Military corvette. Corvette-class multi-purpose maritime zone ship “Savvy. Corvettes are ready for upgrades

Traditionally, the names of patrol ships are selected in the form of adjective parts of speech, which sometimes leads to very apt names. For example, “Guardian” was the first creation in Project 20380, the initial symbol in the class of patrol ships. “Boikiy” is already a more thorough and successful work of shipbuilders, which became the serial third on the list. Decades later, the time for the famous “Reasonable” is coming - because if the ship becomes truly mass-produced, this will be the best demonstration that the choice of direction for new classes of corvettes for the country was made correctly.

Patrol ships, as a class in coastal areas since the times of the Soviet Union, are exactly that well-known, empty place for decades. Why this happened can be found out by reading the history of Novik, a Project 12441 ship.

So, in the early 1990s, project 12440 was approved, which was designed using the latest technologies of that time with:

• Gas turbine power plant with two propulsion and two afterburning engines;
• The hull and superstructure were made with the addition of composite materials, which gave low radar signature, meeting stealth technologies;
• The most modern and promising at that time anti-aircraft missile system“Polyment / Redoubt,” a hangar in which an anti-submarine helicopter was permanently based.

Later, three years later, adjustments to the project caused by the collapse of the Union were completed. Because of this, many prospective suppliers suddenly became foreign. The project had to be modernized several times during construction. We worked to improve the ship's running and combat parameters. At the same time, they worked on its displacement, and it significantly exceeded the initial characteristics of the task. “Novik” managed to come close to the classes of ships that are capable of long-term patrols and escorting ships, while still having excessive parameters for service in coastal waters.

As a result, the most technically advanced Russian ship was dealt with as often happens: it was reclassified as a training ship, but was never completed. Something similar happened with another project 11540. It was Neustrashimy, which was developed in the 1970s. It was conceived as a small anti-submarine ship with a displacement of eight hundred tons, but over several years it increased to one and a half thousand, then to two thousand, and with a helicopter it reached two and a half tons, finding itself in the sea zone. As a result, Neustrashimy was launched only twenty years later.

Of course, it is not difficult for the fast, well-protected and armed Novik to cope with all sorts of tasks in coastal waters. Its critical drawback was the cost. Although, when protecting maritime borders, as well as in order to respond in a timely manner to any local territorial conflict, it is necessary to take a closer look at patrol ships, there should be an optimal number of them.

As a result, at the very end of the nineties, a competition was announced to develop lighter and cheaper patrol ships. It was won by the Almaz Central Marine Design Bureau, which designed the Novik.

Project 20380 ships of the “Steregushchy” type, and later “Boikiy” and “Stoikiy”, promised to be the basis Russian Navy in coastal waters. Moreover, despite the great cheapness in relation to the Novik, it, without a doubt, has become the most innovative and technically advanced project in the domestic fleet.

Among the innovations, one can note the appearance of redesigned hull contours, and with them a decrease in hydrodynamic resistance, a helicopter hangar, for the first time placed on such a small ship. The most important breakthrough was achieved in the use of a unified information complex for the control of weapons and electrical equipment. At the same time, the ships received new class designations corresponding to the time and international terminology. These were no longer patrol boats, but corvettes.

Inconspicuous, streamlined - “invisible”

Compared to previous ones, Project 20380 is now called successful. Some journalists were even lucky to climb aboard the Boykiy, which stood at the factory berth of the Severnaya Verf shipyard when the final stage of factory testing was underway. Others, Steregushchiy and Soobrazitelny, are already in service with the Russian Navy. Several more corvettes, including the Stoiky, were laid down by the Severnaya Verf and the Amur Shipyard.

The main components of the success of Project 20380 were the carefully designed structures in the housing, as well as a unified electronic automation complex. This was mainly expressed in combat qualities, the composition of weapons, and comfort for the crew, as well as reliability, maintainability and the ability to modernize the vehicles.

They worked on the contours in the steel hull of the ship without having any experience in their development. However, everything went so well that they managed to reduce the hydrodynamic resistance by 25%. Thanks to this, a light main power plant was used, not such a powerful one. This entailed the release of more than 15% of the displacement and increased the combat load, as well as a substantial list of various weapons for a 1,500-ton ship, including a helipad. Moreover, there was a place for the Ka-27 anti-submarine helicopter, space for a hangar and twenty tons of fuel for the helicopter.

Improved seaworthiness of the corvette made it possible to use its weapons in seas of five points, which is two points more than its predecessors. In addition, a weaker power plant could operate more quietly, which reduced the visibility of the ship in hydroacoustic ranges. To reduce engine noise, techniques tested on submarines were used.

The main power plant consists of two diesel-diesel units, which were specially developed at the Kolomensky Plant, using the proven microprocessor-controlled D49 diesel engine as a basis. The power of the main power plant can reach up to 24,000 horsepower. With four diesel generators of 630 kW each, the on-board network is provided from each of them.

“Guardian” is not called “invisible” for nothing. During construction, the principles of stealth technologies were applied, which are an indispensable attribute in modern ships of such classes. The wide ship superstructure was made of low-flammability radio-absorbing glass-carbon fiber. The antenna posts with missile weapons were removed inside the hull. They did the right thing with the Package-NK, four-tube 330-mm torpedo tubes: they hid them in the ports. In total, the average circular effective scattering surface in the ship was reduced threefold when compared with its predecessors. Thanks to this, the probability of targeting and hitting it with anti-ship cruise missiles decreased from 0.5 to 0.1.

Hand in hand

The introduction of a unified combat information and control system can be called the main innovation in Project 20380, which influenced the tactical characteristics of ships, the crew’s accommodation, the reliability of all technical equipment, as well as the rapid modernization of weapons. Previously, the systems were located in different places on the ship, and all coordination was entrusted to the crew. This is now entrusted to the integrated bridge system, which controls all ship systems, from mechanical to weapons.

There are also a couple of components in the integrated bridge system:

• Missile and anti-submarine warfare control section;
• Section for control of radar warfare and illumination of air, surface and underwater conditions.

The first section has three posts located hand in hand right next to the captain's bridge. These are the places of work of warhead commanders. One is engaged in anti-submarine warfare, and the second is in charge of the anti-ship complex. Appearance their posts are almost the same. It consists of large screens that display information about targets and combat systems. The corvette commander and the watch officer have the same screens.

The third warhead commander coordinates all weapons systems, and also issues recommendations to the ship commander in cases of weapon use. An important aspect is the fact that the ship’s commander, the helmsman, the watch officer, as well as the warhead commanders are within the walls of the same room, and this contributes to the lightning-fast adoption of coordinated decisions and their immediate execution.

Corvettes are equipped with weapons coordination systems and multiple target detection systems. The technical aspects are almost unknown, but it is noted that each new system on the new ship it becomes even stronger.

Its essence is that information about air, surface and underwater conditions, about detected targets and communications, is concentrated as a single center and is also processed. The system determines the dangerous level of the target and makes a decision on the type of weapon that needs to be used. Then this information is sent at lightning speed to nearby ships, helicopters and airplanes for the general coordination of further activities.

It would be logical to use such a system in interaction with helicopters, which are invulnerable to submarines, and the use of active hydroacoustic detection means has an advantage over ships undeniable advantages when lighting underwater conditions. The maximum automation of all ship systems led to a manifold reduction in the time required to make any decision, as well as facilitating the work of the crew and reducing its number to one hundred military personnel.

Corvettes are ready for upgrades

Integrated information networks on ships entail additional benefits, related to reliable, maintainable and high-speed modernization of equipment. Industrial and research organizations from all over Russia were involved in the process of building corvettes, and there were thousands of them, but with modern electronic technologies many components have been reduced and lightened.

Modular ship concepts provide for the possible installation of the latest weapons as they become operational. In particular, if the title ship of Project 20380 “Steregushchy” was equipped with the Kortik-M anti-aircraft missile system, “Boikiy” acquired a more modern and more powerful “Redut”, and “Stoikiy” received even more advanced weapons.

Corvette "Staudy"

Corvette "Stoikiy" is the third production corvette in Project 20380, built for the Baltic Fleet. This is already a fundamentally new ship for the Russian Navy, performance characteristics and whose combat properties are an order of magnitude superior to similar ships in their class.

The most important feature of the Corvette is that it is sharper, multifunctional, flexible, compact, unobtrusive, with high level automated and integrated systems. The project provides significant potential for its further modernization. The project 20380 corvette with a displacement of more than two thousand tons, a length of one hundred meters and a width of thirteen meters reaches a speed of up to twenty-seven knots. The range of sea crossings that the ship can make has been increased to four thousand nautical miles. The ship is no longer as loud as its predecessors were.

The corvette is armed with a hundred-millimeter universal artillery system and an anti-aircraft missile and artillery system. In addition, it is armed with supersonic missiles and automatic artillery mounts. The air group of this ship, however, as in previous corvettes, included one Ka-27PL helicopter. The ship received strict appearance, which meets all modern requirements of Stealth technologies.

Serial, but different in their uniqueness, corvettes

As often happens with all new projects, the ships encountered a lot of criticism along their paths. Basically, the insufficient cruising range was criticized. However, this is still due to the fact that previously the class of corvettes itself was generally absent in Russian arsenal Navy. Skeptics should understand that the very list of tasks facing the Navy has changed significantly. Today, having dozens of corvettes at your disposal is much more important than owning one at a time. large quantities ocean destroyers.

Discussions often arose over the ship's weapons; security and survivability were raised in doubt. However, it is also difficult to pay attention to these qualities if you do not have at least a general idea of ​​the tactical schemes that characterize the corvette classes themselves. Although the project itself is promising, it is not yet perfect.

In the first few years of service and combat activity on the Steregushchy, problems appeared twice with the main power plant. These emergency situations became the pretext for comparing the “diesel-diesel” with the gas turbine engine, which is more reliable and lighter, but incomparably more expensive.

Also, the corvette “Boiky” was unable to immediately enter service when problems were discovered in the 100-millimeter gun mount. “Universal” refused to operate under normal conditions, and not only on Project 20380 itself. The same fate befell the Indian frigate from the Russian manufacturer.

At JSC " ", in the city of St. Petersburg on March 31, 2010, the first production corvette of Project 20380 was launched. Savvy" The project was developed at the Federal State Unitary Enterprise Central Marine Design Bureau " Diamond" In building Project 20380 corvette more than 70 research and development industrial enterprises Russian Federation.

The project is fully responsive modern trends world shipbuilding and is the optimal combination of a high degree of ship armament with minimal displacement and high dynamic qualities. The purpose of a corvette is, in wartime, to combat enemy air attack weapons and provide artillery support for landings during amphibious assaults. IN Peaceful time security state border and economic zone.

multi-purpose corvette-class maritime zone ship "Steregushchy"

corvette "Steregushchy" at the celebration of Russian Navy Day in St. Petersburg

The basis for the functioning of any ship is the information system. The Project 20380 corvette is equipped with complexes that provide illumination of surface, air and underwater conditions. The air situation lighting complex includes a radar " Fourque-2» with a detection range of up to 110 km. The surface illumination complex includes target designation radar stations " Monument-A", providing information on surface targets in active mode with normal radar visibility up to 45 km, with increased visibility up to 90 km. In the presence of superdiffraction effect up to 250 km. In passive mode, the station allows you to determine the operation of operating transmitting devices surface ships depending on the frequency range and potential of radio-electronic equipment, from 50 to 500 km.

As part of the underwater lighting complex corvette « Savvy» includes hydroacoustic station (GAS) « Zarya-2» located in the nose bulb fairing with energy detection range submarines up to 19 km, GAS " Vignette-M"with a flexible towed antenna, operating in passive mode to detect submarines with a range of up to 20 km, in active mode up to 60 km, search sonar station " Anapa-M"and radio-acoustic buoys of a helicopter, which is part of the air wing corvette project 20380, and allow you to detect targets in the underwater environment using anti-submarine weapons.

The most important system corvette « Savvy» is an integrated GKP formed on the basis automated system management " Sigma-20830", which ensures the collection and processing of information in all types of situations, both from own sources information and from interacting forces; assessment of the situation and development of decisions for the conduct of combat operations of both a single ship and a tactical group; ensuring tactical and information interaction with other forces; ensuring the use of weapons individually and as part of a group; tactical maneuvering and navigation safety.

The basis of combat power corvette « Savvy" is his weapon. The ship's armament includes complexes balanced by target designation sources and is represented by:

Anti-ship missile system - « Uranus"with a firing range of 130 km and 8 units of ammunition;
- anti-aircraft missile system " Kortik-M"with a missile range of 1500-8000 m, and a rate of fire of up to 3000 rounds;
- anti-aircraft artillery mount AK-630M with a caliber of 30 mm and a damage zone of up to 4000 m;
-automatic artillery mount A-190 with a caliber of 100 mm and a firing range of up to 21.3 km;
-anti-submarine weapons: 324 mm torpedo tubes and a KA-27PL helicopter;
-fight against PDSS;

As the experience of wars and conflicts without the presence of ship electronic suppression means it is not possible to effectively organize air defense, therefore the Project 20380 corvette is equipped with the TK-25-2 electronic suppression complex, which ensures the detection of operating shipborne assets and aircraft radars and heads for creating active jamming. For missiles to escape to a false target on warship a complex of fired close-range jammers “PK-10” is provided, consisting of four launchers with 89 rounds of ammunition. Feature of this project is to ensure the basing of the KA-27PL anti-submarine helicopter.

Project corvette « Steregushchiy" was developed using the most modern design technologies using " " technology. The radar signature of the ship is reduced due to the use of fire-resistant fiberglass plastics with radio absorption properties as the superstructure material, as well as due to architectural layout hull and superstructure, placement of the main antenna posts inside radio-transparent masts.

The design features of the new ships include a modified design of the underwater part of the hull, which made it possible to use a less powerful and at the same time lighter power plant and as a result led to a decrease in displacement ship up to 15 percent. The engineers also managed to minimize the noise level of the power plant mechanisms based on the technologies and principles used during the construction of the " Lada».

The warship perfectly combines powerful weapons and reduced displacement without compromising its performance and seaworthiness. has a number of new technical solutions allowing it to stand out qualitatively among similar ships

Lead ship this project " Steregushchiy"was laid down on December 21, 2001 at OJSC " Shipyard "Severnaya Verf"", in October 2008, entered the combat composition of the Baltic Fleet of the Russian Navy. Later, three ships of the same type were laid down on the stocks of this shipyard. Savvy» May 20, 2003 and became the first production ship project 20380, corvette « glib» July 27, 2005 and corvette « Persistent» November 10, 2006, and corvette « Perfect"was laid down on the slipway of the Amur Shipyard on June 30, 2006 in Komsomolsk-on-Amur.

New corvettes should become the basis of the Russian Navy in the near sea zone. The command of the Russian Navy assesses the fleet's need for ships of the " corvette"in 20 units.

Technical characteristics of the corvette “Soobrazitelny” project 20380:
Length - 104.5 m;
Width - 13 m;
Draft - 3.7 m;
Displacement - 2220 tons;
Power point- diesel type “16D49”;
Power - 23320 l. With.;
Speed ​​- 27 knots;
Cruising range - 4000 miles;
Autonomy - 15 days;
Crew - 99 people;
Armament:
Anti-ship missile system - "Uran" - 8 units;
Anti-aircraft missile system "Kortik-M" - 1;
Anti-aircraft artillery mount AK-630M 30 mm - 2;
Automatic artillery mount A-190 100 mm - 1;
Torpedo tubes 324 mm - 2;
Helicopter KA-27PL - 1;

The ship under the loud name “Rattling” is a Project 20385 corvette, which was preparing to be laid down in February 2012. In parallel, the development of an analogue of the “Agile” was carried out. The process began at the location in St. Petersburg. The solemn ceremony visited by high ranks of the Russian armed forces. This project is directly focused on the construction of military vessels, the arsenal of which includes the most modern offensive and defensive weapons.

Development and construction

The project 20385 corvette is an improved version of a similar design under the designation 20380, with the introduction of fundamentally new technological and design solutions. in St. Petersburg signed a contract to create four ships of this category, two of which are already ready. In parallel, work is being carried out in Komsomolsk-on-Amur. New ships must become as reliable as possible in terms of attack, including the use the latest tools air defense.

The corvette of Project 20385 (“Thundering”) was developed by the Almaz design bureau. The predicted home port of the ships after completion is the Northern Fleet. The project under consideration is significantly more advanced than its predecessor. This is especially true for tactical and technical parameters, weapons, combat and maneuvering capabilities. In theory, manufacturers plan to build ten similar corvettes for the Russian Navy. This will make it possible to significantly increase defense capability in terms of protecting the maritime border. It is worth noting that composite materials are used in the production of ships, and the cost of their production and delivery was at least half a million rubles.

Features and usage

20385 is a project of a new generation corvette intended for multi-purpose use. Its main task is to detect and destroy enemy surface ships or submarines. The combat vessel also serves for landing troops, protecting the coastal zone, and escorting other ships.

In addition to artillery and missile weapons, there are radar and sonar systems on board. The installation of a hangar for the Ka-27 helicopter expands the capabilities of the warship. This significantly increases the combat effectiveness of the vessel, allowing timely detection of enemy targets. Additional protection against detection of the Project 20385 corvette is the use of special technologies in the design that minimize their radar detection. Reliability and maneuverability in any conditions are guaranteed by composite components from FSUE Prometey, which have proven their importance in previous similar developments.

Technical indicators

Below are the characteristics of the Project 20385 corvette:

• Length/width of the ship - 104/13 m.
• The displacement is 2200 tons.
• Speed ​​threshold - 27 knots.
• The vessel's autonomy indicator is 15 days.
• The distance covered is 5600 km.
• Power units - diesel engines 1DDA-12000.
• The number of crew members is 99 people.

The artillery weapons on board are represented by the A-190-01 installation (100 mm caliber). There is a universal missile system "Caliber", machine guns, anti-aircraft guns of the "Redut" type, acoustic and radar bases, anti-submarine weapons "Package" and reinforcement in the form of a Ka-27 helicopter.

Hull and superstructure

The Gremyashchiy corvette is the lead ship in the newest project 20385. Its hull is predominantly made of steel and has a smooth deck. Innovative design solutions have improved resistance to oncoming water by 25 percent and reduced loads on the main electrical installation.

The new design of the underwater part of the hull allows the use of a power plant with less weight, and this frees up the displacement parameter by about 20 percent. In this regard, the ship’s combat equipment can be significantly strengthened. An additional advantage is the increase in speed by two knots.

The superstructure of the swimming combat vehicle is made of non-flammable composite components. They include fiberglass and carbon fiber-based polymers. This system makes it possible to achieve a small detection radius by location stations and systems. The stern is equipped with a special hangar and platform for the placement and take-off of the Ka-27 helicopter. Its fuel reserve is about 20 tons. Project 20380 and Project 20385 corvettes are strikingly different in equipment and armament in favor of the latter option.

Power plant

Previously, the main power unit was supposed to be German MTU type engines. Subsequently, following countermeasures for import substitution, it was decided to use domestically produced engines. The order was sent to specialists from JSC Zvezda and the Kolomna plant. As a result, the Project 20385 corvette was equipped with a pair of DDA-1200 diesel units.

Each unit includes two motors and a reversible gearbox. They have an automatic control system and microprocessors. The characteristics of the power plants are given below:

• Working life - at least 15 thousand engine hours.
• The average cruising range, taking into account a speed of 14 knots, is 4,000 nautical miles.
• The material of the piston base is heat-resistant steel type EI-415.
• The basis of the power units is AK-6 aluminum alloy.
• The power rating of each generator is 630 kW.
• Current requirement - 50 Hz (380 watts).

These installations make it possible to provide a high percentage of power with a minimum of fuel and oil consumption, while reducing the hydroacoustic signature of the ship.

Ship radio equipment

The project 20385 corvette "Gremyashchiy" has the following radio equipment:

• System "Sigma" (BIUS).
• Automatic communication unit "Ruberoid".
• Targeting complex "Monument".
• General detection station "Furke-2".
• OGAS node "Anapa-M".

These devices make it possible to reduce the probability of detecting a vessel by three times and operate in a mode from 64 to 2000 MHz. They are able to identify over two hundred intended targets, and also resist enemy missile systems, providing protection for the ship. Four contribute to this launchers to neutralize “Bold” type interference. Coordination actions to control the helicopter are carried out using a special navigation tower OSP-20380.

Armament

The vessels in question are equipped with several types of weapons. Among them:

1. A pair of combat anti-ship installations with four launch systems and 8 missiles. The launch containers are located in the middle part of the body (longitudinally along the diameter of the platform). The maximum target engagement range is 260 km.
2. Anti-aircraft weapons, which consist of the Redut system with three modular installations, the Igla mobile complex, thirty-millimeter guns with six barrels (mounted on the stern).
3. Complex "Rubezh".
4. A pair of 330 mm caliber guns against torpedoes (Packet-N system).
5. 100-mm artillery mount A-190. Its rate of fire is about 80 launches per minute. The Puma control system allows you to control aiming and shooting itself.
6. Anti-submarine helicopter Ka-27.

The Project 20385 corvette, the photo of which is shown below, can launch projectiles aimed at hitting not only enemy submarines and surface vessels, but also oncoming torpedoes.

Seaworthiness parameters

The ship in question has increased seaworthiness compared to its analogues and predecessors. In this case, the load on vibrations during lateral motion does not matter. This opportunity gives the right to freely use all ammunition even in sea conditions of up to 5 points.

The designers paid special attention to the survivability of the ship. The developers used the latest technologies and composite materials. This made it possible to significantly reduce the radar signature of the ship. The Gremyashchiy corvette of Russian corvette project 20385 is the first of its kind to be equipped with polymer materials with high absorption of radio pulses and non-standard architectural design.

As a result, the detection and circular dispersion factor decreased by almost three times (compared to analogues). Additional protection provide complexes aimed at blocking enemy attack weapons.

What modifications were developed?

According to the initial plan, it was planned to develop and build four main corvettes of Project 20385. “Gremyashchiy,” the photo of which is presented above, became the flagship and a single vessel, the construction of which continued in this direction. In addition, the following modifications were designed:

1. Border patrol corvette (20380P).
2. Export version equipped with minimal weapons. It was supposed to have the option of changing ammunition to foreign analogues.
3. "Prompt". It was purposefully prepared for the Black Sea Fleet and had improved equipment and weapons.
4. An upgraded version with the ability to mount the Horizon combat mount.

The names of the ships are no less sonorous: “Zealous” and “Strict”.

Project 20385 corvette “Agile”

This vessel is assigned serial number 1006. It is the second hull of the project under consideration. The laying of the series also took place at the Northern Shipyard of the shipbuilding plant in St. Petersburg.

The event was attended by Admiral Vysotsky, fleet commanders of all levels, as well as other high-ranking officials and honored guests. The development of this project began in the spring of 2013. The Provorny differs from previous models in its large displacement (2200 tons) and dimensions. The length of the ship is 105 meters, and the beam and draft are 13 and 8 meters, respectively. The equipment in the weapons is also an order of magnitude different from its predecessors, thanks to the possibility of installing the Caliber-NK systems, Redut and Package complexes. It is planned to be based on the deck of a Ka-27PL helicopter.

Peculiarities

A very important difference between the ship in question is the presence of an optocoupler-type mast, which serves to control radar devices and increases the possibility of detecting enemy targets, and also helps strengthen the combat caravan, guaranteeing escort and identification of sea and aircraft. A significant role in this is played by the radar and control unit of the Puma type.

Judging by the commentary of the leading engineer of the Almaz central design bureau, K. Golubev, development in terms of new naval ship construction is also being carried out according to an improved program under the index 20386. The project is focused on the maximum provision of domestic weapons, although the details of the construction still remain secret.

As stated by Deputy Minister of Defense of Russia Yu. Borisov, by 2020 it is planned to produce at least 16 corvettes of the class in question. The main production facilities are concentrated at the shipyard in St. Petersburg and the Amur Shipbuilding Plant.

Experts think that the main problem in the construction of such ships is the compatibility of the latest weapons in large quantities and the cost of the final version. Designers continue to work to bring this figure to the optimal level.

Bottom line

The Project 20385 corvette, the characteristics of which are given above, has the most modern weapons and a multifunctional focus. As part of this event, the construction of only one of the representatives (“Thundering”) continues. The remaining vessels are being developed according to an updated design. This is due to the rise in cost of the ship, which is not always justified by the presence of heavy weapons different types. The developers, despite the delay in replacing foreign power plants with domestic analogues, say that all planned work is being carried out according to the planned schedule.

Corvette is a class of warships designed for patrol and patrol service in the coastal zone. The main tasks of corvettes are considered to be patrolling and anti-submarine defense of the coast. This, however, does not exclude their direct participation in military conflicts. Heirs to the missile boats of the second half of the 20th century, modern corvettes successfully combine versatility and reasonable cost. Powerful missile weapons, underbody and towed sonar systems, air defense systems, stealth technologies, combat Information Systems, multifunctional radars, UAVs, helicopters. The displacement of modern corvettes exceeds the military destroyers of the Second World War, and in terms of combat capabilities, the “babies” are not inferior to ships of a higher rank.

Here is a short overview of the world's five best representatives of the Corvette class. Their sizes vary by thousands of tons, and their characteristics are “tailored” to the needs of their fleets and the conditions of specific seas. However, they are all united by the common idea of ​​a small multifunctional coastal combat ship.

Project 20350 "Steregushchy" and its further development pr. 20385 (Russia)
In service - 4. Under construction - 4 + 2 more corvettes, Project 20385. Plan - 18 units.

Length 90 m. Displacement (full) > 2200 tons. Crew 99 people. Full speed 27 knots. Cruising range - 3500 miles at a speed of 14 knots. Armament (serial ships pr. 20380):
- three modules of the 3K96 "Redut" air defense system (12 launch cells). B/c 12 long-range anti-aircraft missiles or 48 short-range anti-aircraft missiles. On the modernized corvettes of Project 20385, the number of air defense units should increase to 16;
- eight small-sized anti-ship missiles X-35 "Uran";
- small-sized anti-submarine complex "Packet-NK" (8 torpedoes of 324 mm caliber);
- universal A-190 gun of 100 mm caliber, two six-barreled AK-630M assault rifles;
- landing pad and hangar in the aft part of the superstructure to accommodate the Ka-27PL helicopter;
- anti-sabotage means of protection, large-caliber small arms.

“If you put ten guns on an 8-gun ship, six of them can fire them” (an old British rule).

Despite the overload and weapons inadequate for its class, the domestic project 20380 turned out to be a success. The Steregushchy's capabilities go far beyond the traditional tasks for corvette-class ships, and its shortcomings (the weak Furke-2 radar was unable to provide target illumination at long distances) are only a consequence of attempts to duplicate the tasks of larger frigates and destroyers.

The excessive power of the Russian corvette is explained by a good desire to quickly get a ship in the ocean zone in conditions of an acute shortage of ships and stagnation of domestic shipbuilding at the beginning of the 21st century. You can be proud of the result. Newest technologies and noble lines with traces of stealth technology: Steregushchiy-class corvettes are the harbingers of a new look for the Russian Navy.

Corvette "Boikiy", in place of the "Kortik" air defense system, the launch cells of the "Redut" air defense system are visible. In the background are his predecessors, small anti-submarine ships Ave. 1124

Visby-class stealth corvettes (Sweden)

There are 5 units in service.

Combined diesel-gas turbine power plant, full speed 35 knots. Cruising range - 2300 miles at a speed of 15 knots. Armament: universal Bofors gun of 57 mm caliber, 8 small-sized RBS-15 anti-ship missiles, two twin 400 mm caliber torpedoes (anti-submarine torpedoes Tr 43 and Tr 45, specially designed for the shallow depths of the Baltic), a helipad, uninhabited underwater vehicles for searching for mines and enemy submarines. Underwater lighting means include three sonars for various purposes (underwater, towed and lowered). In the aft part of the superstructure, space is reserved for a helicopter hangar or air defense system; space for a block of 127 mm unguided missiles (ALECTO anti-submarine system, whose development was discontinued in 2007) remains unclaimed. There is tech. opportunity to lay minefields.

Visby is certainly impressive. The stealth corvette, whose appearance was supposed to change the balance of power in the Baltic and become a revolution in the field of military shipbuilding. The Swedish ship is ideally suited for operating in narrow skerries and searching for submarines in the shallow waters of the Gulf of Bothnia. It is unobtrusive, fast, versatile, relatively cheap, and at the same time has an outstanding set of tools for monitoring the underwater situation.

However, many questions remain: existing form"Visby" is practically defenseless from air attacks (the capabilities of the only "Bofors", electronic warfare and MANPADS are clearly not enough to repel any serious air threat). On the other hand, corvettes serve in the coastal zone, under the cover of the Swedish Air Force. The small signature of their physical fields allows them to safely close in on the enemy to strike within 10 miles while remaining undetected ("zone of advantage").

Corvettes "Type 056" (China)

Built - 23 units. 7 are being built. Plans include: 43 Type 056 corvettes and at least 20 modernized Type 056A.

Length 89 m. Displacement (full) 1440 tons. Crew 60 people. Full speed 28 knots. Cruising range at operational speed 18 knots. - 3500 miles. Armament: universal 76 mm caliber gun, 4 small-sized S-803 anti-ship missiles, HQ-10 self-defense air defense missile system (8-charge unit on a rotating carriage), two built-in 324 mm torpedo tubes, 2 automatic cal. 30 mm, helipad, no hangar.

Everything is too obvious. The only thing left to add is that there are a lot of them.

Corvettes of the "Brunschweig" type (Germany)

5 units built.

Length 89 m. Displacement (full) 1840 tons. Crew 60 people. Full speed 26 knots. Cruising range 4000 miles at a speed of 15 knots. Armament: OTO Melara universal gun of 76 mm caliber, 4 small-sized RBS-15 anti-ship missiles, two RAM self-defense air defense systems (21-charge unit, missiles with thermal seeker), 2 MLG installations with remote control(27 mm automatic guns). The dimensions of the Braunschweig helipad allow it to accept any anti-submarine helicopter (SeaKing, NH90), but their permanent deployment is not provided. At the rear of the corvette there is a hangar with limited dimensions to accommodate two Camcopter S100 reconnaissance and attack drones.

Strict Teutonic silhouette in “thunder gray” color. A German corvette is missing stars from the sky. It is durable, reliable and best suited to its current tasks. Patrolling coastal waters, without unnecessary “show-off” and attempts to appear better than he is.

At the same time, German engineers have something to be proud of. In addition to the centimeter range radar, the corvette detection system includes the MIRADOR optoelectronic complex for all-weather monitoring of the situation in the infrared range. The Braunschweig has another interesting detail - the MASS (Multi-Ammunition Softkill System) active jamming complex, capable of shooting numerous decoys that can deceive the seeker of any missile. MASS interferes in all possible ranges (thermal, optical, UV, laser, radar).

Littoral combat ship LCS (USA)

There are 4 units in service. 7 are under construction. Plans include 20 LCS ships.

Data provided for LCS "Independence": Length 127 m. Displacement (full) 3100 tons. The permanent crew is 40 people, with rooms reserved on board for 75 people. Full speed (practical) 44 knots. Cruising range 4300 miles at operational speed 18 knots. Armament: 57 mm caliber Bofors universal gun, SeaRAM self-defense air defense system, two 30 mm Bushmaster II automatic cannons, 50 caliber machine guns. Most of the ship is dedicated to a huge flight deck and helicopter hangar. The modular design of the LCS allows you to combine equipment depending on the current mission (towed hydroacoustic means, underwater vehicles for searching for mines, anti-sabotage means, electronic reconnaissance equipment, etc.). Free space on the upper deck can also be used to accommodate target loads in non-standard positions. In practice, this is expressed in the installation of missile launch containers - from the small Hellfire to the Norwegian-made Kronsberg NSM anti-ship missile.

High-speed stealth trimaran, duplicating the tasks of corvettes, minesweepers, patrol cutters, anti-submarine and small rocket ships. It was created for the specific conditions of the US Navy, where sailors needed a mobile helicopter base to solve both the simplest (chasing drug courier boats in the Gulf of Mexico) and the most complex missions (anti-aircraft defense in the open ocean, mine sweeping, reconnaissance, patrolling and transportation of special cargo). in zones of military conflicts).

USS Freedom (LCS-1)

LCS are being built in parallel according to two different projects. The fast monohull ship (Lockheed Martin project) and the fantastic trimaran from General Dynamics demonstrated complete identity both in terms of cost and in terms of their combat capabilities. And each project had its own merits. As a result, the contract was divided in half - each of the firms received an order for 10 ships.

The Americans' attempts to achieve the coveted speed of 50 knots are especially fun. Despite the most powerful CODAG-type power plant (a combination of diesel engines and gas turbines) and four Finnish Värtislya water cannons, the designed speed was not achieved. In return, many problems were encountered - from power plant fires to hull cracking at high speeds. Currently max. speed was demonstrated by the LCS-1 Freedom. The ship reached 47 knots (87 km/h) at the measured mile.

Transfer of fuel from the aircraft carrier "Carl Vinson" to the littoral combat ship "Freedom"

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