GOST 379-95

Group Zh11

INTERSTATE STANDARD

BRICKS AND SILICATE STONES

Specifications

Silicate bricks and stones. Specifications

MKS 91.100.15

OKSTU 5741

Date of introduction 1996-07-01

Preface

1 DEVELOPED BY JSC VNIIstrom im. P.P. Budnikov with the participation of TsNIISK im. V.A. Kucherenko, NIISF and JSC "Voronezhstroymaterialy" of the Russian Federation

INTRODUCED by the Ministry of Construction of Russia

2 ADOPTED by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization and Technical Regulation in Construction (INTKS) on April 19, 1995.

3 ENTERED INTO EFFECT on July 1, 1996 as state standard Russian Federation by Decree of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated December 4, 1995 N 18-102

4 INSTEAD GOST 379-79

5th EDITION (March 2002) with Amendment (IUS 10-96)

Amendment made by database manufacturer

1 AREA OF USE

This standard applies to sand-lime bricks and stones (hereinafter referred to as products) manufactured by pressing a moistened mixture of siliceous materials and lime or other lime-containing binders with or without the use of pigments, followed by hardening under the influence of saturated steam in an autoclave.

Brick and stones are used for laying stone and reinforced stone external and internal walls of buildings and structures, as well as for their cladding with facing products.

The requirements set out in paragraphs 3.1, 3.2, 3.3.1, 3.3.3-3.3.5, 4.1.1.4-4.1.1.9, 4.1.2-4.1.5, 4.1.9, sections 5 and 6 are mandatory.

This standard uses references to the following standards:

GOST 162-90 Vernier depth gauges. Specifications

GOST 166-89 (ISO 3599-76) Calipers. Specifications

GOST 427-75 Metal measuring rulers. Specifications

GOST 2228-81 Sack paper. Specifications

GOST 3560-73 Steel packaging tape. Specifications

GOST 3749-77 Test squares 90°. Specifications

GOST 7025-91 Ceramic and silicate bricks and stones. Methods for determining water absorption, density and frost resistance control

GOST 8273-75 Wrapping paper. Specifications

GOST 8462-85 Wall materials. Methods for determining compressive and bending strengths

GOST 10354-82 Polyethylene film. Specifications

GOST 14192-77 Marking of cargo

GOST 15846-79 Products sent to the Far North and hard-to-reach areas. Packaging, labeling, transportation and storage

GOST 18242-72* Statistical acceptance control based on an alternative criterion. Control plans

________________

* IN Russian Federation GOST R 50779.71-99 is valid.

GOST 18343-80 Pallets for bricks and ceramic stones. Specifications

GOST 23421-79 Device for batch transportation of sand-lime bricks by road. Basic parameters and dimensions. Technical requirements

GOST 24332-88 Bricks and silicate stones. Ultrasonic method for determining compressive strength

GOST 24816-81 Construction materials. Method for determining sorption humidity

GOST 25951-83 Polyethylene shrink film. Specifications

GOST 30108-94 Construction materials and products. Determination of specific effective activity of natural radionuclides

GOST 30244-94 Construction materials. Flammability test methods

3 MAIN PARAMETERS AND DIMENSIONS

3.1 Bricks and silicate stones (hereinafter referred to as products) are manufactured in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with the dimensions indicated in Table 1.

Table 1

3.2 Maximum deviations from the nominal dimensions and geometric shape of the product must not exceed, mm:

Length, thickness and width - ±2;

By non-parallelism of the faces - +2.

3.3 Types and sizes

3.3.1 Single and thickened bricks are made solid and hollow, stones are made only hollow.

3.3.2 The dimensions, shape and location of holes in the product, as well as the hollowness of the product are given in Appendix A.

3.3.3 Holes in products must be non-through and located perpendicular to the bed. The thickness of the outer walls of hollow products must be at least 10 mm.

The product can be manufactured with a different hollowness, with holes of a different shape and location, provided that the requirements of 4.1.2, 4.1.4, 4.1.8 are met.

3.3.4 Based on strength, products are manufactured in the following grades: 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 250, 300.

3.3.5 Based on frost resistance, products are manufactured in the following brands: F15, F25, F35, F50.

The frost resistance grade of facial products must be at least F25.

3.3.6 Depending on the average density, solid products are divided into:

Porous with an average density of up to 1500 kg/mm;

Dense - over 1500 kg/m.

3.3.7 Depending on the purpose, the products are manufactured with front and regular ones.

3.3.8 The symbol of silicate products must consist of the name, type and purpose of the product, brand for strength and frost resistance, designation of this standard.

Examples of symbols:

Single silicate brick, ordinary strength grade 150, frost resistance grade F15:

Brick SOR-150/15, GOST 379-95

Thickened silicate brick of ordinary strength grade 175, frost resistance grade F25:

Brick SUR-175/25 GOST 379-95

Thickened silicate brick, face grade, strength 200, frost resistance grade F35:

Brick SUL-200/35 GOST 379-95

Decorative silicate brick, strength grade 150, frost resistance grade F25:

Brick SLD-150/25 GOST 379-95

Ordinary silicate stone, strength grade 125, frost resistance grade F15:

Stone SR-125/15 GOST 379-95

4 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

Products must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard according to technological regulations approved by the manufacturer.

4.1 Characteristics

4.1.1 Appearance

4.1.1.1 According to the texture of the front surface, front products are made smooth with a decorative coating; by color - unpainted, having the color of the raw materials from which they are made, or painted - from a colored mixture or with surface painting of the front edges.

4.1.1.2 Face products must have two front surfaces: splice and spoon.

By agreement with the consumer, it is allowed to produce products with one front surface.

4.1.1.3 The surface of the edges of the product must be flat, the edges must be straight.

It is allowed to produce face products with rounded vertical ribs with a radius of no more than 6 mm.

4.1.1.4 The color (shade of color) of facial products must correspond to the reference sample.

Stains on the front surface of products are not allowed.

4.1.1.5 Defects are not allowed on an ordinary product appearance, the size and quantity of which exceed those indicated in Table 2.

table 2

4.1.1.6. Broken and dull corners and edges, roughness, cracks and other damage on the front surfaces of front products are not allowed.

4.1.1.7 Punctures in the bed of hollow products larger than 10 mm, as well as product defects (swelling and peeling of the surface, an increase in volume, the presence of a network of small cracks from unquenched silicate mixture) are not allowed.

4.1.1.8 In an ordinary product, the presence of clay, sand, lime and foreign inclusions larger than 5 mm in an amount of more than 3 in a fracture or on the surface is not allowed.

For facial products, the presence of these inclusions on the surface is not allowed; no more than 3 are allowed in a fracture.

4.1.1.9 The amount of half in a batch should be no more than 5% for ordinary products, 2% for facial products.

4.1.2 The strength grade of stone is determined by the compressive strength, and the brick grade by the compressive and bending strength specified in Table 3.

Table 3

In megapascals (kgf/cm)

4.1.3 The adhesion strength of the decorative coating to the surface of facial products must be at least 0.6 MPa (6 kgf/cm ).

4.1.4 The frost resistance grade is taken to be the number of cycles of alternating freezing and thawing, during which there are no signs of visible damage in the products (peeling, delamination, spalling, etc.), and the reduction in compressive strength does not exceed 25% for ordinary and 20% for facial products.

The adhesion strength of the decorative coating to the surface of the product after testing for frost resistance must be at least 0.6 MPa.

4.1.5 Water absorption of products must be at least 6%.

4.1.6 The weight of thickened bricks in a dried state should be no more than 4.3 kg.

By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, reflected in the supply contract, it is allowed to produce thickened solid bricks weighing more than 4.3 kg.

4.1.7 Products belong to the group of non-combustible building materials according to GOST 30244.

4.1.8 Products intended for laying external walls of buildings and structures must be tested for thermal conductivity in accordance with 6.13.

4.1.9 The specific effective activity of natural radionuclides in the product should be no more than 370 Bq/kg.

4.2 Requirements for raw materials and materials

4.2.1 The materials used in the manufacture of products must comply with the requirements of current regulatory and technical documents for these materials and ensure that products obtain the specified technical characteristics.

The list of materials used is given in Appendix B.

4.3 Marking

4 3.1 Products must be marked in each stack (package), one in the middle row.

4.3.2 The manufacturer’s trademark is applied to the product with indelible paint using a stencil or stamp.

4.3.3 Each package (package) must have transport markings in accordance with GOST 14192.

5 ACCEPTANCE RULES

5.1 Products must be accepted by the technical control of the manufacturer.

5.2 Products are accepted in batches. The volume of a batch of products is set at no more than the output of one autoclave per heat treatment cycle.

The batch must consist of products of the same type, of the same brand in terms of strength and frost resistance.

5.3 To check the compliance of products with the requirements of this standard, acceptance and periodic tests are carried out.

Acceptance tests are carried out according to the following indicators:

Appearance (presence of appearance defects);

Dimensions and correctness of shape;

Presence of inclusions in the fracture and on the surface;

The presence of punctures and defects from the unextinguished mixture;

Color (shade of color);

Product weight;

Compressive strength;

Bending strength for bricks of grades 75 and 100.

5.4 Periodic tests are carried out at least once:

per month - to determine the adhesion strength of the decorative coating to the surface of the product, the tensile strength of bricks when bending grades 125 and above;

per quarter - to determine frost resistance, water absorption, average density of products;

per year - to determine the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides in the product in the absence of data from the supplier of raw materials on the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides in the supplied materials.

Periodic tests are also carried out when raw materials change.

The thermal conductivity of products is determined when the product is put into production, as well as when changing the materials used, the size and number of voids.

5.5 To carry out acceptance and periodic tests, samples are selected by random sampling from different places in the batch in the quantities specified in 5.6 and 5.7.

5.6 Acceptance of products in terms of appearance is carried out according to a two-stage normal control plan in accordance with the requirements of GOST 18242, while the sample volume, acceptance and rejection numbers must correspond to those indicated in Table 4.

Table 4

For control, an acceptance level of defects is taken equal to 10% for ordinary products and 6.5% for facial products.

The batch is accepted if the number of defective products in the sample for the first stage is less than or equal to the acceptance number

for the first stage of control.

The batch is not accepted if the number of defective products is greater than or equal to the rejection number for the first stage of control.

If the number of defective products in the sample for the first stage of inspection is greater than the acceptance number, but less than the rejection number, proceed to the second stage inspection, for which a sample of the same volume is selected as at the first stage of inspection.

A batch of products is accepted if the total number of defective products in the first and second stage samples is less than or equal to the acceptance number. The batch is not accepted if the total number of defective products in the first and second stage samples is equal to or greater than the rejection number for the second stage of control.

5.7 To carry out acceptance control for other indicators and periodic tests, a number of samples are selected from a sample of products that meet the requirements of this standard in terms of appearance indicators in accordance with Table 5.

Table 5

5.8 If, when checking the size and correctness of the shape of products selected from a batch, one product does not meet the requirements of the standard, the batch is accepted; if two, the batch is not subject to acceptance.

5.9 If unsatisfactory results are obtained when testing products according to other indicators specified in Table 5, repeated tests are carried out on these indicators with a double number of samples taken from this batch.

A batch of products is accepted if the results of repeated tests satisfy the requirements of the standard; if they do not, then the batch is not subject to acceptance.

5.10 Each batch of supplied products must be accompanied by a quality document indicating:

Name of the manufacturer and (or) its trademark;

Product name and symbol;

Number and date of issue of the document;

Batch number and quantity of products shipped;

A mass of thickened brick;

Water absorption;

Bending strength for brick grades 75, 100;

Specific effective activity of natural radionuclides;

Strength of adhesion of the decorative coating to the surface of facial products;

Thermal conductivity of products;

Designation of this standard.

6 CONTROL METHODS

6.1 Dimensions of products, non-parallelism of edges, thickness of outer walls, puncture sizes, length of cracks, depth of roughness and failure, depth of broken corners and edges are measured using a ruler according to GOST 427, calipers according to GOST 166, square according to GOST 3749 with a measurement error of no more than 1 mm.

6.2 The length and width of the product are measured in three places - along the ribs and the middle of the bed, thickness - in the middle of the poke and spoon. The difference between the largest and smallest measured values ​​is taken as the final result.

6.3 To determine the non-parallelism of the edges, measure the four edges of the product in length, width and thickness and calculate the difference between the largest and smallest of the four measurements.

6.4 The depth of broken corners and edges is measured using a caliper depth gauge in accordance with GOST 162 or a square and a ruler along the perpendicular from the top of the corner or edge formed by the square to the damaged surface.

6.5 Roughness and disruption of the surfaces of the edges are determined by measuring the gap between the edge of the product and the edge of the metal ruler attached to it.

6.6 The size of the punctures is determined by the largest measurement result.

6.7 The number of inclusions and their size are determined at the fracture of one of the paired halves.

6.8 Defects from unquenched silicate mass are determined visually.

6.9 The correspondence of the color (shade) of painted products to standard samples is checked by comparing them with two standard samples, one of which is painted in an acceptable pale tone, and the other in an acceptable saturated tone of this color. Products painted weaker than the pale tone standard sample and stronger than the saturated tone standard sample are not subject to acceptance. Comparison with reference samples is carried out outdoors in daylight at a distance of 10 m from the inspector’s eye.

6.10 The tensile strength of products in compression and bending is determined according to GOST 8462.

It is allowed to determine compressive strength using a non-destructive ultrasonic method in accordance with GOST 24332.

6.11 Frost resistance, water absorption and average density are determined according to GOST 7025.

6.12 The adhesion strength of the decorative coating to the surface of the front products is determined by tearing off a metal plate equipped with a loop, 3-5 mm thick and 20x20 mm in size, glued to the finishing coating. The plate is glued to the coating of the product with a thin layer of quickly polymerizing glue of the following composition (parts by weight):

1000 - epoxy resin;

10 - polyethylene polyamine;

250 - Portland cement.

The adhesion strength of the finishing coating to the surface of the product is determined as the arithmetic average of the results of three determinations.

6.13 The thermal conductivity of products in masonry is determined according to 6.7.1 GOST 530-95.

6.14 The average density of products is determined according to GOST 7025.

6.15 The specific effective activity of natural radionuclides is determined according to GOST 30108 on products placed in a cross-tied bag or in a technological stack.

7 TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

7.1 Silicate products are stored in technological stacks on steaming trolleys or on flat, hard-surfaced areas cleared of debris, separately by type and brand, and front products, in addition, separately by color and texture of the front surface.

7.2 Products are transported by all types of transport in accordance with the Rules for the carriage of goods in force for this type of transport and the requirements of documentation for loading and securing cargo, approved in the prescribed manner.

7.3 Products are transported in packages. Installation of technological stacks on packaging means is carried out mechanically using special two- and four-sided grippers. By agreement with the consumer, it is allowed to transport bricks in unpackaged form.

7.4 Loading products in bulk (throwing) and unloading them by dropping them is not allowed.

7.5 Transportation of products by rail and water transport is carried out using pallets with ties as packaging means in accordance with the requirements of the current regulatory or technical documentation.

When transporting by water, upon agreement with the consumer, it is allowed to use pallets of the type POD 520x1030-075 in accordance with GOST 18343, followed by packaging of the packages with metal tape in accordance with GOST 3560, shrink film in accordance with GOST 25951 or expanding film in accordance with GOST 10354.

Transportation of products by car is carried out using fastening devices (removable or stationary) as packaging means in accordance with GOST 23421. The fastening of packages is carried out in the back of a vehicle.

Transportation of facial products with decorative coating is carried out by road or by rail packages on pallets type POD 520x1030-075. When stacking on pallets, paper is laid between the front surfaces in accordance with GOST 2228 or in accordance with GOST 8273. When loading, packages must be packed with metal tape, shrink or stretch film.

APPENDIX B

LIST OF MATERIALS USED IN PRODUCTION

SILICATE PRODUCTS

The text of the document is verified according to:

official publication

M.: IPK Standards Publishing House, 2002

GOST 379-95

Group Zh11

INTERSTATE STANDARD

BRICKS AND SILICATE STONES

Specifications

Silicate bricks and stones. Specifications

MKS 91.100.15
OKSTU 5741

Date of introduction 1996-07-01

Preface

1 DEVELOPED by JSC VNIIstrom named after P.P. Budnikov with the participation of TsNIISK named after V.A. Kucherenko, NIISF and JSC "Voronezhstroymaterialy" of the Russian Federation

INTRODUCED by the Ministry of Construction of Russia

2 ADOPTED by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization and Technical Regulation in Construction (INTKS) on April 19, 1995.

The following voted for adoption:

3 ENTERED INTO EFFECT on July 1, 1996 as a state standard of the Russian Federation by Decree of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated December 4, 1995 N 18-102

4 INSTEAD GOST 379-79

5th edition (August 2004) with amendments (IUS 10-96, 9-2003)

1 AREA OF USE

1 area of ​​use

This standard applies to sand-lime bricks and stones (hereinafter referred to as products) manufactured by pressing a moistened mixture of siliceous materials and lime or other lime-containing binders with or without the use of pigments, followed by hardening under the influence of saturated steam in an autoclave.

Brick and stones are used for laying stone and reinforced stone external and internal walls of buildings and structures, as well as for their cladding with facing products.

The requirements set out in paragraphs 3.1, 3.2, 3.3.1, 3.3.3-3.3.5, 4.1.1.4-4.1.1.9, 4.1.2-4.1.5, 4.1.9, sections 5 and 6 are mandatory.

(Amendment, IUS 10-96).

2 REGULATORY REFERENCES

This standard uses references to the following standards:

GOST 162-90 Vernier depth gauges. Specifications

GOST 166-89 (ISO 3599-76) Calipers. Specifications

GOST 427-75 Metal measuring rulers. Specifications

GOST 530-95 Ceramic bricks and stones. Specifications

GOST 2228-81 Sack paper. Specifications

GOST 3560-73 Steel packaging tape. Specifications

GOST 3749-77 Test squares 90°. Specifications

GOST 7025-91 Ceramic and silicate bricks and stones. Methods for determining water absorption, density and frost resistance control

GOST 8273-75 Wrapping paper. Specifications

GOST 8462-85 Wall materials. Methods for determining compressive and bending strengths

GOST 10354-82 Polyethylene film. Specifications

GOST 14192-96 Marking of cargo

GOST 15846-2002 Products sent to the Far North and hard-to-reach areas. Packaging, labeling, transportation and storage

GOST 18242-72 * Statistical acceptance control based on an alternative criterion. Control plans
________________
* GOST R 50779.71-99 is in force on the territory of the Russian Federation.


GOST 18343-80 Pallets for bricks and ceramic stones. Specifications

GOST 23421-79 Device for batch transportation of sand-lime bricks by road. Basic parameters and dimensions. Technical requirements

GOST 24332-88 Bricks and silicate stones. Ultrasonic method for determining compressive strength

GOST 24816-81 Construction materials. Method for determining sorption humidity

GOST 25951-83 Polyethylene shrink film. Specifications

GOST 30108-94 Construction materials and products. Determination of specific effective activity of natural radionuclides

GOST 30244-94 Construction materials. Flammability Test Methods

3 MAIN PARAMETERS AND DIMENSIONS

Table 1

In millimeters

3.2 Maximum deviations from the nominal dimensions and geometric shape of the product must not exceed, mm:

- length, thickness and width - ±2;

- by non-parallelism of the faces - +2.

3.3 Types and sizes

3.3.1 Single and thickened bricks are made solid and hollow, stones are made only hollow.

3.3.2 The dimensions, shape and location of holes in the product, as well as the hollowness of the product are given in Appendix A.

3.3.3 Holes in products must be non-through and located perpendicular to the bed. The thickness of the outer walls of hollow products must be at least 10 mm.

The product can be manufactured with a different hollowness, with holes of a different shape and location, provided that the requirements of 4.1.2, 4.1.4, 4.1.8 are met.

(Amendment, IUS 10-96)

3.3.4 Based on strength, products are manufactured in the following grades: 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 250, 300.

3.3.5 Based on frost resistance, products are manufactured in the following brands: F15, F25, F35, F50.

The frost resistance grade of facial products must be at least F25.

3.3.6 Depending on the average density, solid products are divided into:

- porous with an average density of up to 1500 kg/mm*;

- dense - over 1500 kg/m.*
___________________

* The text of the document corresponds to the original. - Database manufacturer's note.

3.3.7 Depending on the purpose, the products are manufactured with front and regular ones.

3.3.8 The symbol of silicate products must consist of the name, type and purpose of the product, brand for strength and frost resistance, designation of this standard.

Examples of symbols:

Single silicate brick, ordinary strength grade 150, frost resistance grade F15:

Brick SOR-150/15, GOST 379-95

Thickened silicate brick of ordinary strength grade 175, frost resistance grade F25:

Brick SUR-175/25 GOST 379-95

Thickened silicate brick, face grade, strength 200, frost resistance grade F35:

Brick SUL-200/35 GOST 379-95

Decorative silicate brick, strength grade 150, frost resistance grade F25:

Brick SLD-150/25 GOST 379-95

Ordinary silicate stone, strength grade 125, frost resistance grade F15:

Stone SR-125/15 GOST 379-95

4 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

Products must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard according to technological regulations approved by the manufacturer.

4.1 Characteristics

4.1.1 Appearance

4.1.1.1 According to the texture of the front surface, front products are made smooth with a decorative coating; by color - unpainted, having the color of the raw materials from which they are made, or painted - from a colored mixture or with surface painting of the front edges.

4.1.1.2 Face products must have two front surfaces: splice and spoon.

By agreement with the consumer, it is allowed to produce products with one front surface.

4.1.1.3 The surface of the edges of the product must be flat, the edges must be straight.

It is allowed to produce face products with rounded vertical ribs with a radius of no more than 6 mm.

4.1.1.4 The color (shade of color) of facial products must correspond to the reference sample.

Stains on the front surface of products are not allowed.

4.1.1.5 On an ordinary product, appearance defects are not allowed, the size and number of which exceed those indicated in Table 2.

table 2

4.1.1.6. Broken and dull corners and edges, roughness, cracks and other damage on the front surfaces of front products are not allowed.

4.1.1.7 Punctures in the bed of hollow products larger than 10 mm, as well as product defects (swelling and peeling of the surface, an increase in volume, the presence of a network of small cracks from unquenched silicate mixture) are not allowed.

4.1.1.8 In an ordinary product, the presence of clay, sand, lime and foreign inclusions larger than 5 mm in an amount of more than 3 in a fracture or on the surface is not allowed.

For facial products, the presence of these inclusions on the surface is not allowed; no more than 3 are allowed in a fracture.

4.1.1.9 The amount of half in a batch should be no more than 5% for ordinary products, 2% for facial products.

4.1.2 The strength grade of stone is determined by the compressive strength, and the brick grade by the compressive and bending strength specified in Table 3.

Table 3

In megapascals (kgf/cm)

4.1.3 The adhesion strength of the decorative coating to the surface of facial products must be at least 0.6 MPa (6 kgf/cm).

4.1.4 The frost resistance grade is taken to be the number of cycles of alternating freezing and thawing, during which there are no signs of visible damage in the products (peeling, delamination, spalling, etc.), and the reduction in compressive strength does not exceed 25% for ordinary and 20% for facial products.

The adhesion strength of the decorative coating to the surface of the product after testing for frost resistance must be at least 0.6 MPa.

4.1.5 Water absorption of products must be at least 6%.

4.1.6 The weight of thickened bricks in a dried state should be no more than 4.3 kg.

By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, reflected in the supply contract, it is allowed to produce thickened solid bricks weighing more than 4.3 kg.

4.1.7 Products belong to the group of non-combustible building materials according to GOST 30244.

4.1.8 Products intended for laying external walls of buildings and structures must be tested for thermal conductivity in accordance with 6.13.

4.1.9 The specific effective activity of natural radionuclides in the product should be no more than 370 Bq/kg.

4.2 Requirements for raw materials and materials

4.2.1 The materials used in the manufacture of products must comply with the requirements of current regulatory and technical documents for these materials and ensure that products obtain the specified technical characteristics.

The list of materials used is given in Appendix B.

4.3 Marking

4 3.1 Products must be marked in each stack (package), one in the middle row.

4.3.2 The manufacturer’s trademark is applied to the product with indelible paint using a stencil or stamp.

4.3.3 Each package (package) must have transport markings in accordance with GOST 14192.

5 ACCEPTANCE RULES

5.1 Products must be accepted technical control manufacturer.

5.2 Products are accepted in batches. The volume of a batch of products is set at no more than the output of one autoclave per heat treatment cycle.

The batch must consist of products of the same type, of the same brand in terms of strength and frost resistance.

5.3 To check the compliance of products with the requirements of this standard, acceptance and periodic tests are carried out.

Acceptance tests are carried out according to the following indicators:

- appearance (presence of appearance defects);

- size and correctness of shape;

- presence of inclusions in the fracture and on the surface;

- the presence of punctures and defects from the unextinguished mixture;

- color (shade of color);

- weight of the product;

- compressive strength;

- ultimate bending strength for bricks of grades 75 and 100.

5.4 Periodic tests are carried out at least once:

per month- to determine the adhesion strength of the decorative coating to the surface of the product, the tensile strength of bricks when bending grades 125 and above;

per quarter- to determine frost resistance, water absorption, average density of products;

in year- to determine the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides in a product in the absence of data from the supplier of raw materials on the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides in the supplied materials.

Periodic tests are also carried out when raw materials change.

The thermal conductivity of products is determined when the product is put into production, as well as when changing the materials used, the size and number of voids.

5.5 To carry out acceptance and periodic tests, samples are selected by random sampling from different places in the batch in the quantities specified in 5.6 and 5.7.

5.6 Acceptance of products based on appearance indicators is carried out according to a two-stage normal control plan in accordance with the requirements of GOST 18242, while the sample volume, acceptance and rejection numbers must correspond to those indicated in Table 4.

Table 4

For control, an acceptance level of defects is taken equal to 10% for ordinary products and 6.5% for facial products.

The batch is accepted if the number of defective products in the sample for the first stage is less than or equal to the acceptance number for the first stage of inspection.

The batch is not accepted if the number of defective products is greater than or equal to the rejection number for the first stage of control.

If the number of defective products in the sample for the first stage of inspection is greater than the acceptance number, but less than the rejection number, proceed to the second stage inspection, for which a sample of the same volume is selected as at the first stage of inspection.

A batch of products is accepted if the total number of defective products in the first and second stage samples is less than or equal to the acceptance number. The batch is not accepted if the total number of defective products in the first and second stage samples is equal to or greater than the rejection number for the second stage of control.

5.7 To carry out acceptance control for other indicators and periodic tests, a number of samples are selected from a sample of products that meet the requirements of this standard in terms of appearance indicators in accordance with Table 5.

Table 5

5.8 If, when checking the size and correctness of the shape of products selected from a batch, one product does not meet the requirements of the standard, the batch is accepted; if two, the batch is not subject to acceptance.

5.9 If unsatisfactory results are obtained when testing products according to other indicators specified in Table 5, repeated tests are carried out on these indicators with a double number of samples taken from this batch.

A batch of products is accepted if the results of repeated tests satisfy the requirements of the standard; if they do not, then the batch is not subject to acceptance.

5.10 Each batch of supplied products must be accompanied by a quality document indicating:

- name of the manufacturer and (or) its trademark;

- name of the product and its symbol;

- number and date of issue of the document;

- batch number and quantity of products shipped;

- mass of thickened brick;

- water absorption;

- bending strength for brick grades 75, 100;

- specific effective activity of natural radionuclides;

- adhesion strength of the decorative coating to the surface of facial products;

- thermal conductivity of products;

- designation of this standard.

6 CONTROL METHODS

6.1 Dimensions of products, non-parallelism of edges, thickness of outer walls, puncture sizes, length of cracks, depth of roughness and failure, depth of broken corners and edges are measured using a ruler according to GOST 427, calipers according to GOST 166, square according to GOST 3749 with a measurement error of no more than 1 mm.

6.2 The length and width of the product are measured in three places - along the ribs and the middle of the bed, thickness - in the middle of the poke and spoon. The difference between the largest and smallest measured values ​​is taken as the final result.

6.3 To determine the non-parallelism of the edges, measure the four edges of the product in length, width and thickness and calculate the difference between the largest and smallest of the four measurements.

6.4 The depth of broken corners and edges is measured using a caliper depth gauge in accordance with GOST 162 or a square and a ruler along the perpendicular from the top of the corner or edge formed by the square to the damaged surface.

6.5 Roughness and disruption of the surfaces of the edges are determined by measuring the gap between the edge of the product and the edge of the metal ruler attached to it.

6.6 The size of the punctures is determined by the largest measurement result.

6.7 The number of inclusions and their size are determined at the fracture of one of the paired halves.

6.8 Defects from unquenched silicate mass are determined visually.

6.9 The correspondence of the color (shade) of painted products to the standard samples is checked by comparing them with two standard samples, one of which is painted in an acceptable pale tone, and the other in an acceptable saturated tone of a given color. Products painted weaker than the pale tone standard sample and stronger than the saturated tone standard sample are not subject to acceptance. Comparison with reference samples is carried out outdoors in daylight at a distance of 10 m from the inspector’s eye.

6.10 The tensile strength of products in compression and bending is determined according to GOST 8462.

It is allowed to determine compressive strength using a non-destructive ultrasonic method in accordance with GOST 24332.

6.11 Frost resistance, water absorption and average density are determined according to GOST 7025.

6.12 The adhesion strength of the decorative coating to the surface of the front products is determined by tearing off a metal plate equipped with a loop, 3-5 mm thick and 20x20 mm in size, glued to the finishing coating. The plate is glued to the coating of the product with a thin layer of quickly polymerizing glue of the following composition (parts by weight):

1000 - epoxy resin;

10 - polyethylene polyamine;

250 - Portland cement.

Before tearing off, a cut is made in the coating along the perimeter of the plate. The coating is peeled off no earlier than 2 days after the samples have been kept at room temperature.

Adhesion strength in MPa (kgf/cm) is determined by the formula

Coverage separation area, cm.

The adhesion strength of the finishing coating to the surface of the product is determined as the arithmetic average of the results of three determinations.

6.13 The thermal conductivity of products in masonry is determined according to 6.7.1 GOST 530.

(Amendment, IUS 9-2003)

6.14 The average density of products is determined according to GOST 7025.

6.15 The specific effective activity of natural radionuclides is determined according to GOST 30108 on products placed in a cross-tied bag or in a technological stack.

7 TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

7.1 Silicate products are stored in technological stacks on steaming trolleys or on flat, hard-surfaced areas cleared of debris, separately by type and brand, and front products, in addition, separately by color and texture of the front surface.

7.2 Products are transported by all types of transport in accordance with the Rules for the carriage of goods in force for this type of transport and the requirements of documentation for loading and securing cargo, approved in the prescribed manner.

7.3 Products are transported in packages. Installation of technological stacks on packaging means is carried out mechanically using special two- and four-sided grippers. By agreement with the consumer, it is allowed to transport bricks in unpackaged form.

7.4 Loading products in bulk (throwing) and unloading them by dropping them is not allowed.

7.5 Transportation of products by rail and water transport is carried out using pallets with ties as packaging means in accordance with the requirements of current regulatory or technical documentation.

When transporting by water, upon agreement with the consumer, it is allowed to use pallets of the type POD 520x1030-075 in accordance with GOST 18343, followed by packaging of the packages with metal tape in accordance with GOST 3560, shrink film in accordance with GOST 25951 or expanding film in accordance with GOST 10354.

Transportation of products by road is carried out using fastening devices (removable or stationary) as packaging means in accordance with GOST 23421. The packages are secured in the back of the vehicle.

Transportation of facial products with decorative coating is carried out by road or rail in packages on pallets of type POD 520x1030-075. When laying on pallets, paper is laid between the front surfaces in accordance with GOST 2228 or in accordance with GOST 8273. When loading, packages must be packed with metal tape, shrink or stretch film.

7.6 Transportation of products to the regions of the Far North and equivalent areas - in accordance with GOST 15846.

Figure A.1 - 14-hollow stone (brick)

Figure A.1 - 14-hollow stone (brick) (hole diameter 30-32 mm, hollowness 28-31%)

Figure A.2 - 11-hollow stone (brick)

Figure A.2 - 11-hollow stone (brick) (hole diameter 27-32 mm, hollowness 22-25%)

Figure A.3 - 3-hollow brick

Figure A.3 - 3-hollow brick (hole diameter 52 mm, hollowness 15%)

APPENDIX B (recommended). LIST OF MATERIALS USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF SILICATE PRODUCTS

Electronic document text
prepared by Kodeks JSC and verified against:
official publication
M.: IPK Standards Publishing House, 2004

INTERSTATE COUNCIL FOR STANDARDIZATION, METROLOGY AND CERTIFICATION

INTERSTATE COUNCIL FOR STANDARDIZATION. METROLOGY AND CERTIFICATION

INTERSTATE

STANDARD

BRICKS, STONES, BLOCKS AND SILICATE PARTITION PLATES

General technical conditions

Official publication

Standard |f«ts- 2011

Preface

The goals, basic principles and basic procedure for carrying out work on interstate standardization are established by GOST 1.0-92 “Interstate standardization system. Basic provisions" and GOST 1.2-2009 "Interstate standardization system. Interstate standards. rules and recommendations for interstate standardization. Rules for development, adoption, application, updating and cancellation"

Standard information

1 DEVELOPED Non-profit partnership"Association of Manufacturers of Silicate Products" (NP "APSI"), OJSC Scientific Research Center "Construction" - TsNIISK im. Kucherenko. Limited Liability Company "VNIISTROM "Scientific Center of Ceramics" (LLC "VNIISTROM "NTSK")

2 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 465 “Construction”

3 ADOPTED by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (protocol dated January 30, 2015 No. 74-P)

4 By order Federal agency on technical regulation and metrology dated April 9, 2015 No. 246-st interstate standard GOST 379-2015 was put into effect as the national standard of the Russian Federation on October 1, 2015.

Information about changes to this standard is published in the annual information index “National Standards”. and the text of changes and amendments is in the monthly information index “National Standards”. In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard, the corresponding notice will be published in the monthly information index “National Standards”. Relevant information, notices and texts are also posted in information system common use- on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet (mvw.gost.ru)

©Standardinform. 2015

In the Russian Federation, this standard cannot be reproduced in whole or in part. replicated and distributed as an official publication without permission from the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology

5.1.1.7 In ordinary bricks and stones, as well as blocks and partition slabs, the presence of clay, sand, lime and foreign inclusions larger than 5 mm in an amount of more than three in a fracture or on the surface is not allowed.

The presence of these inclusions on the surface of facing bricks and stones is not allowed; no more than three are allowed in a fracture.

5.1.1.8 Defects in products (swelling and peeling of the surface, the presence of a network of small cracks from unextinguished silicate mass, punctures in the bed of hollow products) are not allowed.

5.1.2 The amount of pulp in a batch should not be more than 5% for ordinary bricks and stones, as well as blocks and partition slabs, 2% for facing bricks and stones.

5.1.3 Physical and mechanical properties

5.1.3.1 The grade of stone, blocks and partition slabs is established according to the compressive strength, the brick grade - according to the compressive and bending strength specified in Table 5.

Table 5 - Strength limits of products in compression and bending

The strength grade of facing bricks and stones must be at least M125.

5.1.3.2 The frost resistance grade of products is taken to be the number of cycles of alternating freezing and thawing, after which the products show no signs of visible damage (peeling, delamination, chipping, etc.). the reduction in compressive strength does not exceed 20%. weight loss -10%.

The frost resistance grade of partition slabs is not established.

5.1.3.3 The adhesion strength of the decorative coating to the surface of the decorative brick must be at least 0.6 MPa (6 kgf/cm2).

5.1.3.4 Water absorption of products must be at least 6%.

5.1.3.5 Products belong to the group of non-combustible building materials according to GOST 30244.

5.1.3.6 Products intended for masonry of external walls of buildings and structures must be tested to determine the thermal conductivity coefficient of masonry in accordance with 7.13.

5.1.3.7 Silicate blocks and partition slabs used as interior and inter-apartment partitions must be tested to determine the airborne noise insulation index.

5.1.4 The specific effective activity of natural radionuclides in the product should be no more than 370 Bq/kg.

5.2 Requirements for raw materials and supplies

5.2.1 Materials used for the manufacture of products must comply with the requirements of current regulatory and technical documents for these materials and ensure that products are obtained with technical characteristics established by this standard.

5.2.2 The list of materials used is given in Appendix B.

GOST 379-2015

1 area of ​​use............................................... ........ 1

3 Terms and definitions.................................................... 2

4 Classification, dimensions and symbols....................................................4

5 Technical requirements........................................................ ................6

6 Acceptance rules................................................................... ......................9

7 Test methods................................................................... ....................10

8 Transportation and storage................................................................... ..........eleven

products........................................................ ................17

INTERSTATE STANDARD

BRICKS, STONES, BLOCKS AND SILICATE PARTITION PLATES General technical conditions

Silicate bricks, stones, blocks and partition blocks. General specifications

Date of introduction - 2015-10-01

1 area of ​​use

This standard applies to silicate bricks, stones, blocks and partition slabs (hereinafter referred to as products), manufactured by pressing a moistened mixture of siliceous materials and lime or other lime-containing components using pigments, light aggregates and without them, and subsequent hardening under hydrothermal treatment conditions in autoclave.

Silicate products are used for masonry and cladding of load-bearing, self-supporting and self-supporting walls and other elements of residential, public and industrial buildings and structures.

This standard uses Normative references to the following interstate standards:

GOST 162-90 Vernier depth gauges. Specifications

GOST 166-89 (ISO 3599-76) Calipers. Specifications

GOST 427-75 Metal measuring rulers. Specifications

GOST 530-2012 Ceramic brick and stone. General technical conditions

GOST 3344-83 Crushed stone and slag sand for road construction. Specifications

GOST 3560-73 Steel packaging tape. Specifications

GOST 3749-77 Test squares 90 5. Specifications

GOST 7025-91 Ceramic and silicate bricks and stones. Methods for determining water absorption. density and frost resistance control

GOST 8273-75 Wrapping paper. Specifications

GOST 8462-85 Wall materials. Methods for determining compressive and bending strengths

GOST 8736-2014 Sand for construction work. Technical specifications GOST 9179-77 Construction lime. Technical specifications GOST 10354-82 Polyethylene film. Technical specifications GOST 14192-96 Marking of cargo

GOST 15846-2002 Products sent to the Far North and equivalent areas. Packaging, labeling, transportation and storage

GOST 22690-88 Concrete. Determination of strength by mechanical methods of non-destructive testing

GOST 23421-79 Device for batch transportation of sand-lime bricks by road. Basic parameters and dimensions. Technical requirements

GOST 24332-88 Bricks and silicate stones. Ultrasonic method for determining compressive strength

Official publication

GOST 25592-91 Ash and slag mixtures from thermal power plants for concrete. Specifications

GOST 25818-91 Fly ash from thermal power plants for concrete. Specifications

GOST 25951-83 Polyethylene shrink film. Specifications

GOST 26644-85 Crushed stone and sand from thermal power plant slag for concrete. Specifications

GOST 27296-2012 Buildings and structures. Methods for measuring sound insulation of building envelopes

GOST 28574-2014 Corrosion protection in construction. Concrete and reinforced concrete structures. Test methods for adhesion of protective coatings

GOST 30108-94 Construction materials and products. Determination of specific effective activity of natural radionuclides

GOST 30244-94 Construction materials. Flammability Test Methods

GOST 32496-2013 Porous aggregates for lightweight concrete. Specifications

Note - When using this standard, it is advisable to check the validity of the reference standards in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet or using the annual information index “National Standards”. which was published as of January 1 of the current year, and according to issues of the monthly information index “National Standards” for this year. If the reference standard is replaced (changed), then when using this standard you should be guided by the replacing (changed) standard. If the reference standard is canceled without replacement, then the provision in which a reference is made to it is applied in the part that does not affect this reference.

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms with corresponding definitions are used in this standard:

3.1 single silicate brick: A silicate product in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with nominal dimensions of 250*120>65 mm.

3.2 silicate thickened (one and a half) brick: A silicate product in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with nominal dimensions 250 * 120 > 88 mm.

3.3 silicate stone: A silicate product in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with nominal dimensions of 250*120*138 mm.

3.4 silicate block: A silicate product in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with a butt width of more than 130 mm.

3.5 powder silicate slab: A silicate product in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with a butt width of no more than 130 mm and a height of more than 138 mm.

3.6 solid product: A product in which there are no voids.

3.7 hollow product: A product having through and non-through voids various shapes and sizes.

3.8 facing brick and stone: Brick and stone that provide the performance characteristics of the masonry and perform decorative functions.

3.9 ordinary brick and stone: Brick and stone that ensure the performance characteristics of the masonry.

3.10 decorative brick: Brick with a decorative coating applied to the front surface (paint, glaze, polymer material and etc.).

3.11 split brick: A brick with a relief surface on the edge, obtained by splitting a solid brick.

Note - The front surface of crushed bricks can be hydrophobized with compounds that reduce its water content.

3.12 rusticated brick: Brick with a natural stone-like face surface obtained through a mechanical processing process.

Note - The front surface of rusticated brick can be hydrophobized with compounds. reducing its water absorption.

GOST 379-2015

3.13 volumetric painted brick: Brick in which the coloring pigment is distributed throughout the entire volume.

3.14 textured brick: Brick with a front surface obtained by mechanical processing (chipped and rusticated brick).

3.15 tongue-and-groove connection: A connection in which the ridge (vertical protrusion) on the butt of one block or partition slab fits into a vertical groove (vertical notch) on the butt of another block or another partition slab.

3.16 polovnyakSlaughter: Parts of the product formed during its splitting.

Note - A product that has a crack running through the entire height of the product and extending over half the width of the product is classified as half.

3.17 broken: Mechanical damage to the edge, edge, corner of the product.

3.18 crack: Rupture of a product without compromising its integrity.

3.19 punctures of the bed of hollow products: Defects of hollow products due to non-through voids. leading to destruction of the bed of products and the formation of through holes.

3.20 sholushenio: Destruction of a product in the form of detachment of thin plates from its surface.

3.21 bed: The working edge of the product, located parallel to the base of the masonry (see Figures 1-3).

3.22 spoons: The largest edge of the product, located perpendicular to the bed (see Figures 1-3).

3.23 poke: The smallest edge of the product, located perpendicular to the bed (see Figures 1-3).

Tmolvvya prm

Lsmhoaya edge

Figure 2 - Block masonry

GOST 379-2015

Lsiyampzh

TUunyuti gr<№

Figure 3 - Masonry from enlarged blocks

4 Classification, dimensions and symbols

4.1 Classification

4.1.1 Brick and stones are divided into ordinary and facing.

4.1.2 Silicate products can be solid or hollow. Voids can be through or non-through.

The number, size and shape of voids are determined by the manufacturer.

4.1.3 The voids must be located perpendicular to the bed and distributed evenly over the cross-section. The thickness of the outer walls of hollow products must be at least 10 mm.

4.1.4 Based on strength, products are divided into grades M100. M125, M150. M175. M200. M250. M300.

4.1.5 Based on frost resistance, products are divided into grades F25. F35. F50. F75. F100.

4.1.6 Depending on the average density of the product in a dry state, it is divided into classes shown in Table 1.

Table 1 - Average density classes of products

4.1.7 The deviation of individual values ​​similar to the density of products in a dry state in the sample (see Table 2) for each range of declared values ​​​​given in Table 1 should not exceed 50 kg/m 3.

Table 2 - Number of samples taken for testing

GOST 379-2015

End of table 2

4.2 Main dimensions

4.2.1 Products are manufactured with nominal dimensions given in Appendix A.

It is allowed, by agreement with the consumer, to manufacture products of other nominal sizes. in this case, the maximum dimensional deviations should not exceed the values ​​​​given in 4.2.2.

4.2.2 Maximum deviations of average dimensions from nominal values ​​should not exceed:

a) for products intended for laying on masonry mortars:

1) in length, width and height.................................................... ±2 mm.

2) along the parallelism of the supporting faces...................................±2 mm:

b) for products intended for masonry with adhesives and thin-seam masonry mortars:

1) in length and width................................................... .....±2 mm.

2) in height......................................................... ..........±1 mm.

3) along the parallelism of the supporting faces................................±1 mm.

For blocks and partition slabs, maximum deviations of average length values ​​from the nominal length are allowed ±3 mm.

4.2.3 For chipped and rusticated brick, unevenness of the textured surface is allowed ♦20 mm. By agreement with the consumer, it is allowed to produce chipped and rusticated bricks with other sizes of textured surface irregularities.

4.3 Symbols

4.3.1 The symbol for silicate products must include the name and designation of the type of product: O - single brick. U - thickened brick (enlarged block, enlarged slab). R - ordinary brick and stone. L - facing brick and stone. Po is a solid product, Pu is a hollow product. Ru - rusticated brick. RuG - hydrophobized rusticated brick. K - crushed brick. KG - hydrophobized crushed brick. D - decorative brick. Ob - volumetric painted brick; grades for strength and frost resistance; medium density class and designation of this standard.

4.3.2 Examples of symbols

Single silicate ordinary solid brick of strength grade M150. frost resistance grade F50. medium density class 1.8:

Brick SORPo-M150/F50/1.8 GOST 379-2015

Silicate single facing hollow brick of strength grade M125. frost resistance grade F25. medium density class 1.4:

Brick SOLPu-MI25/F25/1.4 GOST 379-2015

Silicate thickened ordinary solid brick of strength grade M200, frost resistance grade F100, medium density class 1.6:

Brick SURPo-M200/P00/1.6 GOST 379-2015

Silicate thickened facing hollow brick of strength grade M175. frost resistance grade F75, medium density class 1.4:

Brick SULPu-MP5/R75/1.4 GOST 379-2015

Silicate front solid crushed brick EURO strength grade M175, frost resistance grade F50. medium density class 1.8:

Brick EURO SLPoK-M175/B50/1.8 GOST 379-2015

Silicate single facing solid rusticated brick of strength grade M150. frost resistance grade F50. medium density class 1.8:

Brick C 0/1 According to Ru-M150/F50/1.8 GOST 379-2015

Silicate thickened facing hollow rusticated hydrophobized brick of strength grade M150, frost resistance grade F50, medium density class 1.6:

Brick SULPuRUG-M150/F50/1.6 GOST 379-2015

Ordinary silicate hollow stone, strength grade M175, frost resistance grade F35. medium density class 1.6:

Stone CKPTly-M175/F35/1.6 GOST 379-2015

Silicate hollow block of strength grade M200. frost resistance grade F50. medium density class 1.4:

Block SBPu-M200/B50/1.4 GOST 379-2015

Silicate enlarged solid block of strength grade M250. frost resistance grade F100. medium density class 2.0:

Block SBUPo-M250/B100/ 2.0 GOST 379-2015

Solid silicate block with the addition of expanded clay, strength grade Ml 50. frost resistance grade F35, medium density class 1.6:

Block with expanded clay SBPo-M150/B35/1.6 GOST 379-2015

Silicate solid partition slab of strength grade M150. medium density class 1.8:

Partition plate SPPO-M150/1.8 GOST 379-2015

Silicate enlarged hollow partition slab of strength grade M175. medium density class 1.6:

Partition plate SPUPu-M175/1.6 GOST 379-2015

4.3.3 It is allowed to enter additional information into the symbol for complete identification of products.

When carrying out export-import operations, the product designation may be specified in the contract for the supply of products (including entering additional alphanumeric or other information).

5 Technical requirements

Products should be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard according to technological regulations approved by the manufacturer.

5.1 Characteristics

5.1.1 Appearance

5.1.1.1 Facing bricks are made:

With a smooth and embossed (textured) front surface (rusticated and chipped);

With the front surface textured by shotcrete, engobing or other means;

With hydrophobized front surface.

Facing bricks can be of a natural color, volumetric painted or with a decorative coating. applied to the surface of the product.

5.1.1.2 Facing bricks and stones must have two facing surfaces: bonded and tongued. By agreement with the consumer, it is allowed to produce products with one front surface.

5.1.1.3 It is allowed to produce products with rounded vertical ribs with a radius of curvature of no more than 5 mm. as well as curly ones.

GOST 379-2015

5.1.1.4 The color (shade of color) of the facing brick must correspond to the reference sample. Inclusions of clay and organic matter are not allowed on the front surfaces. Point inclusions of unpainted silicate mass and other inclusions no larger than 5 mm in size are allowed. The color of textured surfaces must correspond to the reference sample.

5.1.1.5 Defects in appearance are not allowed on facing bricks and stones, the size and number of which on one product exceed those indicated in Table 3.

Table 3 - Defects in the appearance of facing bricks and stones

5.1.1.6 On ordinary brick and stone, as well as on a block and partition slab, appearance defects are not allowed, the size and number of which on one product exceed those indicated in Table 4.

Table 4 - Defects in the appearance of ordinary bricks and stones, blocks and slabs

Figure 4 - Characteristic cracks on products

INTERSTATE COUNCIL FOR STANDARDIZATION, METROLOGY AND CERTIFICATION

INTERSTATE COUNCIL FOR STANDARDIZATION, METROLOGY AND CERTIFICATION

INTERSTATE

STANDARD

BRICKS, STONES, BLOCKS AND SILICATE PARTITION PLATES

General technical conditions

Official publication

Preface

The chains, basic principles and basic procedure for carrying out work on interstate standardization are established by GOST 1.0-92 “Interstate standardization system. Basic provisions" and GOST 1.2-2009 "Interstate standardization system. Interstate standards, rules and recommendations for interstate standardization. Rules for development, adoption, application, updating and cancellation"

Standard information

1 DEVELOPED by the non-profit partnership "Association of Silicate Products Manufacturers" (NP "APSI"), OJSC Scientific Research Center "Construction" - TsNIISK im. Kucherenko, Limited Liability Company "VNIISTROM "Scientific Center of Ceramics" (LLC "VNIISTROM "NCC")

2 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 465 “Construction”

3 ADOPTED by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (protocol dated January 30, 2015 No. 74-P)

4 By Order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology dated April 9, 2015 No. 246-st, the interstate standard GOST 379-2015 was put into effect as a national standard of the Russian Federation on October 1, 2015.

5 INSTEAD GOST 379-95

Information about changes to this standard is published in the annual information index “National Standards”, and the text of changes and amendments is published in the monthly information index “National Standards”. In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard, the corresponding notice will be published in the monthly information index “National Standards”. Relevant information, notices and texts are also posted in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet ()

©Standardinform. 2015

In the Russian Federation, this standard cannot be reproduced in whole or in part. replicated and distributed as an official publication without permission from the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology

INTERSTATE STANDARD

BRICKS, STONES. SILICATE PARTITION BLOCKS AND PLATES General technical specifications

Silicate bricks, stones, blocks and partition blocks. General specifications

Date of introduction - 2015-10-01

1 area of ​​use

This standard applies to silicate bricks, stones, blocks and partition slabs (hereinafter referred to as products), manufactured by pressing a moistened mixture of siliceous materials and lime or other weight-containing components using pigments, light aggregates and without them, and subsequent hardening under hydrothermal treatment conditions in an autoclave.

Silicate products are used for masonry and cladding of load-bearing, self-supporting and non-load-bearing walls and other elements of residential, public and industrial buildings and structures.

This standard uses normative references to the following interstate standards:

GOST 162-90 Vernier depth gauges. Specifications

GOST 166-89 (ISO 3599-76) Calipers. Specifications

GOST 427-75 Metal measuring rulers. Specifications

GOST 530-2012 Ceramic brick and stone. General technical conditions

GOST 3344-83 Crushed stone and slag sand for road construction. Specifications

GOST 3560-73 Steel packaging tape. Specifications

GOST 3749-77 Test squares 90 e. Technical conditions

GOST 7025-91 Ceramic and silicate bricks and stones. Methods for determining water absorption. density and frost resistance control

GOST 8273-75 Wrapping paper. Specifications

GOST 8462-85 Wall materials. Methods for determining compressive and bending strengths

GOST 8736-2014 Sand for construction work. Technical specifications GOST 9179-77 Construction lime. Technical specifications GOST 10354-82 Polyethylene film. Technical specifications GOST 14192-96 Marking of cargo

GOST 15846-2002 Products sent to the Far North and equivalent areas. Packaging, labeling, transportation and storage

GOST 22690-88 Concrete. Determination of strength by mechanical methods of non-destructive testing

GOST 23421-79 Device for batch transportation of sand-lime bricks by road. Basic parameters and dimensions. Technical requirements

GOST 24332-88 Bricks and silicate stones. Ultrasonic method for determining compressive strength

Official publication

GOST 25592-91 E-slag mixtures for thermal power plants for concrete. Technical conditions*

GOST 25818-91 Fly ash from thermal power plants for concrete. Specifications

GOST 25951-83 Polyethylene shrink film. Specifications

GOST 26644-85 Crushed stone and sand from thermal power plant slag for concrete. Specifications

GOST 27296-2012 Buildings and structures. Methods for measuring sound insulation of enclosing structures

GOST 28574-2014 Corrosion protection in construction. Concrete and reinforced concrete structures. Test methods for adhesion of protective coatings

GOST 30108-94 Construction materials and products. Determination of specific effective activity of natural radionuclides

GOST 30244-94 Construction materials. Flammability Test Methods

GOST 32496-2013 Porous aggregates for lightweight concrete. Specifications

Note - When using this standard, it is advisable to check the validity of the reference standards in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet or using the annual information index “National Standards”, which was published as of January 1 of the current year, and on issues of the monthly information index “National Standards” for the current period. If the reference standard is replaced (changed), then when using this standard you should be guided by the replacing (changed) standard. If the reference standard is canceled without replacement, then the provision in which a reference is made to it is applied in the part that does not affect this reference.

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms with corresponding definitions are used in this standard:

3.1 single silicate brick: A silicate product in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with nominal dimensions of 250*120*65 mm.

3.2 silicate thickened (one-and-a-half) brick: A silicate product in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with nominal dimensions of 250*120*88 mm.

3.3 silicate stone: A silicate product in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with nominal dimensions of 250*120*138 mm.

3.4 silicate block: A silicate product in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with a butt width of more than 130 mm.

3.5 partition silicate slab: A silicate product in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with a butt width of no more than 130 mm and a height of more than 138 mm.

3.6 solid product: A product in which there are no voids.

3.7 hollow product: A product that has through and non-through voids of various shapes and sizes.

3.8 facing brick and stone: Brick and stone that provide the performance characteristics of the masonry and perform decorative functions.

3.9 ordinary brick and stone: Brick and stone that ensure the performance characteristics of the masonry.

3.10 decorative brick: Brick with a decorative coating (paint, glaze, polymer material, etc.) applied to the front surface.

3.11 split brick: A brick with a relief surface on the edge, obtained by splitting a solid brick.

Note - The front surface of crushed bricks can be hydrophobic with compounds that reduce its water content.

3.12 rusticated brick: Brick with a natural stone-like face surface obtained through a mechanical processing process.

Note - The front surface of rusticated brick can be hydrophobized with compounds. reducing its water absorption.

3.13 volumetric painted brick: Brick in which the coloring pigment is distributed throughout the entire volume.

3.14 textured brick: Brick with a front surface obtained by mechanical processing (chipped and rusticated brick).

3.15 tongue-and-groove connection: A connection in which the ridge (vertical protrusion) on the butt of one block or partition plate fits into a vertical groove (vertical notch) on the butt of another block or another partition plate.

3.16 half/broken: Parts of a product formed during its splitting.

Note - A product that has a crack running through the entire height of the product and extending over half the width of the product is classified as a ladle.

3.17 broken: Mechanical damage to the edge, edge, corner of the product.

3.16 crack: Rupture of a product without compromising its integrity.

3.19 punctures of the bed of hollow products: Defects of hollow products in unoccupied voids, leading to the destruction of the bed of products and the formation of through holes.

3.20 peeling: Destruction of a product in the form of detachment of thin plates from its surface.

3.21 bed: The working edge of the product, located parallel to the base of the masonry (see Figures 1-3).

3.22 spoons: The largest edge of the product, located perpendicular to the bed (see Figures 1-3).

3.23 poke: The smallest edge of the product, located perpendicular to the bed (see figure

Figure 1 - Brickwork

Figure 2 - Block masonry

Tb/chkov" grunt

Lsshdmyagry

Figure E - Masonry from enlarged blocks

4 Classification" dimensions and symbols

4.1 Classification

4.1.1 Brick and stones are divided into ordinary and facing.

4.1.2 Silicate products can be solid or hollow. Voids can be through or non-through.

The number, size and shape of voids are determined by the manufacturer.

4.1.3 The voids must be located perpendicular to the bed and distributed evenly over the cross-section. The thickness of the outer walls of hollow products must be at least 10 mm.

4.1.4 Based on strength, products are divided into grades M100. M125. M150. M175. M200, M2S0. M300.

4.1.5 Based on frost resistance, products are divided into grades F25. F3S. FSO. F75. F100.

4.1.6 Depending on the average density of the product in a dry state, it is divided into classes given in Table 1.

Table 1 - Average density classes of products

4.1.7 The deviation of individual values ​​of the average density of products in the dry state in the sample (see Table 2) for each range of declared values ​​​​given in Table 1 should not exceed 50 kg/m 3.

Table 2 - Number of samples taken for testing

End of table 2

4.2 Main dimensions

4.2.1 Products are manufactured with nominal dimensions, other fittings and in Appendix A.

It is allowed, by agreement with the consumer, to manufacture products of other nominal sizes. In this case, the maximum dimensional deviations should not exceed the values ​​​​given in 4.2.2.

4.2.2 Maximum deviations of average dimensions from nominal values ​​should not exceed:

a) for products intended for laying on masonry mortars:

1) in length, width and height.................................................... ±2 mm.

2) along the parallelism of the supporting faces...................................±2 mm;

b) for products intended for masonry with adhesives and thin-seam masonry mortars:

1) in length and width................................................... .....±2 mm.

2) in height......................................................... ..........±1 mm.

3) along the parallelism of the supporting faces................................±1 mm.

For blocks and partition slabs, maximum deviations of average length values ​​from the nominal length are allowed ±3 mm.

4.2.3 For chipped and rusticated bricks, unevenness of the textured surface is allowed ±20 mm. By agreement with the consumer, it is allowed to produce chipped and rusticated bricks with other sizes of textured surface irregularities.

4.3 Symbols

4.3.1 The symbol for silicate products must include the name and designation of the type of product: O - single brick. U - thickened brick (enlarged block, enlarged slab). R - ordinary brick and stone. L - facing brick and stone. Po is a full-bodied product. Pu is a hollow product. Ru - rusticated brick. RuG - hydrophobized rusticated brick. K - crushed brick. KG - hydrophobized crushed brick. D - decorative brick. Ob - three-dimensionally painted brick: grades for strength and frost resistance; medium density class and designation of this standard.

4.3.2 Examples of symbols

Single silicate ordinary solid brick of strength grade M150. frost resistance grade F50. medium density class 1.8:

Brick SORPo-M150/R50/1.8 GOST 379-2015

Silicate single facing hollow brick, strength grade M125, frost resistance grade F25. medium density class 1.4:

Brick SOLPu-M1257P2S/1.4 GOST 379-201S

Silica thickened ordinary solid brick of strength grade M200. frost resistance grade F100. medium density class 1.6:

Brick SURPo-M200/R100L,6 GOST 379-2015

Silicate thickened facing hollow brick of strength grade M175. frost resistance grade F75. medium density class 1.4:

Brick SULPu-M175/R75/1.4 GOST 379-2015

Silicate front solid crushed brick EURO strength grade M175. frost resistance grade F50. medium density class 1.8:

Brick EURO SLPoK-M17S/F50/1.8 GOST 379-2015

Silicate single-face solid rusticated brick, strength grade M150, frost resistance grade F50. medium density class 1.8:

Brick SOLPORu-M150/G50/1.8 GOST 37*-2015

Silicate thickened facing hollow rusticated hydrophobized brick of strength grade M150, frost resistance grade F50. medium density class 1.6:

Brick SULPuRUG-M150/F50/1.6 GOST 379-201S

Ordinary silicate hollow stone of strength grade M175. frost resistance grade F35, medium density class 1.6:

Stone SKRPu-M175/R35/1.6 GOST 379-2015

Silicate hollow block of strength grade M200. frost resistance grade F50. medium density class 1.4:

Block SBPu-M200/R50/1.4 GOST 379-2015

Silicate enlarged solid block of strength grade M250. frost resistance grade F100. medium density class 2.0:

Block SBUPo-M2$0/R100/2.0 GOST 379-2015

Solid silicate block with the addition of expanded clay, strength grade M150. frost resistance grade F35. medium density class 1.6:

Block with expanded clay SBPo-M150/R35/1.6 GOST 379-2015

Silicate solid partition slab of strength grade M150. medium density class 1.8:

Partition plate SPPO-M150/1.8 GOST 379-2015

Silicate enlarged hollow partition slab of strength grade M175, medium density class 1.6:

Partition plate SPUPu-M175/1.6 GOST 379-2015

4.3.3 It is allowed to enter additional information into the symbol for complete identification of products.

When carrying out export-import operations, the product designation may be specified in the contract for the supply of products (including entering additional alphanumeric or other information).

5 Technical requirements

Products should be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard according to technological regulations approved by the manufacturer.

5.1 Characteristics

5.1.1 Appearance

5.1.1.1 Facing bricks are made:

With a smooth and embossed (textured) front surface (rusticated and chipped):

With the front surface textured by shotcrete, engobing or other means;

With hydrophobic front surface.

Facing bricks can be of a natural color, volumetric painted or with a decorative coating. applied to the surface of the product.

5.1.1.2 Facing bricks and stones must have two facing surfaces: bonded and tongued. By agreement with the consumer, it is allowed to produce products with one front surface.

5.1.1.3 It is allowed to produce products with rounded vertical ribs with a radius of curvature of no more than 5 mm. as well as curly ones.

5.1.1.4 The color (shade of color) of the facing brick must correspond to the reference sample. Inclusions of clay and organic matter are not allowed on the front surfaces. Point inclusions of unpainted silicate mass and other inclusions no larger than 5 mm in size are allowed. The color of textured surfaces must correspond to the reference sample.

5.1.1.5 Defects in appearance are not allowed on facing bricks and stones, the size and number of which on one product exceed those indicated in Table 3.

Table 3 - Defects in the appearance of facing bricks and stones

5.1.1.6 On ordinary brick and stone, as well as on a block and partition slab, appearance defects are not allowed, the size and number of which on one product exceed those indicated in Table 4.

Table 4 - Defects in the appearance of ordinary bricks and stones, blocks and pgyg

a) Trshrnapo mshsh kyaooaov grazhnvshfyudodbmm mvdrlryaktsya

Figure 4 - Characteristic cracks on products

5.1.1.7 In ordinary brick and stone, as well as in block and partition slab, the presence of clay, sand, lime and foreign inclusions larger than 5 mm in an amount of more than three is not allowed at the fracture or on the surface.

The presence of these inclusions on the surface of facing bricks and stones is not allowed; no more than three are allowed in a fracture.

5.1.1.8 Defects in products (swelling and peeling of the surface, the presence of a network of small cracks from unquenched silicate mass, punctures in the bed of hollow products) are not allowed.

5.1.2 The amount of poloanyak in a batch should not be more than 5% for ordinary bricks and stones, as well as blocks and partition slabs, 2% for facing bricks and stones.

5.1.3 Physical and mechanical properties

5.1.3.1 The grade of stone, blocks and partition slabs is established according to the compressive strength, the brick grade - according to the compressive and bending strength specified in Table 5.

Table 5 - Strength limits of products in compression and bending

The strength grade of facing bricks and stones must be at least M125.

5.1.3.2 The frost resistance grade of products is taken to be the number of cycles of alternating freezing and thawing, after which the products show no signs of visible damage (peeling, delamination, chipping, etc.). the reduction in compressive strength does not exceed 20%. weight loss -10%.

The frost resistance grade of partition slabs is not established.

5.1.3.3 The adhesion strength of the decorative coating to the surface of the decorative brick must be at least 0.6 MPa (6 kgf/cm2).

5.1.3.4 Water absorption of products must be at least 6%.

5.1.3.5 Products belong to the group of non-combustible building materials according to GOST 30244.

5.1.3.6 Products intended for masonry of external walls of buildings and structures must be tested to determine the thermal conductivity coefficient of masonry in accordance with 7.13.

5.1.3.7 Silicate blocks and partition slabs used as interior and inter-apartment partitions must be tested to determine the airborne noise insulation index.

5.1.4 The specific effective activity of natural radionuclides in the product should be no more than 370 Bq/kg.

5.2 Requirements for raw materials and supplies

5.2.1 The materials used for the manufacture of products must comply with the requirements of current regulatory and technical documents for these materials and ensure the production of products with the technical characteristics established by this standard.

5.2.2 The list of materials used is given in Appendix B.

5.3 Marking

5.3.1 Each packaging unit of products (package, stack) must be marked. The marking may be applied to the packaging or a label attached to the packaging in a manner that ensures its safety during transportation.

The marking must contain:

Manufacturer's name or trademark:

Product designation;

Batch number and date of manufacture;

Number of products in a packaging unit, pieces.

The manufacturer may include additional information in the labeling that does not contradict the requirements of this standard and allows identification of the product and its manufacturer.

5.3.2 Each package (transport package) must have transport markings in accordance with GOST 14192.

5.4 Packaging

5.4.1 Products must be placed on a pallet in a way that ensures the safety of the packaging unit during storage and transportation.

5.4.2 Stacked products must be packed in heat-shrinkable film in accordance with GOST 25951 or polyethylene film in accordance with GOST 10354 or other materials that ensure the safety of the products.

5.4.3 One packaging unit must contain products of the same symbol.

5.4.4 By agreement with the consumer, other types of packaging are allowed to ensure the safety of products during transportation.

6 Acceptance rules

6.1 Products must be accepted by the technical control of the manufacturer.

6.2 Products are accepted in batches. The volume of a batch of products is set in an amount not exceeding the daily production output.

The batch must consist of products of the same symbol.

6.3 To verify compliance of products with the requirements of this standard, acceptance and periodic tests are carried out.

Acceptance tests are carried out according to the following indicators:

Appearance (presence of appearance defects);

Presence of defects from unextinguished silicate mass and bed punctures:

Presence of inclusions on the surface and in the fracture;

Color (color shade):

Dimensions and parallelism of supporting faces;

Product weight;

Compressive strength.

6.4 Periodic tests are carried out at least once:

Per month - to determine the adhesion strength of the decorative coating to the surface of the decorative brick, the bending strength of the brick:

Per quarter - to determine frost resistance and water flow. average density of products;

Per year - to determine the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides in the product in the absence of data from the supplier of raw materials on the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides in the supplied materials.

Periodic tests are also carried out when raw materials change.

The thermal conductivity coefficient of masonry and the airborne noise insulation index of products are determined when products are put into production, as well as when the materials used, size and number of voids change.

6.5 To carry out acceptance and periodic tests, product samples are taken from different places in the batch by random sampling in accordance with Table 2.

Selected samples of products are checked for compliance with the requirements of this standard in appearance, size and correctness of shape, and then tested.

The results of periodic tests are applied to all supplied batches of products until the next periodic tests are carried out.

6.6 If, when checking the size and correctness of the shape of products selected from a batch, one product does not meet the requirements of the standard, the batch is accepted; if two, the batch is not subject to acceptance.

6.7 If unsatisfactory results are obtained when testing products according to other indicators specified in Table 5, repeated tests are carried out on these indicators with a double number of samples taken from this batch.

A batch of products is accepted if the results of repeated tests satisfy the requirements of this standard; if they do not, the batch is not subject to acceptance.

6.8 Each batch of supplied products is accompanied by a quality document, which indicates:

Name of the manufacturer and/or its trademark:

Product name and symbol:

Number and date of issue of the document:

Batch number and number of products in the batch in pieces:

Brand for strength and frost resistance:

Weight of one product:

Medium density class:

Water absorption;

The adhesion strength of the decorative coating to the surface of the decorative brick;

Thermal conductivity coefficient of masonry:

Specific effective activity of natural radionuclides:

Designation of this standard.

7 Control methods

7.1 Dimensions of products, parallelism of supporting edges, thickness of the outer walls of hollow products. the length of cracks, the depth of roughness and failure, the depth of broken and blunted corners and ribs are measured using a ruler in accordance with GOST 427, a caliper in accordance with GOST 166, a depth gauge in accordance with GOST 162, a square in accordance with GOST 3749 with a measurement error of no more than 1 mm.

7.2 The length and width of the product are measured in three places - along the ribs and the middle of the bed, the height - in the middle of the poke and spoon. The arithmetic mean of the measured values ​​is taken as the final result.

7.3 To determine the parallelism of the supporting edges, measure the four edges of the product in length, width and height and calculate the difference between the largest and smallest values ​​of the measurement results.

7.4 The depth of broken and blunted corners and edges is measured perpendicularly from the top of the corner or edge formed by the square to the damaged surface.

7.5 Roughness and disruption of edges are determined by measuring the gap between the edge of the product and the edge of a metal ruler attached to it.

7.6 The number of inclusions and their size are determined at the fracture of one of the paired halves.

7.7 Defects from unquenched silicate mass are determined visually.

7.8 The color (shade) of volume-painted and decorative bricks is checked by comparing brick samples with two standard samples, one of which is painted in an acceptable pale tone, the other in an acceptable saturated tone of a given color. Brick painted weaker than the pale tone standard sample and stronger than the saturated tone standard sample is not subject to acceptance. Comparison with reference samples is carried out outdoors in daylight at a distance of 10 m from the inspector’s eyes.

7.9 The compressive strength limits of stones, blocks and partition slabs and the compressive and bending strength of bricks are determined according to GOST 8462.

7.9.1 It is allowed to determine the compressive strength of products using the ultrasonic method in accordance with GOST 24332.

For each type of product, their own calibration dependence is built based on the results of testing by the ultrasonic method and testing by the mechanical (destructive) method.

To establish the calibration relationship, at least five products of the same type are selected. The propagation time of ultrasound in products is measured.

The strength of the tested product is determined by a calibration dependence based on the average values ​​of the ultrasound propagation time determined for a given product and the type of calibration dependence.

Based on the obtained individual strength values ​​of products selected from a given batch, their arithmetic mean and minimum strength values ​​are found.

The strength grade of products in a batch is assigned in accordance with Table 4.

Suitability assessment and verification of calibration dependencies is carried out at least once a year. If there is no equipment in the manufacturer’s laboratory that allows determining compressive strength by destructive method, these tests should be carried out to establish or verify calibration dependencies by an accredited laboratory at the specified intervals.

7.9.2 For blocks with a height of at least 188 mm, it is allowed to determine the compressive strength using the shock pulse method in accordance with GOST 22690. Strength control by this non-destructive method is carried out in accordance with the mandatory use of pre-established calibration dependencies.

7.10 Frost resistance, absorption and average density of products are determined according to GOST 7025.

7.10.1 The frost resistance of bricks, stones and blocks is determined by the volumetric freezing method. The degree of damage to all samples is assessed every five freeze-thaw cycles. Frost resistance is assessed by the degree of damage, loss of strength or loss of weight.

The number of samples to be tested to determine frost resistance is given in Table 2.

7.10.2 Water absorption is determined when samples are saturated with water at a temperature of (20 ± 5) * C at atmospheric pressure.

7.10.3 The result of determining the average density of products is rounded to 10 kg/m3.

7.11 The adhesion strength of the decorative coating to the surface of the decorative brick is determined according to GOST 28574 (subsection 2.3) taking into account the following additions:

Tests are carried out on three samples (see table 2);

For testing, a metal plate with a thickness of 3-5 mm and a size of at least 20x20 mm is used. equipped with a loop:

The plate is glued to the coating of the product with a thin layer of quickly polymerizing glue of the following composition (parts by weight):

1000 - epoxy resin.

10 - loliehylene polyamine,

250 - Portland cement.

Before testing, a coating cut is made along the perimeter of the plate. The test is carried out no earlier than 2 days after keeping the samples at room temperature.

The adhesion strength of the decorative coating to the surface of the decorative brick is determined as the arithmetic mean of the results of three tests.

7.12 The thermal conductivity coefficient of masonry is determined according to GOST 530.

7.14 The specific effective activity of natural radionuclides is determined according to GOST 30108.

8 Transportation and storage

8.1 Silicate products are stored in technological stacks on steaming trolleys or pallets on flat, hard-surfaced areas cleared of debris, separately by type and brand, front products, in addition, separately by color and texture of the front surface.

8.2 Products are transported by all types of transport in accordance with the Rules for the carriage of goods. applicable to this type of transport, and documentation requirements for loading and securing cargo, approved in the prescribed manner.

8.3 Products are transported in packages. Installation of technological stacks on packaging means is carried out mechanized. By agreement with the consumer, it is allowed to transport bricks in technological stacks.

8.4 The weight of one package should not exceed the rated load capacity of the pallet.

8.5 Loading bricks in bulk into vehicles is permitted only in accordance with the consumer's requirements. Loading other types of products in bulk (throwing) and unloading them by dropping are not allowed.

8.6 Transportation of products by road is carried out on pallets according to the laying scheme and types of packaging established by the regulatory document of the manufacturer, including bags using fastening devices (removable or stationary) as packaging means in accordance with GOST 23421. When using fastening devices, the bags are fastened in the back of a vehicle.

Transportation of facing bricks with decorative coating is carried out by road or rail in packages on pallets. When stacking on pallets, cardboard or paper is laid between the front surfaces in accordance with GOST 8273. When loading, packages with products must be packed with shrink or stretch film and secured with metal in accordance with GOST 3560 or plastic tape.

GOST 379-95 Bricks and silicate stones

1 area of ​​use

This standard also applies to stones (hereinafter referred to as products) manufactured by pressing a moistened mixture of siliceous materials and lime or other lime-containing binders with or without the use of pigments, followed by hardening under the influence of saturated steam in an autoclave. Brick and stones are used for laying stone and reinforced stone external and internal walls of buildings and structures, as well as for their cladding with facing products. The requirements set out in paragraphs 3.1, 3.2, 3.3.1, 3.3.3 - 3.3.5, 4.1.1.4 - 4.1.1.9, 4.1.2 - 4.1.5, 4.1.9, sections 5 and 6 are mandatory. Amendment. IUS 10-96

- GOST 162-90 Vernier depth gauges. Specifications

- GOST 166-89 Calipers. Specifications

- GOST 427-75 Metal measuring rulers. Specifications

- GOST 2228-81 Sack paper. Specifications

- GOST 3560-73 Steel packaging tape. Specifications

- GOST 3749-77 Test squares 90°. Specifications

- GOST 7025-91 Ceramic and silicate bricks and stones. Methods for determining water absorption, density and frost resistance control.

- GOST 8273-75 Wrapping paper Technical conditions

- GOST 8462-85 Wall materials. Methods for determining compressive and bending strengths

- GOST 10354-82 Polyethylene film TGOST 14192-77 Cargo marking

- GOST 15846-79 Products sent to the Far North and hard-to-reach areas. Packaging, labeling, transportation and storage

- GOST 18242-72 Statistical acceptance control based on an alternative criterion. Control plans

- GOST 18343-80 Pallets for bricks and ceramic stones. Specifications

- GOST 23421-79 Device for batch transportation of sand-lime bricks by road. Basic parameters and dimensions. Technical requirements

- GOST 24332-88 Bricks and silicate stones. Ultrasonic method for determining compressive strength

- GOST 24816-81 Construction materials. Method for determining sorption humidity

- GOST 25951-83 Polyethylene shrink film. Specifications

- GOST 30108-94 Construction materials and products. Determination of specific effective activity of natural radionuclides

- GOST 30244-94 Construction materials. Flammability test methods

Table 1

3.2 Maximum deviations from the nominal dimensions and geometric shape of the product must not exceed, mm:

Length, thickness and width - ±2;

By parallelism of the faces - +2.

3.3 Types and sizes

3.3.1 Single and thickened bricks are made solid and hollow, stones are made only hollow.

3.3.2 The dimensions, shape and location of holes in the product, as well as the hollowness of the product are given in Appendix A.

3.3.3 Holes in products must be non-through and located perpendicular to the bed. The thickness of the outer walls of hollow products must be at least 10 mm.

The product can be manufactured with a different hollowness, with holes of a different shape and location, provided that the requirements of 4.1.2, 4.1.4, 4.1.8 are met.

Amendment. IUS 10-96

3.3.4 Based on strength, products are manufactured in the following grades: 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 250, 300.

3.3.5 Based on frost resistance, products are manufactured in the following brands: F15, F25, F35, F50.

The frost resistance grade of facial products must be at least F25.

3.3.6 Depending on the average density, solid products are divided into:

Porous with an average density of up to 1500 kg/mm³;

Dense over 1500 kg/m³.

3.3.7 Depending on the purpose, the products are manufactured with front and regular ones.

3.3.8 The symbol of silicate products must consist of the name, type and purpose of the product, grade for strength and frost resistance, designation of this standard.

Examples of symbols:

- Single silicate brick, ordinary strength grade 150, frost resistance grade F15:

- Brick SOR-150/15 GOST 379-95

- Thickened silicate brick of ordinary strength grade 175, frost resistance grade F25:

- Brick SUR-175/25 GOST 379-95

- Thickened silicate brick, face grade, strength 200, frost resistance grade F35:

- Brick SUL-200/35 GOST 379-95

- Decorative silicate brick, strength grade 150, frost resistance grade F25:

- Brick SLD-150/25 GOST 379-95

- Ordinary silicate stone, strength grade 125, frost resistance grade F15:

- Stone SR-125/15 GOST 379-95

4 Technical requirements

Products must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard according to technological regulations approved by the manufacturer.

4.1 Characteristics

4.1.1 Appearance

4.1.1.1 According to the texture of the front surface, front products are made smooth with a decorative coating; by color - unpainted, having the color of the raw materials from which they are made, or painted - from a painted mixture or with surface painting of the front edges.

4.1.1.2 Face products must have two front surfaces: splice and spoon.

By agreement with the consumer, it is allowed to produce products with one front surface.

4.1.1.3 The surface of the edges of the product must be flat, the edges must be straight.

It is allowed to produce face products with rounded vertical ribs with a radius of no more than 6 mm.

4.1.1.4 The color (shade of color) of facial products must correspond to the reference sample.

Stains on the front surface of products are not allowed.

4.1.1.5 On an ordinary product, appearance defects are not allowed, the size and number of which exceed those indicated in Table 2.

table 2

4.1.1.6. Broken and dull corners and edges, roughness, cracks and other damage on the front surfaces of finished products are not allowed.

4.1.1.7 Punctures in the bed of hollow products larger than 10 mm, as well as product defects (swelling and peeling of the surface, an increase in volume, the presence of a network of small cracks from unquenched silicate mixture) are not allowed.

4.1.1.8 In an ordinary product, the presence of clay, sand, lime and foreign inclusions larger than 5 mm in an amount of more than 3 in a fracture or on the surface is not allowed.

For facial products, the presence of these inclusions on the surface is not allowed; no more than 3 are allowed in a fracture.

4.1.1.9 The amount of ladle in a batch should be no more than 5% for ordinary products, 2% for front products.

4.1.2 The strength grade of stone is determined by the compressive strength, and the brick grade by the compressive and bending strength specified in Table 3.

Table 3

4.1.3 The adhesion strength of the decorative coating to the surface of facial products must be at least 0.6 MPa (6 kgf/cm²).

4.1.4 The frost resistance grade is taken to be the number of cycles of alternating freezing and thawing, during which there are no signs of visible damage in the products (peeling, delamination, spalling, etc.), and the reduction in compressive strength does not exceed 25% for ordinary and 20% for facial products.

The adhesion strength of the decorative coating to the surface of the product after testing for frost resistance must be at least 0.6 MPa.

4.1.5 Water absorption of products must be at least 6%.

4.1.6 The weight of thickened bricks in a dried state should be no more than 4.3 kg.

By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, reflected in the supply contract, it is allowed to produce thickened solid bricks weighing more than 4.3 kg.

4.1.7 Products belong to the group of non-combustible building materials according to GOST 30244.

4.1.8 Products intended for laying external walls of buildings and structures must be tested for thermal conductivity in accordance with 6.13.

4.1.9 The specific effective activity of natural radionuclides in the product should be no more than 370 Bq/kg.

4.2 Requirements for raw materials and materials

4.2.1 The materials used in the manufacture of products must comply with the requirements of current regulatory and technical documents for these materials and ensure that products obtain the specified technical characteristics.

The list of materials used is given in Appendix B.

4.3 Marking

4 3.1 Products must be marked in each stack (package), one in the middle row.

4.3.2 The manufacturer’s trademark is applied to the product with indelible paint using a stencil or stamp.

4.3.3 Each package (package) must have transport markings in accordance with GOST 14192.

5 Acceptance rules

5.1 Products must be accepted by the technical control of the manufacturer.

5.2 Products are accepted in batches. The volume of a batch of products is set at no more than the output of one autoclave per heat treatment cycle.

The batch must consist of products of the same type, of the same brand in terms of strength and frost resistance.

5.3 To check the compliance of products with the requirements of this standard, acceptance and periodic tests are carried out. Acceptance tests are carried out according to the following indicators:

Appearance (presence of appearance defects);

Dimensions and correctness of shape;

Presence of inclusions in the fracture and on the surface;

The presence of punctures and defects from the unextinguished mixture;

Color (shade of color);

Product weight;

Compressive strength;

Bending strength for bricks of grades 75 and 100.

5.4 Periodic tests are carried out at least once:

Per month - to determine the adhesion strength of the decorative coating to the surface of the product, the tensile strength of bricks when bending grades 125 and above;

Per quarter - to determine frost resistance, water absorption, average density of products;

Per year - to determine the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides in the product in the absence of data from the supplier of raw materials on the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides in the supplied materials.

Periodic tests are also carried out when raw materials change.

The thermal conductivity of products is determined when the product is put into production, as well as when changing the materials used, the size and number of voids.

5.5 To carry out acceptance and periodic tests, samples are selected by random sampling from different places in the batch in the quantities specified in 5.6 and 5.7.

5.6 Acceptance of products in terms of appearance is carried out according to a two-stage normal control plan in accordance with the requirements of GOST 18242, while the sample volume, acceptance and rejection numbers must correspond to those indicated in Table 4.

Table 4

For control, an acceptance level of defects is taken equal to 10% for ordinary products and 6.5% for facial products. The batch is accepted if the number of defective products in the sample for the first stage is less than or equal to the acceptance number Ac for the first stage of inspection. The batch is not accepted if the number of defective products is greater than or equal to the rejection number Re for the first stage of control. If the number of defective products in the sample for the first stage of inspection is greater than the acceptance number Ac, but less than the rejection number Re, they proceed to the second stage inspection, for which a sample of the same volume is selected as at the first stage of inspection. A batch of products is accepted if the total number of defective products in the first and second stage samples is less than or equal to the acceptance number Ac. The batch is not accepted if the total number of defective products in the first and second stage samples is equal to or greater than the rejection number Re for the second stage of control.

5.7 To carry out acceptance control for other indicators and periodic tests, a number of samples are selected from a sample of products that meet the requirements of this standard in terms of appearance indicators in accordance with Table 5.

Table 5

5.8 If, when checking the size and correctness of the shape of products selected from a batch, one product does not meet the requirements of the standard, the batch is accepted; if two, the batch is not subject to acceptance.

5.9 If unsatisfactory results are obtained when testing products according to other indicators specified in Table 5, repeated tests are carried out on these indicators with a double number of samples taken from this batch.

A batch of products is accepted if the results of repeated tests satisfy the requirements of the standard; if they do not, the batch is not subject to acceptance.

5.10 Each batch of supplied products must be accompanied by a quality document indicating:

— name of the manufacturer and (or) its trademark;

— name of the product and its symbol;

— number and date of issue of the document;

6.3 To determine the non-parallelism of the edges, measure the four edges of the product in length, width and thickness and calculate the difference between the largest and smallest of the four measurements.

6.4 The depth of broken corners and edges is measured using a caliper depth gauge in accordance with GOST 162 or a square and a ruler along the perpendicular from the top of the corner or edge formed by the square to the damaged surface.

6.5 Roughness and disruption of the surfaces of the edges are determined by measuring the gap between the edge of the product and the edge of the metal ruler attached to it.

6.6 The size of the punctures is determined by the largest measurement result.

6.7 The number of inclusions and their size are determined at the fracture of one of the paired halves.

6.8 Defects from unquenched silicate mass are determined visually.

6.9 The correspondence of the color (shade) of painted products to the standard samples is checked by comparing them with two standard samples, one of which is painted in an acceptable pale tone, and the other in an acceptable saturated tone of a given color. Products painted weaker than the pale tone standard sample and stronger than the saturated tone standard sample are not subject to acceptance. Comparison with reference samples is carried out outdoors in daylight at a distance of 10 m from the inspector’s eye.

6.13 The thermal conductivity of products in masonry is determined according to 6.7.1 GOST 530-95.

6.14 The average density of products is determined according to GOST 7025.

6.15 The specific effective activity of natural radionuclides is determined according to GOST 30108 on products placed in a cross-tied bag or in a technological stack.

7. TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

7.1 Silicate products are stored in technological stacks on steaming trolleys or on flat, hard-surfaced areas cleared of debris, separately by type and brand, and front products, in addition, separately by color and texture of the front surface.

7.2 Products are transported by all types of transport in accordance with the Rules for the carriage of goods in force for this type of transport and the requirements of documentation for loading and securing cargo, approved in the prescribed manner.

7.3 Products are transported in packages. Installation of technological stacks on packaging means is carried out mechanically using special two- and four-sided grippers. By agreement with the consumer, it is allowed to transport bricks in unpackaged form.

7.4 Loading products in bulk (throwing) and unloading them by dropping them is not allowed.

7.5 Transportation of products by rail and water transport is carried out using pallets with ties as packaging means in accordance with the requirements of current regulatory or technical documentation.

When transporting by water, upon agreement with the consumer, it is allowed to use pallets of the type POD 520x1030-075 in accordance with GOST 18343, followed by packaging of the packages with metal tape in accordance with GOST 3560, shrink film in accordance with GOST 25951 or expanding film in accordance with GOST 10354.

Transportation of products by road is carried out using fastening devices (removable or stationary) as packaging means in accordance with GOST 23421. The packages are fastened in the back of the vehicle.

Transportation of facial products with decorative coating is carried out by road or rail in packages on pallets of type POD 520x1030-075. When stacking on pallets, paper is laid between the front surfaces in accordance with GOST 2228 or in accordance with GOST 8273. When loading, packages must be packed with metal tape, shrink or stretch film.

7.6 Transportation of products to the Far North and hard-to-reach areas - in accordance with GOST 15846.

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