How to register a private hotel. What is a mini-hotel and how to open one. Open a successful hostel - how to do it: Video

Where to begin

You need to start by choosing a city. And here there are two options: the city in which you live (easy business control); a city where there is still inexpensive real estate or land.

Sometimes I will allow myself to insert some sensible comments into the texts of articles. Do not miss. Here is the first of them - “There is no hotel that cannot be promoted, you just need to find “your” client for it.” For example, I will take St. Petersburg. Why, you ask, not Moscow or Sochi, which became fashionable just before? Why promote something that is already popular and where people go. Although the same hotels in Sochi or Anapa, packed in summer, are deserted in winter, in autumn and spring. I am interested in working with such objects that will fruitfully gather people all 12 months, and not just during the season. We will write a separate chapter about hotels in the south, and a little later we will also touch on the features of the guest business of the capital.

Center or outskirts

Make as many identical numbers as possible, do not allow a difference in the selling price of more than 7-10% (otherwise you will have different classes of people).

I would like to make a small correction: everything I wrote about, and will write further, is aimed at hotels that want to make good money all year round (especially in winter). If you have prepared and planned everything correctly in the winter, then in the summer you can hardly work.

The client does not like it when his room is made in light colors and resembles a hospital. Dark color creates comfort. You shouldn’t skimp on the floor; a lot of people walk on it and carry heavy suitcases.”

Sanitary unit arrangement:

• shower cabin;
• hanger for 8 towels (two large, medium and small and two under feet);
• terry white robe;
• bath in light colors;
• blue or green tiled floor;
• shelf for accessories;
• glass for toothbrushes;
• liquid soap;
• in the shower there should be another shelf with shampoo, soap and a hair cap;
• the color of soap and water in the toilet should be either green or blue and should not be out of sync with the overall style;
• towels should be white, like linen in all rooms (not cheap!!!);
• linen is changed every three days or after each departure;
• Each bathroom must have good waterproofing.

How to build a hotel

Where to begin

Before you open your own hotel, you must clearly answer yourself - why do I need all this? We do not consider such judgments as “Your own hotel is cool, fashionable and prestigious.” Our company works and helps serious people eager to earn tangible profits. If your motive is precisely “to make money,” then we are on the same path.

You need to start by choosing a city. And here there are two options:

• the city in which you live (easy business control);
• a city where there is still inexpensive real estate or land.

Sometimes I will allow myself to insert some sensible comments into the texts of articles. Do not miss. Here is the first of them - “There is no hotel that cannot be promoted, you just need to find “your” client for it.”

For example, I will take St. Petersburg. Why, you ask, not Moscow or Sochi, which became fashionable just before? Why promote something that is already popular and where people go. Although the same hotels in Sochi or Anapa, packed in summer, are deserted in winter, in autumn and spring. I am interested in working with objects that will fruitfully bring people together throughout the 12 months, and not just during the season.

We will write a separate chapter about hotels in the south; we will also touch upon the features of the capital’s guest business a little later.

Center or outskirts

Let's say that you have decided on a city. Now you need to design the location of the further profit object. There is no hotel that cannot be occupied, but there are hotels that do not correspond to their price.

Let's consider both options: center and outskirts. If you are building a hotel not in the center, then you need to understand who will go there. Let’s take for example a hotel near the Avtovo metro station (and we have encountered worse options), not very wealthy people will go there to live, in a word, not tourists. You always need to remember who your client is.

If you are building a hotel for tourists, you must understand that the center is important for them. But if you manage to fill your hotel only during the white nights, and the rest of the time it will be empty, it will be a disaster! The hotel should ideally be able to accommodate both tourists and ordinary mortals who come to the city for work or to visit relatives. Of course, a small part of tourists come to see St. Petersburg in winter, so give them the opportunity to stay in your hotel.

Do as many identical numbers as possible, do not allow a difference of 7-10% (otherwise you will have different classes of people).

Don't make your room prices too high.

Study the market and find out how much a hotel room costs from competitors. Make your price 10% less in the first year of hotel operation. Enter into agreements with travel agencies and booking agencies. Don't skimp on their commission %. The only ones faithful friends in your business - travel agencies.

Find all the enterprises in your area and enter into corporate agreements with them, under which you also offer a % of the commission and discounts.

Do not offend those who send people to you: this is your money and your stability.

Try to fill your hotel as much as possible at low prices, rather than half fill it at high prices.

Those who run hotels on the outskirts must remember that their client is, first of all, a business traveler.

There is no point in making 4 and 5 star hotels on the outskirts of the city. You will not be able to compete with the hotels in the center (especially in winter).
I would like to make a small correction: everything I wrote about, and will write further, is aimed at hotels that want to make good money all year round (especially in winter). If you have prepared and planned everything correctly in the winter, then in the summer you can hardly work.

What is a standard number...

On average, the room area should be 25 m2: 20 m2 is the room itself, the rest is utility rooms and part of the corridor. If you have 1000 m2, then it is optimal to place 40 rooms on them. “Amenities” in the room - shower and toilet - should occupy about 4 m2. Each room must be able to accommodate a shared double bed (double room) or two separate beds (single room). For every six standard rooms, make one suite and one junior suite.

By international standards, a junior suite is a room with a larger area than all other rooms (except the suite), with an improved design, with one large double bed, a fold-out sofa, a deep bathtub (but not a jacuzzi - for hygiene reasons), a large-diagonal TV with LCD monitor, telephone and refrigerator.

By international standards, a luxury suite is a two-room suite, but in Russia it is often just a large one-room suite, with high-quality renovation, designer know-how, a shower, a toilet with a bidet, a small meeting room with soft armchairs, a good TV and a sofa .

A standard hotel room has two beds that can stand together or separately (minimum width - 140 cm), the floor, as in the entire hotel, is dark, the room itself has a dark carpet, pleasant to the touch, a minibar is possible - as Additional income for a hotel. Each room has a wardrobe outerwear, a mirror at the entrance, a bedside table for suitcases and a hanger. In the room itself there is a telephone, TV, wardrobe, 2 table lamps, 2 chairs or armchairs, two bedside tables for small items.

“The client doesn’t like it when his room is made in light colors and resembles a hospital. Dark color creates coziness. You shouldn’t skimp on the floor; a lot of people walk on it, and also carry heavy suitcases.”

Sanitary unit arrangement:

shower cabin;
hanger for 8 towels (two large, medium and small and two under feet);
terry white robe;
bath in light colors;
blue or green tiled floor;
shelf for accessories;
glass for toothbrushes;
liquid soap;
in the shower there should be another shelf with shampoo, soap and a hair cap;
the color of soap and water in the toilet should be either green or blue and should not be out of sync with the overall style;
towels should be white, like linen in all rooms (not cheap!!!);
linen is changed every three days or after each departure;
Each bathroom must have good waterproofing.

Place suitcase barriers in the corridors to prevent hand luggage from damaging your walls. Make a reception next to the entrance, place a scanner, printer and fax there, if desired, a banknote counter and a banknote detector, and be sure to have a computer with the Internet. Provide free WiFi throughout the hotel.

Designate a special unit for cooking and household needs. If you offer nutritious food, don’t skimp on a good chef. For simple reheating, use the microwave. The kitchen should also have a refrigerator, an egg boiler, a coffee maker and a mini-storage area. In the utility block, place a boiler with hot water, leave some space for the maid. Remember, the utility unit must be invisible.

Equip special places for smoking, do not allow smoke in the rooms.

HOW TO “PROTOCATE” A HOTEL SO THAT IT MAKES EARNINGS?
How many rooms do you want to “promote” the hotel? For 10 numbers or 100? It’s possible for 1000, the essence of the working methods will not change. You can trade both oil and pies, but remember that legal business is hard money, but those who are afraid of doing business should not even try. It’s best to be born the “son of an oligarch” and not worry about anything...
But if you are not so lucky, then you will probably be interested in learning about the principles and features of our method of “promotion” of the hotel business. This method is suitable for both large hotels and mini-hotels.

“A hotel’s earnings directly depend on its occupancy. Increase not the price per room, but the number of clients in the hotel.”
Yours, Alexey Arsenyev.

Focus on partners. Who are they?
Travel agencies;
Corporate clients (partners of any enterprise who stay at your hotel);
Regular customers (not the most significant part. Because they do not stop more than 1-2 times a year).

If the hotel has a good occupancy rate (from 100 rooms), then bars, taxis and other related services in your hotel automatically begin to generate significant income.
The disadvantage of good occupancy is the increase in costs for laundry, cleaning and staff. Your task is to find a middle ground.

“There is no hotel that cannot be 100% occupied; there is bad management and inadequate prices.”

Search for partners among travel agencies (love them).
How to search for travel agencies? Any travel agency will agree to work with you if it sees a benefit for itself (the opportunity to earn money with minimal effort). We need to help travel agencies.

Example:
Travel agency: I will fill your hotel in full, and you will pay me 40% commission.
Hotel: I don’t agree with these conditions.

Why not, you say? If the travel agency fulfills its condition, you will have excellent occupancy rates. And if not, you will no longer cooperate with her.

Take any travel agency directory, call all organizations involved in inbound tourism, and offer them your services.

Attention: this process should only be organized by a professional who can offer mutually beneficial discounts and joint promotions.

Look for partners in other regions and in other countries who will send you tourists. Explore the system of on-line booking and Internet orders.

Look for corporate clients. High-quality PR must be present inside the hotel itself. Tourists must become regular customers and bring new clients (your friends) to you. For this purpose, a survey is conducted in hotels. Offer to conclude contracts directly at the hotel. Corporate clients are also interested in a discount (5-40%: determined by the season and their own greed).

It is best to look for corporate clients working in the area where your hotel is located. In addition, the requests of a corporate client, if possible, should correspond to the level of your hotel. If you have a hostel, do not invite banks to your place.

“The most effective way to promote a hotel is to work under the wing of a management company.”

HOTEL STAFF
Your successful “face” is good staff.

When hiring an administrator, remember that he is the first person in your hotel. What is important in him is charm and a friendly smile, pleasant manners and the absence of the habit of smoking (you must admit that a person who smokes smells bad, and this can scare away guests). For a mini-hotel, it is better to hire a girl for the vacancy of an administrator; for a large hotel, it is possible to hire a young man. The standard dress code for administrators should not be neglected: white top, black bottom (no! - provocative clothing that can compromise the female gender).

Training:

The female administrator must be competent in all matters. Knowledge of foreign languages ​​is desirable if you have a specialized hotel or it is located in the city center where there are many foreign tourists.

“Staff salaries should be adequate, pay a little higher than average city prices! Don’t underestimate rates, otherwise there will be a craving for overtime.”

The minimum working time without a break is 24 hours. The optimal schedule is every three days. Don't let your administrator work often. His appearance and freshness in two days continuous operation leave much to be desired. Try to keep the administrator busy with work, if he has free time - let him sell corporate contracts or conduct surveys. It is necessary to control the work of the administrator. In a small hotel, he should not be embarrassed to be present and help clean the rooms. Before hiring a person, explain to him that he cooperates with people. In a conflict situation, the administrator must listen to the client to the end, and not enter into an argument with him. If your employee does not want to deal with people, let him go to the factory.

“Turnover of hotel administrators should become the norm. Because “administrator” is not a profession for life.”

Tips from Alexey Arsenyev:

Fire old administrators quickly, but take a long time to find new ones.
The future of your hotel depends on the work of the administrator.
Contact management company, which will offer you already well-trained personnel or will be able to quickly and efficiently train yours.
Remember, if you rent out your business, the staff is not your concern at all.

The maid is the first person in your hotel. A guest encounters the results of a maid's work 10 times more often than an administrator. A poorly cleaned toilet or garbage in the center of the room can ruin your relationship with the hotel once and for all!

The administrator must supervise the maid's work. It is advisable to have a “replacement set” of maids - one who works on weekdays, the other on weekends. Optimal working day: from 10.00 to 18.00. Recommendations for the selection of administrators and maids work for both large hotels and mini hotels.

Maid responsibilities:

room cleaning;
change of linen;
monitoring the health of household systems;
reheating breakfast if the hotel does not have a restaurant.
Administrator responsibilities:

client support;
communication with the guest;
issuance of all necessary documentation business travelers;
work with reservation systems and internal systems hotel;
acceptance of payment;
filling out reporting documentation;
participation in preparing breakfast;
cleaning the room in the absence of the maid.

Rules for administrators

All bad moods and personal problems remain behind the hotel doors.
Always have a clean and tidy appearance.
The client must be greeted standing and with a smile.
Be polite and always express interest in everything the client tells you.
Know clearly the advantages and disadvantages of each number.
Try to immediately calculate what problems may arise with this client and options for resolving them.
Know the set of the most frequently made complaints and your behavior pattern in each of them.
If a guest has any complaints, there is no need to explain to him at length and in detail why this happened. It is better to quickly correct the situation (if it is in your power).
Before you say “no” to a client, try your best to make it “yes”.
Even if you initially know that you can’t help, pretend active work to solve the problem.
Not a single client comment should be left unattended.
In any situation, remain calm and equanimous and do not raise your voice.
There are no unsolvable problems.
Before calling the office, try to solve the problem yourself.
Try to remember and recognize the guests.
It’s good if, when addressing a guest, you call him by his first name and patronymic.
Be aware of events taking place in the city so that you can always help your guest organize his leisure time.
If you know that you do not have sufficient information about the city, then be able to quickly find it.
The client standing in front of you is always more important than the potential client calling on the phone. If a client is standing in front of you and the phone is ringing, do not be distracted by the call until you have spoken with the guest. If he has time to wait, he will offer to pick up the phone.
Never speak ill of management or the reservations department in front of guests.
Be polite.
If the client is nervous and raises his voice, there is no need to argue with him. Calmly and silently listen to him until he speaks out. After that, promise him that you will try to solve the problem and inform him of the result.
When a guest leaves, wish him a safe journey.
If you know how to improve the activities of the hotel and administrators in particular, report this to management.
These rules must be strictly followed.

HOTEL MANAGEMENT

Your hotel must be managed by a specially hired and well-trained manager (like a captain on a ship). Everything depends on him, although it is difficult to outline clear boundaries of his work. His duties range from supervising the maid to washing the clothes himself. Any hotel needs a manager, as they usually screw up on little things. The manager is responsible for organizing all internal processes of the hotel.

A collective portrait of an exemplary manager: a woman or a man, with high responsibility. Punctual, meticulous, persistent, skillfully communicates with all hotel staff (he rarely encounters clients), is able to make non-standard decisions, always has higher education(possibly non-core).

If you have a mini-hotel (7-10 rooms) there is no point in having your own manager; the management company will offer you a good specialist on a part-time basis. Thus, you will save on your costs and will not lose quality.

The average age of a manager is 25-35 years old, when the brain has not yet become ossified and is capable of generating ideas. It is necessary that the manager’s position in work is shared by the people around him.

“Remember, the manager is the person who eliminates customer complaints and helps the hotel avoid losing customers. A good manager saves you money.”

The hotel occupancy rate, on which your personal income depends, also partially depends on the manager.

Occupancy is the percentage of the maximum number of days that a hotel can operate in one specific month. For example, let's take a hotel with one room. There are 30 days in a month. Let’s say that the room was open for 20 days, it turns out that the occupancy rate is 60%. Let's take a hotel with 20 rooms and a month with 31 days. 100% occupancy: 20 multiplied by 30 = 629 days. On average, each number worked only 17 days, from here we get: 20 multiplied by 17 = 340 days. Divide 340 by 620 and multiply by 100, we get 54% occupancy.

Attention, do not let yourself be deceived by another management company - calculate the % of occupancy.

Our management company guarantees 85% occupancy per year (at average market prices).

If the occupancy rate is good, you will receive additional services (minibar, taxi, etc.). If you have a good occupancy rate and low prices, do not rush to raise them - make money on additional services. Don’t forget again - personnel is everything. Contact the management company, and you will have a stable occupancy rate. Independently operating hotels reach a maximum of only 69% of occupancy. There is time to think!

What to choose: rent or management?

The best way to generate regular income is to rent out or manage your hotel. At the same time, both the entire object and its part (parts) can be rented out.

Rent - renting out a certain number of rooms for a certain price, which is agreed upon in advance.
Management - housekeeping in a hotel for a certain fee (%).

Pros of renting:

Monthly payment schedule.
All expenses are borne by the management company.
The owner receives money a month in advance.
The owner does not spend money on management, taxes and advertising.
Management benefits:

Management costs, housekeeping and taxes are borne by the hotel owner, but the management company optimizes them.
Advertising and development costs are borne by the management company.
The management company gives a good percentage of the hotel's occupancy.
Advantages of the Management Company (us):

It has a network of hotels, which means it provides a wide choice for the end consumer.
Saves the client from searching independently.
Provides highly qualified managers who communicate between the hotel and the client.
Optimizes taxes.
Earns you money from the first day of work.
Management is 30-40% of a hotel's income.

“You shouldn’t quarrel with the management company, since it is they who share their clients with the hotels. You can lose both clients and the management company at the same time.”

Is 40% payment for the management company’s services a lot?

We count:
Your maximum customer occupancy rate at independent work equal to 70% (80% in summer, 60% in winter).
Your minimum expenses for advertising and commission to travel agencies is 20%.
Staffing and hotel management costs are 10%.
Taxes - 6%.

Total - even though everything is debugged - you get 36%

The output is 70% - 36% = 34% - this is your net profit.

If you contact the management company, the hotel’s occupancy increases to 82.5% per year.
You give 35% to the management company.

Total: 82.5% - 35% = 47.5%.
Tax expenses on your part are 3%.

The output: 44.5% is your net profit, and this is 10.5% higher than you could earn on your own.

“Objectively, it turns out that working with a management company is the most effective way to grow your funds.”

MANAGEMENT PART OF THE HOTEL

Hotel technical support

Any hotel is subject to depreciation. The key to successful and long-term operation of the facility is the high-quality construction of the building itself and its interior decoration. Simple, beautiful and reliable - the success of your hotel business directly depends on this.

The two main problems that every hotel faces at one time or another are electricity and water. Someone must definitely monitor the serviceability of the bathrooms and boilers in the hotel. (Girl administrators are not technical specialists for you). For these purposes, you need a special person who would know the hotel for a long time and prevent water leakage, leading to leakage of the money itself from your pocket.

It is advisable to have your own permanent technician if you have more than 30 numbers. By hiring a specialist from the management company on a part-time basis, you will significantly save your money (if there are up to 30 rooms).

The technician's responsibilities include daily inspection of bathrooms and pipes. A hotel is like a submarine: a small leak can lead to disaster. Remember, with good repairs, pipes rarely leak. Attention, the technician must be able to go to the site at any time in case of emergency. Be sure to specify this point when applying for a job.

A hotel in poor condition will be difficult to sell to both investors and ordinary clients. Count: in summer time the room costs about $100. If there is a “flood”, you will not only not earn this money, but you will also spend additional money on repairing equipment in the hotel.

"High-quality repairs are not always expensive. Don't be fooled!"

It can always be done efficiently, reliably and relatively inexpensively. We can organize all repairs at the lowest prices in the city or create an optimal estimate. But then, you will look for the performers (on your own).

Our repair times are standard to avoid any reduction in quality.

With us you always optimize your costs!

ADDITIONAL HOTEL SERVICES

Remember, with good occupancy, additional services (minibar, taxi, etc.) will be activated.

You can organize breakfasts, lunches and dinners, or just breakfasts at the hotel. If you don’t have a cook on your staff, negotiate with a food delivery service and work with it at %. You can increase the price of food in your hotel by 20% of its original cost.

The minibar can also become your assistant. Small refrigerators with sweets and soft drinks can be equipped in each hotel room. In summer, juices, lemonades, beer and other low-alcohol drinks are especially popular. Highly alcoholic drinks are sold only under a license, which can be obtained, but it will take time and money. Therefore, only large hotel complexes offer this service.

We recommend including breakfast in the room rate. It must be complete, capable of feeding any man or woman of reproductive age. If you do not have your own cook, for breakfast you can use instant cereals, sliced ​​sandwiches, serve juices, coffee or tea, feed yoghurts or eggs. The main thing is not only to feed the client, but also to present it beautifully. Your hotel should become an aesthetic center for him, a museum, and not a hospital, where everything is done only for practical purposes: to eat so as not to die.

Another important additional service of the hotel is tourism. It is appropriate to open your own travel company if your hotel has more than 100 rooms. In other cases, it is better to enter into an agreement with a third party travel company and receive your percentage (usually 20%). You can organize sightseeing tours around the city or suburbs, as well as special tours of individual objects.

A taxi can also act as an additional hotel service. The easiest way to transport clients is to negotiate with a large taxi company. For example, ours.

The hotel must have Internet: landline or WiFi. It will be easier and more accessible to install WiFi.

The hotel also sells personal hygiene products, slippers and bathrobes.

We recommend making some (at least half) of the above services free for the client, slightly increasing the cost of the room itself. It is appropriate to voice an additional free service in commercials.

Remember: most clients do not like the “robbery” and “price-wrestling” on the part of hotels.

“Don’t forget about the nice free candies at the reception. You can give a towel or slippers as a gift to a good client.”

"Greed ruined the fratern, or the stingy one pays twice." This is not about you!

Legends and myths of the hotel business

IN hotel business, as in any other field, there are many myths that are believed not only by beginners, but sometimes even by gurus. Here are the most important ones:

• Hotel business - profitable business. But any idea can be ruined without competent management. Now the most effective method use of the property - for a hotel. This is more profitable than building and maintaining business centers or shopping centers, if you organize the hotel correctly.
• “I will do business myself and earn money more money than with the help of a management company.”
• Maybe someday you will come to this... But if you do not have experience and flow, managing on your own will only waste time and money.
• “I’ll hire a person for a salary of 2,000 euros, and he’ll fill the entire hotel for me.” If there were such specialists, they would have opened their own hotels long ago. Although filling a hotel is not difficult, see the point above.
• “I will advertise on the Internet and highly qualified personnel will come to me.” If everything were that simple, recruiting agencies would have suffered losses long ago. Remember - personnel decides everything, but there are no irreplaceable people.
• If you think that the design and quality of repairs do not matter, the hotel business is not for you.
• “I can always sell the hotel as ready business" You are right, but only if it really works and makes a profit. We often witnessed how people sold a hotel of 7-8 rooms in the city center: empty, without clients and as a ready-made business. At the same time, it’s a shame to name the price out loud; when translated into numbers, the payback period for this hotel is over 20 years. Such hotels are sold for years until the owners reduce prices to adequate levels. You can sell a hotel if you write your offer wisely. The client must recoup it within a maximum of 7 years.
• “Winning a victory is more difficult than winning it.” When everything is in order, people relax and lose control. Don't stop there. Don't forget about your friends: it is very difficult to restore connections.

Weaknesses and common mistakes
“Where it’s thin is where it breaks.” Every hotel business (as well as any other) has its weakest point - customers. There are never too many of them. And the basis of any marketing is not only to attract customers, but also to retain them.

Errors:

Client

• If a client comes to you once, he will return again. If a travel agency has referred a client to you, it will do so constantly. This will not become a permanent phenomenon unless you have a hand in it.
• The most erroneous opinion: “I’d rather make money in the summer and be empty in the winter.” The hotel must be open all year round. In the hotel business, summer is 5 months and winter is 7 months. If you work only in the summer, you lose more than six months. That client who came to you in the summer may not come next summer. And finding a new one will cost you three times more than keeping the old one.
• You shouldn't have a class division. Try to ensure that your clients have the same income.
• If travel agencies are actively busy with you, corporate clients, respect them - cook for them accounting documents for accounting, this is very important for them.

Promotional

• You start advertising based on the results. Rule: “Advertising should be based on clear customer market research.” We do not recommend advertising in non-specialized print publications (in collections of all companies). The likelihood that you will be found there is low. Do not place advertisements in glossy magazines if these advertisements are non-image.
• When starting an advertising campaign, think about who exactly you can offer your services to. Today there are more than 450 hotels in St. Petersburg. If you want to offer yours as 451 - come up with profitable terms on your part, otherwise you will end up in a long line of people waiting.

Hotel

• Calculate the number of personnel correctly. (The main thing is that the number of staff does not exceed the number of hotel rooms). Calculate how many rooms your maids and administrators can service. According to our calculations, one maid can service at least eight rooms per shift, and an administrator can service ten.
• Do not hesitate to lower the price, since your main indicator of wealth is the occupancy of the hotel.
• Feel free to increase the price on peak dates such as New Year. Try to respond adequately to the flow of people.
• Avoid double booking. Don't be greedy and don't take on more clients than you can serve. This will kill your reputation.
• Don't forget that the weakest points in the hotel are electricity and water. Monetary losses in the event of an accident are not commensurate with the savings on high-quality plumbing and electrical equipment.
• Don't skimp on staff. If you are not happy with your employees, contact the management company, they will solve your problems.
• Don't be led by junior staff. There will always be a replacement for them.
• Try to keep your occupancy percentage as high as possible if 70% of rooms are booked by high prices, let the remaining 30% be at average prices. Don’t forget how to make money from occupancy.

It must be admitted that the development of the tourism sector entails a number of positive consequences, one of which is the need for temporary housing. And in this trend lies hidden opportunities for active entrepreneurs. The question of how to open a hotel from scratch is distinguished by its apparent simplicity: we have all stayed in establishments of this kind at least once in our lives, and therefore we are sure that we understand the essence of the idea. But few people suspect that there are more pitfalls here than in any other line of business.

Legal aspect

Opening a hotel in our country does not involve obtaining a license, but you will still have to comply with some formalities. Licensing of activities will be required only if the hotel plans to open a cafe or restaurant selling alcoholic beverages.

Registration of an enterprise can be in the format of individual entrepreneur. If we have to talk about a large scale, then it is still better to immediately think about an LLC.

Coordination of activities in the presence of ready-made premises will have to be carried out with the following authorities:

• Fire Department;
• Rospotrebnadzor (if shops and catering outlets open in the hotel).

You can choose a simplified taxation system, and the size of the establishment does not matter. To expand the circle of clients, it is recommended to undergo certification of certain types of services that will additionally be provided at the hotel.

Choosing a format

At the planning stage, the main thing is to decide on the format of the establishment. A mini-hotel will be the most suitable option for beginners in business. These hotels include those whose number of beds does not exceed 50.

Among them:

• apartment-type hotels - no more than 10 rooms not removed from the housing stock;
• mini-hotels – 10-20 rooms;
• small hotels in separate buildings - 50 rooms.

• low-budget student hostel;
• economy class hotel;
• comfortable business hotel;
• apart-hotel.

More and more often lately you can find the so-called apartment type of hotel. However, it can easily be classified as a “gray” business, since proper registration this type does not receive entrepreneurship.

The process goes like this:

1. Several neighboring apartments are being purchased.
2. Repairs are being made, furniture is being purchased.
3. Visitors are moving in.

Such apartments are usually rented on a daily basis. But despite all the apparent simplicity, this form of business organization has more disadvantages than advantages. The main one is the desire of city guests to behave differently than at home. That is, noisy, on a grand scale, without taking into account the interests of the neighbors. The latter, in turn, do not skimp on complaints to the relevant authorities, which threatens the businessman with nothing but problems.

In addition, you always have to search for clients on your own, since there is a chance to meet tax representatives if you place an advertisement. And such a segment as business travelers immediately disappears, since they need checks for reporting.

Selecting a room

So, the question of where to open a mini-hotel remains the most difficult for an entrepreneur. The best option There will be premises in business districts of the city, in historical centers. If you have no plans to reach the luxury level, then the optimal choice would be buildings near train stations, metro stations, transport interchanges, and along highways.

An additional advantage will be beautiful landscape outside the window and a separate entrance. The latter is especially important if your establishment is not located in a separate building.

There can be three options for owning the premises:

• to rent;
• build;
• redeem.

It is at this stage that many are scared off by this direction, since the question of serious capital investment arises. Renting rooms is not the best option, since the owner can always change and decide to use the building for other purposes. Then your business will simply end up on the street.

Construction may take more than one year, since you will have to deal with the registration of permits, project approvals, and land issues. From this we can conclude that it is most profitable to purchase the premises, or still rent them, but only for a long period and with the right of subsequent purchase.

Interior and staff

Having completed all the preparatory issues, you can move on to creating the concept of your establishment, creating the interior and exterior design. Don’t forget that if you have reconstruction or redevelopment ahead, sometimes it costs half the cost of the property itself, so realistically evaluate your capabilities. In addition, these procedures will also require certain approvals.

Even if you have to decide such a question as how to open a hotel in a private house, you should always remember that it must be recognizable. An excellent option would be to build a separate building, in the design of which you yourself will include all the necessary premises and interior features - columns, pools, attics.

Important: invite SES and fire service It will be necessary exactly when the main stage of construction alterations is completed and all communications are connected.

Room decoration

Of course, there is no single approach to interior design. It all depends on the personal preferences of the owner. Only one point remains important - quality. The rooms may not be particularly luxurious, but they should be cozy, clean, tidy and kept in perfect cleanliness.

What you shouldn't save on:

• plumbing;
• furniture;
• bed sheets;
• curtains.

The last two points are business card hotel. Cheap washed towels in a room trimmed with gold will not earn a good reputation.

Staff selection

Next important question– staff. They need to be taken care of long before the opening, since by this memorable day all hotel employees must be properly registered and trained. As for their quantity, here you need to adhere to general rule– the total number of staff (administrators, maids, receptionists) must be equal to the number of rooms.

The variety of positions will depend entirely on the services that will be provided at the hotel.

Profitability Analysis

To have a complete picture of upcoming expenses, it is necessary to clarify the following points:

• how necessary is a hotel in your city?
• price policy and occupancy of existing hotels;
• the cost of real estate in your locality;
• determine the concept, format and level of the future establishment.

In this regard, it is impossible to say with accuracy how much your project will cost. Everything will depend on the answers you receive to the above questions.

The approximate cost of opening a mini-hotel in a small regional city is 10-15 million rubles.

But to build your own building for a hotel you will have to spend about 150-200 million.

Expenses

An approximate cost estimate can be presented as follows:

• 50% of the amount will be spent on renting, purchasing or constructing a building;
• 25% – for redevelopment;
• 15% – for interior renovations;
• 10% – for other expenses (advertising, salaries, staff training).

The payback period will also depend on the size of the city:

• in the capital – 5-7 years;
• in the regional center - 6-8 years;
• in the regional center - 9-12 years.

Open a successful hostel - how to do it: Video

How to open a hotel business? An aspiring entrepreneur decided to open a small hotel or inn. Where to begin? How profitable is this area of ​​business? How to choose the best type of enterprise, choose a location, what documents will be needed to open it, how to obtain a license for such an activity? Read the answers to all these and many other questions in our article.

The regulations and approvals required to open a small hotel are an impressive list. Some procedures, such as removing premises from the housing stock, may take about a year.

In order to legally open your hotel from scratch, you will need the following mandatory documents:

1. Documents confirming ownership of real estate;
2. Registration certificate legal entity or individual entrepreneur;
3. Certificate of registration with the Federal Tax Service;
4. Permission for redevelopment or construction;
5. Documentary confirmation of compliance with safety standards, such as sanitary, fire, environmental and technical safety;
6. Service agreements with counterparties: these can be private security companies, accounting and legal services, cleaning, waste removal, food delivery, utilities and others;
7. Documents confirming the registration of the cash register with the Federal Tax Service;
8. Permission to .

Also, depending on the wishes of the entrepreneur, the following optional documents:

1. Certificate of Conformity: needed if you want to officially confirm your “star” status. The requirements necessary for assigning stars can be found in Federal Law No. 25, dated January 25, 2011;

2. Licenses for trading rights alcoholic products, food products, for the organization of catering enterprises. Licensing is also required for hairdressing and dry cleaning services.

You don't need a license to open a hotel business!

Despite the mass of necessary documents for the legal implementation of the hotel business in the Russian Federation, special licensing of guest houses, motels and hostels, etc. is not provided, and anyone can open such a business.

Hotel business in Russia

Any aspiring entrepreneur planning to open a private hotel in the Russian Federation, first of all, should become familiar with the saturation of the hotel market. It doesn’t matter what kind of hotel you plan to open: 10, 20, 50, 100 rooms, first of all you need to study the demand for this type of service.

Today least in new enterprises hotel type cities such as Yekaterinburg, Moscow, St. Petersburg and Kazan need it. According to experts, this information may change over the next 5-10 years. This is due to the growth of cities and the resulting increase in demand for quality accommodation.

Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Novosibirsk and Krasnodar are considered the most promising and promising for this area. The reason for this is high rate development business activity these cities, which entails an increasing influx of business travelers, creating suitable conditions to open a private hotel here.

Types of hotels and hotels

The hotel business involves many various types enterprises. They differ in such characteristics as location, number of rooms, target audience, interior features. We will talk about options for creating such a business by small organizations or individual entrepreneurs and consider the main types of small hotels:

• Mini Hotel;
• Small hotel;
• Mini-resort hotels in Russia: Sochi, Crimea;
• Roadside Inn;
• Mini-hotel in a private house;
• Hostel.

Let's take a closer look at each of these options and highlight the main differences.

How to open a mini-hotel

A mini-hotel differs primarily in the number of rooms, which should be no more than 50 places for temporary accommodation. Each of them should preferably have its own bathroom. Let's find out how to start a business and achieve a stable income.

Choosing a location for a mini-hotel

To open a small hotel, the first thing you need to do is decide on the choice of location. Business will flourish if the location of the hotel is convenient for check-in and living. We will consider an option in which an entrepreneur, wanting to open a mini-hotel in a residential building, buys apartments for further redevelopment into rooms. We will talk about how to build a profitable hotel on your own and how much it will cost in a separate chapter of this article.

When opening a hotel from scratch, it is advisable to choose a central area of ​​the city, from where guests can easily get to any point using public transport.

If the city has a metro, then walking distance from it will work to your advantage. Pay attention to the location of the building relative to airports and train stations - this factor also often helps guests make a decision when choosing a suitable place for temporary accommodation. Many entrepreneurs prefer communal apartments or dormitories, since they require almost no redevelopment.

Should be assessed availability and quality of shops, cafes, and shopping centers, located nearby. The next point is the building itself. It should be in good condition, the yard and entrance neat and clean - all this will later work on the image of your organization and help develop a profitable business.

Selecting a floor. Owners of mini-hotels often choose the first floor. This is convenient, considering that you can make a separate entrance to the reception. Guests will be able to easily find you, and local residents will know that the hotel is located here and offer it as an option for accommodation to their friends and family who come to visit from other cities.

Opening a mini-hotel step by step

How to open a hotel? Let's figure out what you need to know and what actions to take after the building is selected. The time has come to buy apartments or rooms, depending on the type of premises. Let's take as a basis the purchase of two floors, with a total area of ​​300 square meters. To open a hotel in a residential building, the easiest way is to make such a purchase in a new or just under construction building, avoiding the resettlement procedure.

Another question that new residential buildings are rarely built in the city center; the situation is much simpler with new buildings near metro stations. If you enter into shared construction, you will save cash for repairs and redevelopment, but you will have to wait for the construction project to be put into operation. The price for purchasing living space in order to subsequently open a small mini-hotel will be approximately $340,000.

The following are the stages of paperwork for registration and redevelopment. The purchased premises must be removed from the housing stock. The transfer procedure can be found in Article 23 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation. You will need to contact your local government with an application and all necessary documents.

This is a rather lengthy and complex procedure. Hatching may take a year or more. In each individual case, the removal of premises from the housing stock has a different cost; there is no fixed price.

At the time of filing an application to remove apartments from the housing stock, you can submit a redevelopment project to the same body and agree on the details. The hotel project must comply with GOSTs and standards, which are described in detail in clause 11.9 of Moscow Government Decree No. 508, ed. 840, Appendix 1, as well as in Art. 288 Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Be sure to notify your local BTI of your activities.

All this will be needed when registering an individual entrepreneur or LLC. Speaking of a small hotel with 50 rooms or less, the owner usually registers his activities as an individual entrepreneur.

When registering you must indicate OKVED codes depending on the characteristics of your business: 55.1 Hotel activities; 55.11 activities of hotels and restaurants; 55.12 activities of hotels and restaurants.

After obtaining permission for redevelopment and removal of premises from the housing stock, it is time to carry out repairs - installation work.

If If your hotel does not provide a bathroom in each room, then the number of bathrooms and toilets must meet the standards: 1 bathroom for 10 guests.

When making renovations in a future hotel, you need to take into account the requirements of fire supervision, sanitary and epidemiological stations, and the premises must meet safety standards. Without documents confirming the premises' compliance with the specified standards, the hotel's activities will not be considered legal.

It is necessary to think through and properly organize power supply, water supply, ventilation and temperature regime. If the house is new, then replacing windows will not be necessary. Don't forget about the doors to the rooms and to the hotel itself. Redevelopment and redecoration of a mini-hotel with 20 rooms will cost approximately $20,000 - $30,000.

The next step is purchasing furniture, appliances, plumbing and everything necessary for servicing the rooms and future guests. The minimum set for each room includes a bed, bedside table, wardrobe, chair and table. Let's take into account single, double and triple rooms.

Among other things, additional furniture, equipment and accessories, such as paintings, dressing tables, mirrors, safes will be needed for Luxury and Junior Suite rooms.

It won't hurt to buy a couple of washing vacuum cleaners, washing machines, clothes dryers and kitchen appliances. Let's not forget about the face of our hotel - the reception equipment. The total cost of equipment will be about $15,000 - $20,000.

Necessary little things

Remembering that the cleanliness of even the simplest and most budget mini-hotel is the most important component of a positive reputation, it is necessary to purchase cleaning products, detergents, laundry detergents, as well as appropriate accessories. This expense item will also include towels, disposable slippers, bed linen, blankets, pillows, bathrobes and mini-packs of shampoos, shower gels and conditioners.

You can’t do without buying rugs for the bathroom, for the hallway, curtains for the shower (if provided by the purchased plumbing), and curtains for the windows. Dishes, trays, soap dishes and other little things should also not be deprived of your attention. The cost of all this will be about $3,000.

Staff for mini-hotels

After completing the preparation of premises for temporary accommodation of guests, it is time to hire service personnel. Considering the provision of such a service as breakfast at our hotel, we will need:

1. Director - salary $800/month;
2. Administrators, 2 people – salary $400/month. each, total - $800 per month;
3. Cook - salary 600 dollars. per month;
4. Maids, 4 people – salary $300/month; each, total - $600/month.

Don't forget about contract with a private security company - $175/month, and accounting services– 300$/month.

After all stages of preparation are completed, you can finally open a mini-hotel for guests.

How to open your own small hotel

A small hotel differs from a mini-hotel mainly in its number of rooms. If it includes up to 50 rooms, then a small hotel is a hotel enterprise with up to 100 rooms.

Accordingly, the cost of purchasing premises, repair and installation work, furniture and equipment, as well as the work of service personnel will increase in proportion to the number of rooms by which the number of rooms will be increased.

Mini-resort hotels in Russia

Hotels in resort cities of Russia are very popular among Russians and not only.

The hotel business on the Black Sea is gaining momentum and for good reason: the profitability of such an enterprise will not be long in coming. The peculiarities of such a business lie, first of all, in the target audience for whom the place for temporary residence is designed.

If you decide to open a mini-hotel by the sea, then you will need to equip your hotel with a swimming pool, bar and grill area. For vacationers with children, the presence of a playground, high chairs, cribs for babies and a trampoline will help give preference to you.

If you are focusing on business travelers, then these amenities are not required, but the rooms should be equipped with desks and lamps for work, and also be sure to include a service such as Wi-Fi.

How to open a mini-hotel in Crimea

Today, every year there are more and more vacationers in Crimea, especially among our compatriots. This is due to the absence of the need to obtain a passport and visa. In this regard, the city is developing, the infrastructure is growing, and more and more new shops, cafes and shopping centers are being built.

Hotel business in Crimea is gaining momentum, tourism is booming, and holidays here are considered a relatively budget option. Last year, more than 4 million guests visited Crimea between January and August. Summer here lasts about 5 months. Such figures promise owners of small hotel businesses stable demand, which means quick profits.

Choosing a location for your future business will not be difficult if you know exactly what you want to get as a result and what funds you are willing to invest. The most popular cities among guests of Crimea are Yalta, Evpatoria and Feodosia.

There are the most well-groomed beaches, including sandy ones, and better developed infrastructure and services. Prices for everything here are significantly higher, including hotel rooms.

Competition in these cities is high, hotels are presented in a wide variety of options, real estate prices are also an order of magnitude higher than, for example, in Sevastopol and Simferopol.

So, for example, in Yalta, a plot of 15 acres overlooking the sea will cost an average of $265,000 - $270,000. Construction of a small hotel with a total area of ​​170 sq.m will cost around $52,000. A similar plot in Sevastopol, also by the sea, costs $88,000 – $93,000.

Construction of a small hotel within the same 170 sq.m. — $52,000. Simferopol is not recommended as an option for creating a resort hotel, since this city does not have access to the sea, but it is well suited for those who fly to Crimea for work. The cost of real estate here is approximately the same as in Sevastopol.

If we talk about buying a ready-made room for reconstruction into a mini-hotel, then the prices will also differ by 2-3 times. There are also options for ready-made hotels. For example, a hotel with an area of ​​230 sq.m. on the seashore in Yalta, with furniture and everything necessary, costs $450,000. A small hotel in Sevastopol, with an area of ​​200 sq.m. with a pool, furniture and everything necessary, it can cost $160,000. It is worth noting that there are many offers on the real estate market for the sale of unfinished hotels with a ready-made layout and a laid foundation.

If you decide to opt for a small city in Crimea that is less popular among tourists, pay attention to the nearby beaches. Often the beaches in such cities are not improved and are not suitable for a good rest. This circumstance may leave a negative impression and affect the hotel’s reputation in the future.

How to open a mini-hotel in Sochi

For a holiday in Russia, the resort town on the Black Sea coast of the Krasnodar Territory is no less popular than Crimea, but you should remember: the beaches here are mostly pebble, and the season suitable for relaxation lasts less than three months. All these circumstances only extend the payback period for a small hotel in a given resort city.

Ready-made hotel in Sochi, 180 sq.m. will cost around $250,000, depending on the condition of the hotel and its location relative to the sea. Land plot for construction, area. 15 sq.m., near the sea, will cost about $100,000.

Choosing an area in a resort area- central or outskirts, remember that tourists more often choose the center with a view, and those who come to the city for work, in order to save money, prefer rooms on the outskirts of the city.

How to open a roadside hotel

A roadside hotel, also known as a motel, is designed for truckers and tourists traveling “savages”, that is, on their own by car, without a voucher. The demand for motels is impressive; competition in this area of ​​business is extremely small, and in some regions of Russia it is completely absent. At making the right choice place, the profitability of such an enterprise will be guaranteed.

The choice of location comes down to analyzing the congestion and length of those Russian routes that connect large cities. To open a motel, the distance between major populated areas must be at least 4,000 - 5,000 km. In this case, the truck driver’s journey will be about 3 days, which means that he cannot do without an overnight stay.

A motel located on the highway will be an excellent option for a hearty dinner and a good night's sleep.

If the cost of a night in such a motel is acceptable, and the rooms are clean - your business will enjoy enviable popularity.

When building a roadside hotel, special attention should be paid to the parking lot. If the parking lot is fenced and has a security post, this will attract even more customers to you. A separate entrance to the room, windows to the parking lot for the comfort of guests and the ability to quickly have a snack - this is the secret of a successful motel. The rooms should have a minimum of all the essentials, this meets the needs of guests and makes temporary accommodation more affordable.

How much does it cost to open a small motel?

There are 2 options: buying a ready-made object, or building from scratch. Depending on the region, purchasing a small hotel will cost from $30,000 to $53,000.

Construction of a new motel (300 sq. meters) costs more - approximately $60,000 -80,000.

Plus, an average of $16,000 will be needed for repairs, purchase of furniture, plumbing and everything necessary. Speaking of profit, such a hotel with 20-25 rooms will bring in up to $9,000 per month.

Mini-hotel in a private house

Typically, such hotels have 6 - 8 rooms; the owners of the house live in a separate room of their own or in a small house on the site. As a rule, such hotels do without hiring additional staff and business owners do their own cleaning, prepare breakfast and wash clothes. This option is very popular among budget tourists in Russian resort cities, since, as a rule, they are located near the sea, and the rooms attract very low prices.

Guest houses are cozy, homemade food and lack large quantity guests. If the rooms are well equipped, and the owners provide everything necessary for living, then such a hotel brings its owners a good income.

The disadvantage of such an enterprise is its seasonality. Resort cities in Russia cannot boast of a swimming season all year round, which means that guests in a private mini-hotel will only appear for a few warm months of the year.

How to open a hostel

Things to consider before you start. The hostel has a slightly different target audience. The hostel consists of several large rooms with beds, usually bunk beds. A shared bathroom, kitchen and lack of personal space makes a bed in a hostel cheap, and therefore attractive for students and those for whom saving on accommodation is preferable to additional amenities.

The discovery of such hotel company differs from opening a mini-hotel already at the stage of choosing premises for the hostel. The future business owner is looking for premises with a larger area and does not pursue the goal of equipping bathrooms in each room. Often, non-residential premises are considered for these purposes.

Speaking of bathrooms, then hostels must have at least 1 toilet and 1 shower for 15 people. If there are a lot of guests, then it is advisable to divide the bathrooms into women's and men's.

When creating a hostel layout project, a separate room is allocated for a bedroom, according to standards, at least 4 meters for one single or bunk bed. One room for a kitchen, and one room with a TV, books and sofas. The rest room and kitchen are often combined into one, in order to save space and budget.

In general, the difference between a hostel and the opening of a mini-hotel, in addition to the layout, is characterized by significantly lower costs for furniture and equipment, but the cost of one bed is 2-3 times cheaper compared to a room in a full-fledged hotel.

How much does it cost to build a hotel yourself?

The answer to the question of how much it costs to open a hotel or mini-hotel depends on the following factors:

• Location. In the city or outside the city? Is it in a resort area or is it a business in the capital? In a developed metropolis or in a small but developing city? All this significantly affects the cost of land and construction of the facility;
• Rooms;
• Type of hotel enterprise: Hotel, hostel, motel, mini-hotel, guest house, etc.
• Star level of the future object;
• The presence or absence of a bar, swimming pool, gym, elevator, spa and other comfort elements on the hotel premises.

Answering the question of how much money will be required to invest to open a small hotel, let’s take as a basis a hotel enterprise with 12 rooms, with a total area of ​​300 sq.m., without subsequent assignment of stars, which will be located, for example, in Novosibirsk. The cost of building a turnkey hotel will be the following figures:

1. Purchase of land in the Oktyabrsky district of Novosibirsk, closer to central region, 9 acres – $70,000;
2. Design and coordination of the construction project with the authorities local government – 4 000$;
3. Purchase of building materials – $20,500;
4. Construction and installation work, laying communications + finishing – $20,000;

In total, to build your own small hotel you need$115,000. This is the cost taking into account the fact that we use materials in the middle price segment (+ skilled workers). If you use the most inexpensive materials, then a small turnkey hotel for $55,000.

Hotel business plan, profitability

Let's calculate how much you need to invest and the final profitability of the hotel. For example, let's take the figures from the previous chapter about the cost of building a mini-hotel in Novosibirsk and make calculations: how much does it cost to open a hotel or mini-hotel. To calculate taxes, let’s take the simplified tax system: income minus expenses for individual entrepreneurs.

Investments:

• Finished hotel building – $115,000;
• Purchase of necessary furniture, textiles, plumbing and equipment – ​​$90,000;
• Site design, fencing, parking, LED sign – $8,700;
• – 800$.

Total, it will cost to open your own business: $220,000.

Monthly costs:

— Salaries to employees + outsourcing services – $3,500;
Purchase Supplies – 200$;
— Public utilities – 300$.

Total: $4000/month.

Profit:

We will calculate profits based on the constant occupancy of the room stock at 80%
The average cost of living is $30/day.
Total total profit will be $9,000/month, and net $5,000.

Payback of the hotel business:

According to calculations, excluding income tax, it will pay for itself in 2.5 years. The hotel's net profit will be $5,000/month. The income tax for this period will be about $29,500, which will extend the payback period by another 5 months. Also, during this period, from time to time repairs and replacement of furniture and equipment will be required, which will entail the need to invest more and more funds in the business. To summarize, we can conclude that successful business in the field hotel service will pay off in an average of 2-3 years.

The hotel business has many pitfalls and intricacies. Here's what experienced Russian hotel owners advise:

It requires considerable investment, and its payback period will be at least 3 years. Despite this, your own hotel will be a profitable investment, as it will provide you with a stable income for many years to come.

The hotel business is developing quickly and rapidly today, and one of the main reasons for this is its high demand. High economic activity and the development of tourism lead to the fact that in most cities - both large and small - the demand for places to accommodate guests is growing. This is especially true for inexpensive hotel rooms and mid-range rooms. If you are wondering how to open a hotel, most likely we're talking about about a private mini-hotel: this is the one that can be organized at the lowest cost, and it will pay for itself relatively quickly. Travelers usually prefer just such establishments: of course, there are no huge conference rooms or a dozen restaurants to suit every taste, but these places are usually distinguished by low prices and almost homely comfort.

What hotel to open

The mini-hotel format is optimal if you are just entering the hotel business. However, you should know: even a small hotel will definitely require considerable investments, and you need to be prepared that it will not pay off right away. And one of the first tasks that a future entrepreneur will have to solve is attracting investors. But before you think about financing your business, you need to decide what kind of hotel you want to open.

Small hotels are those where the number of rooms does not exceed 50. These include:

• apartment-type hotels (about 10 rooms, not removed from the housing stock);
• mini-hotels with 10–20 rooms
• small hotels located in separate buildings, their number of rooms can be up to 50 rooms.

Depending on the level of services provided by the hotel, its price category is also selected. It could be:

• low budget student hostel,
• small economy class hotel,
• comfortable business hotel,
• Apart-hotel (it can be either mid-level or luxury).

Another option for organizing a hotel is the so-called “apartment” one. This type of activity has recently become very popular among entrepreneurs, and therefore we should dwell on it in more detail. Such a business is one of the “gray” ones – not properly registered. This is done like this: several neighboring apartments in one building are purchased, minimal repairs are made (rarely redevelopment), the apartments are furnished, and all that remains is to find clients for daily rental(usually through advertisements on the Internet or in local newspapers). It would seem that opening a private hotel in this case is very easy.

But here, too, difficulties arise, for example, neighbors may be indignant at the fact that in the adjacent territory there is a “passage yard”, and, having escaped to another city, tourists and business travelers often do not want to behave decorously and nobly, but, on the contrary, prefer to be noisy and loud. relax on a grand scale, which again causes discontent among neighbors, and even complaints to the relevant authorities, which can result in trouble for an “underground” businessman.

Conducting any business without appropriate registration is always a risk; illegal business entails not only administrative and tax liability, but in some cases also criminal liability.

In addition, the entrepreneur’s work in this case will not be easy: he has to look for guests on our own, enterprises, institutions and organizations are immediately excluded from the list potential clients(they need supporting documents for reporting), difficulties will arise with placing a full-fledged advertisement, because such an establishment is not officially considered a hotel, and every client who comes in response to an advertisement may turn out to be a tax representative.

And although such a business may seem profitable without the costs of official registration, compliance with sanitary standards and payment of taxes, whether these incomes justify the high risks that are inevitable in this case is an open question, and everyone decides it on their own.

And yet, speaking about how to open your own hotel, we will consider a business that is conducted on legally. And you need to start it with or, and then move on to solving other important problems.

Finding suitable premises

One of the most difficult and at the same time the most important questions is where to open a hotel. It is best to find premises in the business or historical part of the city. The infrastructure should be developed here: transport stops, cafes, restaurants, shops. It’s good if there are attractions nearby. Beautiful view from the window is a plus for the hotel, although, of course, they don’t charge extra for it.

Even if the establishment will not occupy the entire building, it is advisable that your hotel have a separate entrance.

One of the reasons for the high cost of this enterprise is that it is advisable to buy the premises. It is hardly worth renting a building for a hotel: too much investment will have to be made in its interior and equipment, and the landlord’s unexpected offer to terminate the relationship can result in large losses and, of course, loss of business. An acceptable option is long-term lease with the right to purchase.

If it is possible to attract significant funds to the project, you can begin construction of a separate hotel building, but you need to be aware that searching and purchasing a suitable site, preparing permits, design and construction works may take more than one year.

The best option is to purchase premises for a hotel. It can either be non-residential or consist of several apartments (a large communal apartment is also suitable for these purposes). The area should be from 300 sq. meters and above. If you buy apartments, they will need to be removed from the housing stock. Be prepared for the fact that this procedure will require costs - both financial and time.

Hotel interior: important details

After selecting and purchasing premises, it’s time to begin creating a hotel project, redevelopment and renovation. Moreover, coordinating the project and obtaining permits for redevelopment can take much longer than the actual renovation. Reconstruction of the premises and its documenting can amount to up to half the cost of the property itself.

When the redevelopment is completed and you begin interior decoration of the hotel, you can already apply for approval from the concerned services (sanitary and epidemiological station, fire inspection), as well as enter into agreements with public utilities.

Creating a hotel interior is of great importance, although there are not and cannot be any uniform rules. The approach to arranging the premises will depend on the concept of the hotel, as well as on its price category. Somewhere business and practical minimalism will be appropriate, somewhere timeless classics will be appropriate, while others will want to make rooms with rich decorations - it all depends on the tastes of the owner and the preferences of the target audience. But the main thing is a convenient layout and high-quality renovation; the rooms should look clean and tidy, even if they are not luxurious.

Another important point - furniture and plumbing must be High Quality. You shouldn’t save too much on them; such savings can result in additional costs: flimsy furniture will quickly break, because it’s no secret that “public” property is rarely treated with care.

Make sure that the hotel has its own corporate style, which is noticeable even in the smallest details. Needless to say, it is better to entrust interior design to professional designers.

Mini-hotel staff: how many and what kind?

It is better to start recruiting personnel several months before the planned opening. By the time employees start work, they must have completed all Required documents, and they themselves must be trained and ready to get to work.

You need to recruit staff based on what services you plan to provide at the hotel. If, for example, the guests will be provided with food, cooks will be needed. As for service personnel, there is a rule: the total number of staff (administrators, maids, receptionists) is approximately equal to the number of rooms.

If the hotel is small, employees can combine different positions (administrator – to handle reservations, maid – to be responsible for laundry work). This is beneficial both to the owner, who does not have to keep extra staff at work, and to the employees themselves, who can earn more.

An important requirement for hotel staff is knowledge foreign languages(at least English). It is necessary to organize systematic training and professional development classes.

Hotel services: important and secondary

First and most importantly, the rooms must be clean. Daily cleaning, timely replacement of linen and towels is a mandatory condition for the operation of every hotel. If it is not possible to organize a laundry service at the hotel itself, you should enter into an agreement with a third-party company that provides this type of service.

The hotel can provide breakfast consisting of coffee, tea, and ready-made cookies, even if there is no restaurant or cafe. If own cafe planned, you need to be prepared for additional costs. To open it you will need:

• equipped premises that meet all fire and sanitary requirements;
• all necessary permits and approvals;
• staff: cooks and waiters;
• licenses for the sale of alcohol.

However, your own cafe or restaurant is already a separate business; such an establishment will need to attract clients from outside, it will not pay for itself only on the guests of a mini-hotel. It is much easier to negotiate with one of the neighboring cafes about delivering food to guests’ rooms or, for example, about discounted breakfasts.

The hotel should be able to provide its visitors with car parking, a safe, the Internet, a telephone, and, if necessary, temporary registration.

Another absolute responsibility of the hotel is to ensure the safety of customers. To do this, he must have an agreement with a security company and have an alarm button installed. We must not forget about fire safety measures: emergency exit, fire detectors. A guarded parking lot would also be useful.

Separately, it is worth taking care of guests with children (the hotel will provide cots and high chairs) and disabled visitors (a spacious elevator and ramps will be needed).

Hotel advertising

You need to inform everyone about the opening hotel in advance, preferably 2-3 months in advance. Place a banner on the building about the imminent opening, provide information to travel agencies, create a hotel website and place advertising on the Internet on specialized resources.

High-quality service and reasonable prices will do their job over time - your own client base will appear, and yesterday’s guests will recommend the hotel to their friends.

We consider the profitability of the hotel

The fact that a hotel is a costly enterprise has already been said more than once. It's time to calculate how much it costs to open a small hotel. Of course, the calculations will be approximate; in order to get an accurate idea of ​​future expenses and income, you will need to obtain additional information:

• find out how much the service is in demand in your city (its population, level of infrastructure development, state of the tourist destination, business and production, what sports or cultural events are held here);
• analyze the market: how many hotels are in your city, what is their advertising and pricing policy, how busy they are and how seasonality affects this);
• make a preliminary estimate of costs: the cost of real estate in the locality, as well as prices for construction and other work;
• decide what the concept of your hotel will be: the composition of the room stock, the services provided, the level of service and, as a result, the target audience.

As you can see, it is almost impossible to accurately answer the question of how much it costs to open a mini-hotel; too many factors will influence this. Investments in a metropolitan hotel can be ten times greater than in a regional one, so the figures given below are very approximate.

You can open a mini-hotel with 10–15 rooms in a small regional city by spending about 8–15 million rubles. At the same time, a small hotel in St. Petersburg or Moscow will require about 50 million. And if you decide to build a separate building and purchase a plot of land, the cost will increase to 150–200 million rubles.

All expenses for organizing a hotel are divided as follows:

• 50% – for the purchase or construction of premises;
• 25% – for redevelopment (including design and administrative expenses);
• 15% – for interior repairs, interior decoration, purchase of equipment and furniture,
• 10% – other expenses (costs of salaries and staff training, advertising, purchase of consumables).

In a capital city, a hotel will pay for itself in approximately 5–7 years, in a large city with more than a million population – in 6–8 years. In a small regional town this could take 9 to 12 years.

It is not for nothing that the hotel business is considered profitable, which is why more and more new hotels are appearing. However, it cannot be called a quick return, so this is an entrepreneurial venture for those who stand firmly on their own two feet and are therefore not afraid large investments and large-scale projects. Drawing up detailed business plan It is better to entrust such a complex and expensive project to specialists.

Have you decided to start your own hotel business? This is quite a promising and profitable business, which, if proper organization will pay for itself fairly quickly. The main thing is to choose a place where to open a hotel and advertise it correctly. The best option for beginners, this is a classic mini-hotel with 10-15 rooms. It is not difficult to open, and with the right approach, it brings profit no less than a traditional hotel.

Studying the market

Are you thinking about how to open a mini hotel? First of all, study the existing market. Where should the hotel be opened? Where it will be in demand. These are resort towns, large cities, and popular tourist settlements. Think about who will be staying in your rooms. Students and young people usually choose hostels - they are satisfied low price and common rooms.

A mini-hotel is an ideal choice for a budding entrepreneur

Mini-hotels are used by people aged 23 to 65 years, who prefer to live in a separate room. Mini-hotels are also popular with married couples, for couples with children and business travelers. Think about who from this target audience could become your client.

Note: draw up a portrait of your consumer, calculating his age, income level, and the services he needs. Based on this, you can build a future hotel promotion strategy.

After that, do competitor analysis. There are probably already hotels and mini-hotels in your city, since this business brings in good money. Research what rooms they offer, what price range they offer, and what additional services they offer. Find out about room occupancy, opening hours, etc.

Then find the market leaders. They set the tone for the entire hotel business in the city, shape the habits of guests and probably know how to dump. You will need to adapt to the leaders, while offering your visitors more Better conditions for less money. Or at least the same conditions.

In what format to open

If you do not have serious experience in the hotel business and a huge starting capital, then the easiest way is to open in the format of a mini-hotel. This is a small hotel that consists of a maximum of 30 rooms. Such mini-hotels are located near the main key infrastructure facilities:

• bus stations;
• railway stations;
• metro stations;
• vehicle interchanges;
• downtown;
• close to popular attractions;
• near gas stations or along highways.

A mini-hotel can be built or rented

A mini-hotel means having a shared kitchen and microwave in each room, several showers and toilets. In some cases, showers can be equipped directly in the rooms. Required condition today is the presence of high-speed in the hotel Wi-Fi internet. It would also be useful to have convenient parking nearby, but this is an optional option.

Production plan

Let's look at what it takes to open a hotel with 20 rooms. This is a classic size for a mini-hotel. The numbers should be divided as follows:

1. 3 luxury rooms. Here it is necessary to make high-quality repairs, equip your own bathrooms, install all the necessary furniture and household appliances in the rooms, and create mini-kitchens.
2. 13 rooms for classic double rooms. Moreover, make 7 rooms with two separate beds, 6 with double beds.
3. Allocate 4 rooms for single rooms.

Read also: What does it take to open a liquor store?

You will also need to equip a full-fledged kitchen for preparing food, providing it with utensils and household appliances, and also create a comfortable bathroom for several people. Additionally, the mini-hotel must have a reception desk with an administrator, Technical buildings for storing washing supplies and linen, a boiler room and a separate room for washing and ironing.

You should not choose the cheapest furniture for a hotel. It is advisable to install beds with metal frames, closets with durable doors on several hinges, and cover the floor with industrial linoleum or “office” laminate.

Additionally, the mini-hotel can be equipped with a small bar and a gym. This will allow you to significantly expand your customer reach and bring in additional funds.

Financial plan

There are two options for the development of events:

1. Find a room of suitable size and rent it.
2. Build a hotel from scratch.

Of course, the first option will require less initial costs, but you will be giving away a substantial amount every month, reducing your own income. The second option will require serious investments, but in the end you will have your own building in a convenient location, which can later be sold or rented out if you get tired of doing business.

Constructing your own building takes about two years. The estimated investment amounts are as follows:

1. Obtaining permits, research and design work- 1 million rubles.
2. Construction of the building, finishing - 10 million rubles.
3. Improvement of the surrounding area, creation of your own parking lot - 1 million rubles.
4. Purchase of furniture and equipment - 5 million rubles.
5. Other expenses - 1 million rubles.

In total, building your own facility will cost you approximately 18 million rubles.

A year of hotel operation costs approximately 4.5 million rubles, of which:

1. Taxes, wage- 2.5 million.
2. Public utilities, running costs, purchase of linen, washing supplies, etc. - 1.5 million.
3. Other expenses - 0.5 million.

The expected profit from the hotel is about 7.5 million rubles. Rooms with an average cost of 1000 rubles per day will bring you: 1000 * 20 * 30 = 600,000 per month or 7,200,000 per year at full occupancy (in practice, this figure is 10% less, since it is not possible to ensure 100% occupancy of rooms all year round quite simple). With proper organization, you will receive 6,500,000 million from the rooms and about another million rubles from the bar - gym. Net profit will be 7,500,000 - 4,500,000 = 3,000,000 rubles per year.

Note: Our 3 million does not include rent for the building. If you are building your own, then these 3 million will be your net profit. If you rent it, then approximately another 1.5-2 million will need to be paid for rent.

It turns out that building a hotel from scratch will pay for itself in 5-6 years. A rental building with an income of 1 million per year will pay for itself in 5 years. Therefore, building your own is much more profitable. Or look for options with a mortgage - it’s better to pay off the debt for your building than just pay money for rent.

In a mini-hotel, the administrator can act as a security guard

Work organization

Do you want to know how to open a hotel from scratch? First of all, you should register. We recommend that you register an LLC and work under a simplified taxation scheme. You can, of course, make it an individual entrepreneur, but in this case you risk more serious fines and liability.

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