is something to see.
Coordinates: 56.021221, 36.343330.
The second abandoned launch site is located further south, but also on a large ring, between the Kaluga and Minsk highways, not far from the village of Vasilchinovo. Some buildings have also been preserved here. The main interest is caused by radio domes - spherical buildings, the acoustics inside of which are simply crazy. Any sound coming from the center of the ball is reflected from the walls and returns back to the center, amplifying many times over.
Coordinates: 55.353058, 36.490833.
Semi-abandoned military training center Nikolo-Uryupino
To the west of Moscow, in the immediate vicinity of the village of Nikolo-Uryupino, there is an object that cannot be called completely abandoned, but in fact it is not in use. Only part of the Center is operational, and you can get into it only as a student at some military department. Most of this landfill is empty and practically unguarded.
The center itself was formed as a result of the expansion of a military training ground, founded back in 1921 in the neighboring village of Nakhabino, which, by the way, is still in operation. The territory of the center is located in the northern part of the test site, closer to Nikolo-Uryupino. You can get here without any problems through the village. Sometimes you can meet military personnel on the territory of the center, but they are absolutely loyal to civilians - local residents often pick mushrooms here and just walk.
There is a lot of interesting things to do on the territory of the center. There are several monuments here, but the main interest is in models of military equipment, trenches and trenches. In the wooded area there are chaotically scattered figures of armored vehicles and aircraft. In some places training trenches have been dug, there are mobile bridges and temporary firing points.
Coordinates: 55.803406, 37.193233.
Unfinished hospital of the internal security service
The building is interesting primarily because in the central and right wings there is access to the roof, which offers a gorgeous view of the surrounding area. Inside, a post-apocalyptic atmosphere reigns: bare walls painted by local graffiti artists, gloomy corridors and howling wind.
The left wing is not worth visiting; only the frame has been built here, and its reliability is very doubtful. The central and right wings are much better preserved, and there are no signs of collapse. In addition to the roof and interior of the building, there is also an underground part. The pipe-cable collector and the basement are poorly preserved, and the possibilities of movement there are very limited, although it’s worth a look.
Although you can move around here freely, as with any other abandoned site, special care should be taken. The building looks very reliable, but do not forget that it has been standing in this form for almost a quarter of a century, and the waterproofing of the structure has almost never been completed completely, and the water is gradually “wearing away” the floors.
Coordinates: 55.739265, 37.995358.
After the collapse of the USSR, the young states inherited many once powerful military and scientific facilities. The most dangerous and secret objects were urgently mothballed and evacuated, while many others were simply abandoned. They were left to rust: after all, the economies of most newly created states simply could not support their maintenance; no one needed them. Now some of them represent a kind of mecca for stalkers, “tourist” sites, visiting which involves considerable risk.
“Resident Evil”: a top-secret complex on Vozrozhdenie Island in the Aral Sea
During Soviet times, a complex of military bioengineering institutes was located on an island in the middle of the Aral Sea, engaged in the development and testing of biological weapons. It was an object of such secrecy that most of the employees involved in the landfill maintenance infrastructure simply did not know where exactly they were working. On the island itself there were buildings and laboratories of the institute, vivariums, and equipment warehouses. In the town, quite a number of facilities were created for researchers and military personnel. comfortable conditions for living in conditions of complete autonomy. The island was carefully guarded by the military on land and sea.
In 1992, the entire facility was urgently mothballed and abandoned by all occupants, including the facility's guards. For some time it remained a “ghost town” until it was discovered by looters, who for more than 10 years removed from the island everything that was abandoned there. The fate of the secret developments carried out on the island and their results - cultures of deadly microorganisms - still remains a mystery.
Heavy-duty “Russian Woodpecker”: Radar “Duga”, Pripyat
The Duga over-the-horizon radar station is a radar station created in the USSR for early detection of intercontinental ballistic missile launches by starting flashes (based on the reflection of radiation by the ionosphere). This gigantic structure took 5 years to build and was completed in 1985. A cyclopean antenna with a height of 150 meters and a length of 800 consumed great amount electricity, therefore it was built near the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.
For the characteristic sound on air made during operation (knocking), the station was named Russian Woodpecker (Russian Woodpecker). The installation was built to last and could function successfully to this day, but in reality the Duga radar operated for less than a year. The facility stopped operating after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant explosion.
Underwater submarine shelter: Balaklava, Crimea
According to knowledgeable people, this top-secret submarine base was a transshipment point where submarines, including nuclear ones, were repaired, refueled and replenished with ammunition. It was a gigantic complex built to last, capable of withstanding a nuclear strike; under its arches, up to 14 submarines could be accommodated simultaneously. This military base was built in 1961 and abandoned in 1993, after which it was dismantled piece by piece by local residents. In 2002, it was decided to build a museum complex on the ruins of the base, but so far things have not gone beyond words. However, local diggers willingly take everyone there.
"Zone" in Latvian forests: Dvina missile silo, Kekava, Latvia
Very close to the capital of Latvia, in the forest there are the remains of the Dvina missile system. Built in 1964, the facility consisted of 4 launch shafts approximately 35 meters deep and underground bunkers. Much of the premises is currently flooded, and visiting launcher Not recommended without an experienced stalker guide. Poisonous residues also pose a danger. rocket fuel- heptyl, according to some information, remaining in the depths of launch mines.
“The Lost World” in the Moscow region: Lopatinsky phosphate mine
The Lopatinskoye phosphorite deposit, 90 km from Moscow, was the largest in Europe. In the 30s of the last century, they began to actively develop it using the open pit method. At the Lopatinsky quarry, all main types of multi-bucket excavators were used - moving on rails, moving on tracks, and excavators walking at an “added” step. It was a giant development with its own railroad. After 1993, the field was closed, abandoning all the expensive imported special equipment.
Mining of phosphorites has led to the emergence of an incredible “unearthly” landscape. The long and deep troughs of the quarries are mostly flooded. They are interspersed with high sandy ridges, turning into table-flat sandy fields, black, white and reddish dunes, pine forests with regular rows of planted pines. Giant excavators - "absetzers" - resemble alien ships rusting on the sands in the open air. All this makes the Lopatin quarries a kind of natural-technogenic “reserve”, a place of increasingly lively pilgrimage for tourists.
“Well to Hell”: Kola superdeep well, Murmansk region
The Kola superdeep well is the deepest in the world. Its depth is 12,262 meters. Located in the Murmansk region, 10 kilometers west of the city of Zapolyarny. The well was drilled in the northeastern part of the Baltic shield solely for scientific research purposes in the place where the lower boundary of the earth's crust comes close to the surface of the Earth. IN best years 16 research laboratories worked at the Kola superdeep well, they were personally supervised by the Minister of Geology of the USSR.
Many interesting discoveries were made at the well, for example, that life on Earth appeared 1.5 billion years earlier than expected. At depths where it was believed that there was no and could not be organic matter, 14 species of fossilized microorganisms were discovered - the age of the deep layers exceeded 2.8 billion years. In 2008, the facility was abandoned, the equipment was dismantled, and the destruction of the building began.
As of 2010, the well has been mothballed and is gradually being destroyed. The cost of restoration is about one hundred million rubles. The Kola superdeep well is associated with many implausible legends about a “well to hell” from the bottom of which the cries of sinners are heard, and the drills are melted by hellish flames.
"Russian HAARP" - multifunctional radio complex "Sura"
In the late 1970s, as part of geophysical research near the city of Vasilsursk Nizhny Novgorod region built a multifunctional radio complex "Sura" to influence the Earth's ionosphere with powerful HF radio emission. The Sura complex, in addition to antennas, radars and radio transmitters, includes a laboratory complex, a utility unit, and a specialized transformer electrical substation. The once secret station, where a number of important studies are still being carried out today, is a thoroughly rusted and battered, but still not completely abandoned object. One of the important areas of research carried out at the complex is the development of ways to protect the operation of equipment and communications from ion disturbances in the atmosphere of various natures.
Currently, the station operates for only 100 hours a year, while the famous American HAARP facility runs experiments for 2,000 hours over the same period. The Nizhny Novgorod Radiophysical Institute does not have enough money for electricity - in one day of work, the test site equipment deprives the complex of a monthly budget. The complex is threatened not only by lack of money, but also by theft of property. Due to the lack of proper security, “hunters” for scrap metal continually sneak into the station’s territory.
"Oil Rocks" - a sea city of oil producers, Azerbaijan
This settlement on trestles standing directly in the Caspian Sea is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the world's oldest oil platforms. It was built in 1949 in connection with the beginning of oil extraction from the seabed around the Black Rocks - a rock ridge barely protruding from the surface of the sea. Here there are drilling rigs connected by overpasses, on which a settlement of oil field workers is located. The village grew, and in its heyday included power plants, nine-story dormitory buildings, hospitals, a community center, a park with trees, a bakery, a lemonade production plant, and even a mosque with a full-time mullah.
The length of the elevated streets and alleys of the sea city reaches 350 kilometers. There was no permanent population in the city, and up to 2,000 people lived there as part of the rotational shift. The period of decline of Oil Rocks began with the advent of cheaper Siberian oil, which made offshore production unprofitable. However, the seaside town still did not become a ghost town; at the beginning of 2000, major repair work began there and even the laying of new wells began.
Failed collider: abandoned particle accelerator, Protvino, Moscow region
In the late 80s, the Soviet Union planned to build a huge accelerator elementary particles. The Moscow region scientific center Protvino - the city of nuclear physicists - in those years was a powerful complex of physics institutes, where scientists from all over the world came. A circular tunnel 21 kilometers long was built, lying at a depth of 60 meters. It is still located near Protvino. They even began to deliver equipment into the already completed accelerator tunnel, but then a series of political upheavals struck, and the domestic “hadron collider” remained uninstalled.
The institutions of the city of Protvino maintain the satisfactory condition of this tunnel - an empty dark ring underground. There is a lighting system there, and there is a functioning narrow-gauge railway line. All sorts of commercial projects were proposed, such as an underground amusement park or even a mushroom farm. However, scientists are not giving this object away yet - perhaps they are hoping for the best.
THE USSR. Among them there are both strictly classified and not so classified. The economy of many newly formed countries did not allow the maintenance, provision and maintenance of the functioning of these strategic important complexes. Some states simply did not need them and did not consider it necessary to spend huge amounts of money on this from the federal treasury. This is how abandoned military installations appeared. Gradually they collapsed and became unusable.
Let's look at the most interesting abandoned military installations from the huge variety of complexes scattered throughout the forests and mountains, testifying to the former power of the collapsed empire. But this is only a small fraction of declassified structures...
Balaklava, Crimea
The submarine storage facility, located on the territory of Sevastopol, is striking in its scale. Under its arches, up to 14 large vessels could simultaneously be accommodated. Here is the abandoned military equipment, and details for it. This base was built in 1961, but it ceased to function in 1993, almost immediately after the collapse of the USSR. As knowledgeable people say, this place was a kind of transit point, where people went for repairs and recharging. submarines, ammunition was replenished here. The balaclava was built to last for centuries and, thanks to its advanced design, is capable of withstanding direct nuclear strikes. But today it has joined the list of “Abandoned military installations of the former Soviet Union.” Now there is little left of it, since the residents of the area have literally dismantled it into pieces. In 2002, local authorities announced their intention to create a museum in Balaklava, but things never went beyond talks.
Dvina missile silo, Kekava (Latvia)
Afterwards, many former republics received military facilities that they did not even know existed. For example, very close to Riga, in a thicket of forest, there are the remains of the powerful Dvina missile system. It was built back in 1964 and consisted of four spacious launch shafts, which were located at a depth of more than 34 meters. Currently, they are partially flooded, but any interested person can go down into them, accompanied by an experienced stalker, to see with their own eyes what abandoned military facilities are like. Although you should think carefully before going on such an excursion. They say that there is quite a lot left in the mines that, although not radioactive, is nevertheless poisonous.
Lopatinsky phosphorite mine (Moscow region)
Previously, this complex was a large deposit where minerals and other substances used in agriculture and industry. After 1993, the mine suspended its activities. All the equipment was left to rust... Thus, a huge field with giant excavator buckets became a place of pilgrimage for thousands of tourists from all over the world.
Ionosphere Research Station (Ukraine)
This complex, which is located near Kharkov, was built just a year before the collapse of the USSR and became a response to the creation of the famous American HAARP project in Alaska. The US analogue, by the way, still operates successfully to this day. The huge complex consisted of a giant parabolic antenna, the diameter of which was 25 meters, and several research fields. Now the abandoned military equipment remains in place, resembling a sad cemetery. The newly created Ukrainian state did not need this expensive and energy-consuming complex; now it is only of interest to hunters for non-ferrous metals, stalkers and tourists.
Sea city "Oil Rocks" (Azerbaijan)
In the 40s of the last century, the development of underwater deposits began here. They were carried out in the Caspian Sea, or more precisely, 42 kilometers from the Absheron Peninsula. Entire cities were built around the first platforms, which were based on metal overpasses and embankments. Thus, 110 kilometers from Baku, power plants, nine-story buildings, hospitals, schools and kindergartens were built in the middle of the water. There was also a bakery, a cultural center and even a lemonade production workshop. The oil workers even set up a small park with trees and green spaces. The city of Oil Rocks occupies more than 200 platforms, and the length of the streets as a whole is more than 350 kilometers.
Soon, more profitable Siberian oil became popular, which immediately made the maintenance of underwater offshore fields unprofitable. Gradually, the cities on the water became empty. Surprisingly, Oil Rocks cannot be called a ghost settlement, since more than two thousand people live in it to this day.
Abandoned particle accelerator (Moscow region)
At the end of the 80s of the last century, the Soviet Union, losing its political position, decided to implement an amazing plan. This is how the particle accelerator appeared. The ring tunnel, which was 21 kilometers long, ran at a depth of more than fifty meters. Geographically, it is located near the town of nuclear physicists Protvino. It is very close to Moscow - about a hundred kilometers along the Simferopol highway. Expensive equipment had already begun to be delivered into the prepared tunnel, but then perestroika began, and the Soviet “atomic collider” remained buried underground.
The location for it was selected based on geological considerations. The soil in this area was ideal for the construction of large-scale underground structures. The huge halls were connected to the outer parts by pipes up to 68 meters long. Giant cranes with a lifting capacity of up to 20 tons were installed above the well.
At one time, this development was nine years ahead of its American counterparts. But with the collapse there was no time left for research. The costs of creating a collider can be compared with the costs of a huge nuclear power plant.
Currently, there are various abandoned military units that were once a sign of the power of the state, and are now gradually being erased from the face of the earth. Unfortunately, it is almost impossible to restore them. Of particular interest are the extensive military facilities of the Leningrad region, some of which were classified: the fleet on Moshchny Island in the Kingisepp district, abandoned training grounds, catacombs, bomb shelters, ammunition factories, hangars and fortresses... On the one hand, it seems good that all this exists, and anyone interested in the history of their country can see these objects with their own eyes. On the other hand, they make a depressing impression: so much effort, and perhaps lives, were spent to create them, but now much has become unnecessary and abandoned...
Large area of former naval training ground. Disbanded in 2013. It consists of a semi-abandoned town, now inhabited by civilians, an active part and a completely abandoned training center. The training center is large and consists of three buildings connected by passages. In the central one there is a huge hall with an entrance for motorized equipment. There are many offices inside, but almost all are looted and empty. There are only a few navigation aids left...
It is impossible to say for sure whether the car wash was put into operation, but it was intended for large cars and, most likely, belonged to a nearby military unit. The large washing box was designed for two lines, and the washing had to be done automatically. The facility is now completely abandoned. There is a basement and access to the roof, but there is already a risk of being noticed by the military. The condition leaves much to be desired...
The air unit was disbanded in the summer of 2011. The airfield infrastructure under the Russian Ministry of Defense has been mothballed. The territory is large, there are many buildings and hangars, most of them are in disrepair. no security was seen, local residents were indifferent. A pack of stray dogs has been spotted, but they are friendly.
A military unit located on the outskirts of a town near Moscow. Purpose - storage of medicines and various medical equipment. Most of the territory is occupied by concrete hangars and warehouses. There are also a couple of barracks and outbuildings. All buildings on the territory are open, almost all of them contain remains medical supplies, medical journals, various civil defense property. There are no military personnel or security. Near one of the warehouses, local summer residents...
Abandoned radio technical center (RTC) of the S-25 system. Located on the second air defense ring. Call sign "Kindness". The condition is typical for all objects from the S-25 era: the equipment was dismantled many years ago, the metal was cut off. There are no security or military personnel. Local summer residents bring construction waste to the area near the RTC.
A separate territory of an active military unit. It consists of several hangars, a parking lot for equipment and an abandoned checkpoint with rusty gates. It can be seen that the site is often visited by the military. The military unit itself is located nearby. It is highly not recommended to come close; if you are noticed, they will be well noticed. You can approach the property through garages or through a concrete road and a path leading from it. Tver region, not Moscow.
An aircraft maintenance hangar on the territory of an abandoned airfield. In the central part of the building there are two KAMAZ trucks, both in good condition. On 3 of the 4 sides of the building there are two-story Technical buildings. In them you can find many books, mountains of documentation, as well as various instruments, spare parts and mechanisms. In the building itself there are a lot of old posters, charts, etc. on the walls. There is an assembly hall, a podium for speeches, and work spaces. All...
It would seem that more than 70 years have passed since the end of the Great Patriotic War, and the echoes of this terrible event are no longer so clearly felt. But still, even to this day, there are still places where the war seemed to have stopped, froze. Warehouses of abandoned equipment from the times of the Great Patriotic War can be found in many regions of Russia.
Equipment in the Moscow region
Entire columns of abandoned cars, tanks, guns and other unique military equipment and armored vehicles from the Great Patriotic War can be found in various parts of our country. Residents of the Moscow region discovered such a warehouse of abandoned equipment in the depths of the forest while picking mushrooms in the fall. Forgotten, abandoned equipment in the Moscow region, covered with moss in some places from long standing, covered with leaves, as if it did not participate in hostilities, did not contribute to the Victory, is left in this place forever. Open doors, abandoned equipment, and the disorderly placement of some combat vehicles indicate that they were left hastily, without even saying goodbye, without bothering to thank their iron friend for his faithful service. The abandoned equipment is in different states: mostly broken, and some even in combat readiness. The rows of abandoned cars are endless. Being here is like being in a cemetery. Only these are planes and tanks. And this case is far from the only one where abandoned equipment is found in the forests of the Moscow region.
Sunken equipment
A lot of military equipment sank during the war in the rivers, swamps and lakes of Russia. This once irreplaceable, and subsequently sunken, abandoned equipment, which at one time served humanity with great service, now sleeps in eternal sleep at the bottom of a lake or swamp, rusts, and becomes overgrown with mud. Currently, cases have become more frequent when sunken military equipment is found and its recovery from the bottom of a reservoir is organized.
Photos of abandoned equipment that the military left near the Moscow region can be seen in the article.
Military archeology
Military archeology is search activity at battle sites during the Great Patriotic War. Search activities are carried out by special teams. Buried in the ground, sunken at the bottom of rivers, swamps and lakes, search engines find damaged or sunken equipment: airplanes, tanks and other types - as well as personal belongings of soldiers and officers. The obtained trophies help to restore the full picture of a particular battle. But search engines do excavations rather in commercial purposes. Collectors are willing to pay huge amounts of money for the rarities they obtain - ammunition, personal weapons or military awards. And abandoned military equipment picked up by search engines often finds a second life thanks to the work of restorers and, after repair, continues to live in the country’s museums.
Legendary T-34
The symbol of the Great Patriotic War, the legendary T-34 tank or, as it is also called, “thirty-four”, is installed as a monument in many cities of Russia. As a combat and labor relic of the Great Patriotic War, this armored vehicle became a real nightmare for German troops. Undoubtedly, this tank had a great influence on the outcome of the war, made a significant contribution to the Victory and brought glory to the great Soviet army. Therefore, special regret arises when you see this legend, the former power, strength, pride of our troops abandoned, unfairly forgotten somewhere in a deep forest, under the open sky, or left to rot and rust at the bottom of a river or swamp. Some examples of the T-34 were luckier; they stand in museums as exhibits, but many remained standing in the same place where they were disabled by the enemy as a result of hostilities.
Outdated technology
Not only in but throughout the history of mankind there is a constant race of all existing states to invent the latest technical means. Consequently, even if military equipment went through all military operations without breakdowns or significant “injuries,” it cannot serve forever. Modernization is taking place in the field of mechanical engineering, old military equipment is becoming obsolete. It is being replaced by newer models with more advanced characteristics. Therefore, outdated military equipment that has served its purpose “dies” and goes to rest, forming huge cemeteries of metal bodies, washed by rain, like tears.
Locations of abandoned equipment
Abandoned equipment in Russia is not only military equipment left on the battlefield from the time of the Great Patriotic War or warehouses of outdated, worn-out mechanisms, to replace which other, more modern machines were invented. A lot of abandoned construction equipment is located in northern regions our country. Due to climatic conditions, as well as the difficult terrain of these places and the almost complete absence of roads, various tractors, tractors, and cars are left here to their fate. IN Chelyabinsk region In the local Serebryansky quarry, which previously was and is currently engaged (albeit in very small volumes) in the extraction of facing flagstone, you can find abandoned equipment. Mainly different types excavators, which over time have grown into the ground with their buckets and tracks.
If desired, a huge amount of abandoned military and civilian equipment can be found by exploring the vast expanses of our country. And if these areas are unsecured or insufficiently secured, the cars become easy targets for scrap metal collectors.
