How many hours should you work in the heat? Temperature standards in the workplace. What to do if the temperature in the workplace is above normal. An example of a memo if the temperature in the room exceeded the permissible standards

*What is 1A?

Category 1A work is work performed with minimal energy expenditure, primarily sedentary. Category 1A includes work with an energy intensity of up to 120 kcal/h (up to 139 W), performed while sitting and accompanied by minor physical stress (a number of professions in precision instrumentation and mechanical engineering enterprises, in watchmaking, sewing production, in the field of management, etc. .). The harder and more energy-consuming the work, the lower the level of comfortable temperature.

Employees performing work of category 1A can remain at the workplace for as long as they wish if the temperature ranges from 20.5°C to 27.5°C. If the thermometer in the room is 28°C, stay at the workplace should be limited to 8 hours.

The time spent in workplaces at air temperatures above permissible values, according to federal sanitary rules, should be correspondingly reduced in order to protect workers from possible overheating or cooling.

Every new half degree gives you the right to leave workplace half an hour to an hour earlier.

Thus, at a temperature of 29°C, the time spent at work is 6 hours, at 31°C - 3 hours.

If the temperature is office space rises to 33°C and above - you don’t have to go to work; working in such conditions is prohibited.

How to prove that you have the right to leave work early

Will I be paid for time missed due to heat?

Is it the employer's fault that the office is hot? Is it that the air conditioner doesn’t work/can’t cope with the load?
According to Article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the employer is obliged to ensure working conditions at each workplace that meet labor safety requirements - first of all, that are safe for the health of employees. If such conditions are not created, then this can be seen as the employer’s fault.

But summer heat is not the only reason for downtime. Force majeure this season may be smoke due to forest fires. Extremely high temperatures coupled with heavy smoke have an extremely adverse impact on the health of working citizens.
In this case, the reason for the downtime does not depend on the employer and the employee; downtime must be paid in the amount of at least two thirds tariff rate(salary, official salary), calculated in proportion to the downtime.

During periods of extreme heat and/or heavy smoke, you can not register a downtime, but follow the recommendations of the Ministry of Social Health Development of the Russian Federation dated 08/06/2010 and take, taking into account weather service forecasts, short-term annual paid leave outside the schedule, in agreement with the employer.

Working in hot weather is difficult. True, not all employers know about this. Meanwhile, there is even a special SanPiN that regulates sanitary standards when working in hot weather. This is what Rostrud traditionally reminded employers of, and also that if you refuse to shorten your working day in the heat, you can earn a fine.

What's happened?

Rostrud published its traditional summer information message for employers, in which they reminded that they are obliged to create normal working conditions for workers in the heat. Officials, in particular, obliged the management of companies and individual entrepreneurs to remember the requirements of SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96. 2.2.4 “Physical factors of the production environment. Hygienic requirements for microclimate production premises. Sanitary rules and norms”, approved by Resolution of the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision of the Russian Federation dated October 1, 1996 N 21. These norms not only determine the maximum possible length of the working day in hot weather, but also the conditions that the employer is obliged to create in the workplace.

How long can you work in the heat?

According to SanPiN, as Rostrud recalled, if the temperature in the workroom approaches 28.5 degrees, it is recommended to reduce the working day by one hour. When the temperature rises to 29 degrees - for two hours, at a temperature of 30.5 degrees - for four hours. In more detail, the dependence of working hours on temperature regime can be seen in the table.

How does temperature affect operating time?

Moreover, if the employer does not comply with the requirements of sanitary standards, the employee has every right to remind management about them and demand to be released from work early. If your boss objects, you shouldn’t leave without permission, as they may be considered absenteeism, but it wouldn’t hurt to write a memo or statement. But reducing the length of the working day in hot weather does not exhaust all the responsibilities of employers.

Air conditioning in every office!

Rostrud recalled that the responsibilities of company management also include:

• provision of air conditioning in workplaces;
• freely available software drinking water and first aid kits;
• providing employees with the opportunity to take breaks from work;
• organizing seating areas in a cool place;
• provision, if necessary, of short-term paid leave in particularly hot weather.

The service's message, in particular, says:

It is advisable to ensure a comfortable temperature regime and air conditioning of the premises. Working in a stuffy office or factory can lead to exacerbation of chronic diseases. The employer is obliged to provide safe conditions labor of workers, otherwise he may be held accountable.

Payment for forced leaves due to heat can be made in accordance with Part 2 Article 157 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation as downtime for reasons beyond the control of the employer and employee, in the amount of at least two-thirds of the average salary. All measures taken to protect workers must be reflected in additional agreements to employment contracts.

Responsibility for violation of labor rights

If an employer ignores the call of Rostrud and the requests of his employees and does not ensure compliance with sanitary standards when working in the heat, he may be held administratively liable for Article 6.3 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. The fine for violation of legislation in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population, expressed in ignoring existing sanitary rules and hygienic standards, failure to comply with sanitary, hygienic and anti-epidemic measures, is:

• for officials and individual entrepreneurs - from 500 rubles to 1000 rubles;
• for organizations - from 10,000 rubles to 20,000 rubles.

In addition, the organization’s activities may be suspended for up to 90 days.

The heat in Moscow will last throughout July, but office employees will not be released from work because of this. Source: http://yadrin.com

Temperatures in Moscow will remain around 30 degrees throughout July. According to existing sanitary standards, employees of capital offices can achieve a reduction in working hours if a certain temperature indoors is exceeded. But Rospotrebnadzor says that this is almost impossible to do.

The heat that set in Moscow in mid-June will continue throughout July. The temperature in the capital in the coming days will remain at around 30 degrees. At the same time, the city air will be extremely dry, which can further complicate people’s well-being.

“July started with hot weather, and in the foreseeable future there is no hope for the heat to subside,” said Elena Volosyuk, leading specialist at the Phobos weather center. “In the coming days, the process of anticyclogenesis will continue in the central regions of the country. This means that the dominant influence of the anticyclone will be established over the central regions of the country. A small anticyclone cloud arrives, grows in size, and the air filling it begins to warm up well. In the capital region, temperatures rise to 30 degrees.”

There may be short-term rains in the city, but they will not improve the situation much.

“Short rains will occur in the south and southeast, but the precipitation zone does not extend beyond this,” Volosyuk said. “The activity of these fronts is very small, they are weak. Although we do not rule out the possibility of thunderstorms in the coming days.”

Elena Volosyuk noted that at the moment the temperature in Moscow is significantly higher than normal.

“The day before yesterday (July 5), the average daily temperature in Moscow was 4.7 degrees higher than long-term values,” she explained. “Yesterday (July 6) this excess was 6.3 degrees. Today it will also be 6-7 degrees above normal. If you look at next week, the situation has not changed. "There's a good chance we could get temperatures above 30. Temperatures could reach 28 and 33 degrees next week."

Forecasters expect a slight drop in temperature only in the last days of July.

“Almost all of July will be very hot and very dry,” she said. “There is hope that the heat may subside in the last days of July. I'm talking specifically about a decrease in heat, and not about a cold snap. The temperature will drop to 25 degrees and it will seem that it has become a little easier to breathe.”

The right to work less, which is not fulfilled

Meanwhile, if the temperature of 28–30 degrees is recorded in the workroom, then employees have the right to demand that the employer shorten the working day. This is stated in the Sanitary Norms and Rules (SanPiN) in the country.

Requirements for air temperature in the workplace are specified in the section “Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises”. It states what the employer should do if the standards are exceeded. As one of the measures, it is proposed to reduce the working hours of employees.

Yes, for office workers, when the air temperature in the workplace is 30 degrees, the working day can be reduced to five hours (with the standard eight). At a temperature of 31 degrees - up to three hours, at 32 degrees - up to two hours, at 32.5 degrees - up to one hour.

A table showing how many hours representatives of various work categories can spend at the workplace when the temperature exceeds the standards

Category Ia includes work with an energy consumption intensity of up to 139 W, performed while sitting and accompanied by minor physical stress (a number of professions in precision instrumentation and mechanical engineering enterprises, in watchmaking, clothing production, and in management).

Category Ib includes work with an energy intensity of 140–174 W, performed while sitting, standing, or associated with walking and accompanied by some physical stress (for example, a number of professions in the printing industry, at communications enterprises, controllers, craftsmen in various types production).

Category IIa includes work with an energy intensity of 175–232 W, associated with constant walking, moving small (up to 1 kg) products or objects in a standing or sitting position and requiring a certain physical stress (in particular, a number of professions in mechanical assembly shops of machine-building enterprises, in spinning and weaving production).

Category IIb includes work with an energy intensity of 233–290 W, associated with walking, moving and carrying weights up to 10 kilograms, accompanied by moderate physical stress (a number of professions in mechanized foundries, rolling, forging, thermal, welding shops of machine-building and metallurgical enterprises).

Category III includes work with an energy intensity of more than 290 W, associated with constant movement, movement and carrying of significant (over 10 kg) weights and requiring great physical effort (a number of professions in forge shops with manual forging, foundries with manual filling and pouring of flasks machine-building and metallurgical enterprises).

According to SanPiN, in order to demand a reduction in working hours, the employer must create a commission that will measure the temperature in the workplace. The temperature must be measured in a certain way (in what way, read more in section 7 of SanPiN). Based on the results of the examinations, a protocol is drawn up, which will indicate the measurements obtained and their assessment for compliance with regulatory requirements.

However, doing this in reality, as GZT.RU found out, will be extremely difficult. The capital's department of Rosapotrebnadzor believes that it will be impossible to achieve a reduction in working hours.

“This is written, but it is practically impossible,” said Rospotrebnadzor. “It is easier for the employer to provide workers with water and other attributes. All offices should also have climate control units - fans and other devices that soften the impact of the microclimate."

However, for those who still intend to achieve a reduction in working hours, Rospotrebnadzor recommends contacting the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in Moscow. (Federal State Institution "Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in Moscow" is located in Grafsky Lane, 4/9)

“There are specialists there who have equipment,” the department explained. “They will come and measure the temperature with special thermometers. But research is carried out for a fee. The tariff is set by the Russian Federation."

The employer will not revise the working hours

The recruiting company SuperJob.ru GZT.RU also stated that the Moscow heat is a temporary force majeure, due to which the employer will not revise the working hours.

“A shortened working day is established in enterprises with constant extreme conditions,” said Alexey Zakharov, president of SuperJob.ru, to GZT.RU. “Despite the fact that productivity decreases in the heat, it cannot be said that natural conditions destabilized the work of offices.”

Alexey Zakharov said that each company deals with the heat in its own way. Additional air conditioners and fans are installed in offices, and some companies allow relaxations in the dress code.

“On an individual basis, employees can go to a meeting and be allowed to work remotely,” he added.

The fan normalizes the temperature

The fact that it is easier for an employee to get an employer to change the indoor climate than to shorten the working day was also recognized in the Federation independent trade unions Russia.

“All these standards are advisory,” Vitaly Trumel, chief technical labor inspector of the Federation of Independent Trade Unions of Russia, told GZT.RU. “Even if the temperature exceeds the established standards, there is a fan to normalize the temperature, lowering it by 2-3 degrees. That is, bring it to the maximum level - 28 degrees.”

The working day can be shortened only if this is stipulated in the collective agreement, or in the agreement between the team and the employer, said Vitaly Trumel: “The collective agreement is needed to stipulate all possible points that may affect the well-being of workers during the labor process.” .

“Everything can be accomplished,” he continued. “If a person sets himself the goal of reducing the working day and is not interested in anything else, then this is a profound delusion. Everything can be organized at the workplace. There is an organizational process to improve working conditions. If the employer cannot, the relevant authorities must issue orders.”

Setting the temperature in the office will be difficult

It will be extremely difficult to compete with the employer because of the heat in the office, says Oleg Zaitsev, a lawyer at the firm (Krikunov and Partners).

“SanPiN data regulate exactly the duration of workers’ stay at work places (at a temperature of 30 degrees), that is, if the employer has a rest room that is equipped with air conditioning, then the employee can simply go from his workplace there to rest,” explained Oleg Zaitsev.

Recording high temperatures in the office will also be difficult.

“On a certain day, the temperature in the workplace may exceed 30 degrees, and when a Rospotrebnadzor employee comes to measure it, at that moment the temperature may drop,” explained Zaitsev. “On the other hand, the employer can install air conditioning and it will be quite difficult to prove that the temperature is here.” did not meet the standard."

Elevated air temperatures have a harmful effect on the body. Well-being and health deteriorate, and performance decreases. Work at elevated air temperatures in a production facility or work outdoors during the hot season must be carefully planned; the work and rest regime for such work must comply with the requirements established by regulatory documents.
In accordance with MP 2.2.8.0017-10 ( Guidelines“Occupational hygiene. Collective and individual protective equipment. Work and rest regimes for workers in a heating microclimate in a production facility and in open areas during the warm period of the year", establishing hygienic requirements for the work regime in a heating microclimate and in open areas), the permissible duration of continuous stay in a heating microclimate depends on energy consumption. On average, for temperatures of 26-28 degrees Celsius with extremely low physical activity, the total duration is 3-5 hours, and with very high rates energy consumption – from one and a half to two and a half; The “work-rest” mode thus looks like 25-40 minutes of work for light work, and 10-20 minutes for heavy work within one hour.
Then you need to spend time in a room with a comfortable microclimate (15-20 minutes - light work; for more difficult work, the time increases).
Another document relevant to the subject of the article is “ SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96. Physical factors of the production environment. Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises. Sanitary rules and regulations". This document establishes the recommended time of stay at the workplace when the air temperature exceeds permissible values.
Quote from the document (not an official publication, provided for reference, there may be differences from the text normative document in connection with a revision or change in the norms of the document):

TIME AT WORKPLACES

WHEN THE AIR TEMPERATURE IS ABOVE PERMITTED VALUES

Categories of work can be determined according to Appendix 1 to SanPiN. IN general outline Category Ia includes sedentary work with little physical stress (management, clothing industry, and so on.). Category Ib includes slightly more difficult work (sitting, standing, walking, work as a foreman, controller). Category IIa includes heavier work - essentially this is the work of the previous category, supplemented by the movement of products and objects weighing up to 1 kilogram. The next category IIb is characterized by carrying and moving heavy objects weighing up to 10 kg. Category III – heavy work associated with movement, moving (carrying) weights over 10 kg, requiring great physical effort.
Some recommendations for those working at elevated temperatures (indoors, open air):

1. Limit exposure to air. Organize rest every 15-20 minutes in a refrigerated room or a room with normal temperature (at 24-25 ° C).
2. Provide ventilation, turn on fans. Avoid sudden and/or significant cooling of the body due to the temperature difference between the ambient air of the work area and the rest room - especially when air conditioners are installed in the rest areas.
3. Working at temperatures above 37 °C is considered hazardous. Plan your work so that hazardous work carried out in the morning or evening.
4. Maintain drinking regime. The temperature of water and drinks should be 12...15 °C (this temperature is optimal). It is recommended to provide juices, fortified drinks, lactic acid drinks, oxygen-protein cocktails - to compensate for the loss of salts and microelements through sweat. You need to drink little and often. The total amount of water, as a rule, is not limited, but it is better to regulate the volume of a single dose - no more than one glass. However, remember it is not advisable to drink more than 1.5 liters of fluid per day to avoid excessive stress on the kidneys. People with kidney and cardiovascular diseases should not increase the amount of water consumption.
5. If possible, to maintain immunity and reduce intoxication in the body, you need to eat fruits and vegetables.
6. To prevent injuries, hot surfaces are insulated or fenced, and if necessary, a safe time (duration) of contact with the surface is established.
7. Outdoors, you must wear hats and sunglasses.
8. Avoid fatty foods, minimize meat consumption (replace it with fish and seafood).
9. Take cool showers throughout the day.

In conclusion, let us give one more general rule, applicable to all situations: if you feel unwell, consult a doctor immediately, do not try to “lie down” or “self-heal”. During the hot season, the load on the heart increases and the number of heart attacks increases. Don’t be careless about your health, take care of yourself.

© Region on the islands

Hot weather in the area Russian Federation not uncommon, especially in the southern regions of the country. Heat leads to deterioration of working conditions for those working in open areas, in industrial and public premises without air conditioning.

Working in stuffy, unair-conditioned rooms can lead to exacerbation of chronic diseases and decreased productivity. Therefore, it is in the interests of the employer to ensure a comfortable temperature regime in the workplace, because It is difficult to expect efficient work from employees exhausted by the heat.

The rights of workers during hot weather are protected by sanitary standards adopted in the Russian Federation. In addition, the employer is obliged to provide safe and healthy working conditions for employees in accordance with the Labor Code.

Labor inspectors recommend that employers provide air conditioning in workplaces, as well as give employees the opportunity to take breaks from work, provide rest areas and provide short-term paid leaves. Moreover, payment for such forced leaves can be made in accordance with the second part of Article 157 of the Labor Code as downtime for reasons beyond the control of the employer and employee, in the amount of at least two-thirds of the average salary.

During abnormal heat, the employer can move the work of some employees home, extend the lunch break so that people can go for walks and breathe air, change the work regime and schedule, for example, start an hour earlier production activities and finish an hour earlier. All innovations must be specified in additional agreements to employment contract.

The employer must ensure that clean drinking water and a first aid kit with appropriate medications are always available in the work premises.

Employers who do not care about the working conditions and health of workers may be fined. If a legal entity ignores standards for the microclimate of the premises where employees work, the organization faces a fine of 10-20 thousand rubles or suspension of activities for up to 90 days.

Rostrud has issued recommendations specifically for employers on organizing the work process in hot weather. The agency reminds that according to current sanitary standards, if the temperature in the workroom approaches 28.5 degrees, it is recommended to reduce the working day by one hour. When the temperature rises to 29 degrees - for two hours, at 30.5 degrees - for four.

Scientists have found that every degree increase in temperature above +26 reduces the productivity of employees by 10%, so it really is not in the interests of the employer to torture people in vain with heat. In addition, the obligation to provide its employees with normal working conditions is expressly stated in the Labor Code. If there is no money for air conditioning, send people home.

If the employer still does not want to improve working conditions, you can complain not only labor inspection, but also to the prosecutor’s office and Rospotrebnadzor.

If the temperature in the room is high, employees are required to report this to their immediate supervisor so that the employer can take action (Article 21 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). Having received such a message, the employer is obliged to change the temperature three times during the working day and draw up a protocol. If, after drawing up the protocol, the working hours are not reduced, the employee has the right to refuse to perform work (Article 220 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation) - simply by notifying the employer in writing.

Rostrud recommends that citizens more actively defend their rights. If Rostrud receives complaints about violations of working conditions by the employer when working in the hot season, then this is the basis for unscheduled inspection. Such a violation will be clearly qualified as a threat to life and (or) health, and in this case the inspector will come out for inspection immediately and without prior approval from the prosecutor’s office.

So, Rostrud recommends to employers in hot weather:

1) provide air conditioning in workplaces;

2) give employees the opportunity to take breaks from work and provide places for rest;

3) extend the lunch break;

4) provide short-term paid holidays;

5) move the work of some employees from the office to home;

6) change the mode and work schedule, for example, start production activities an hour earlier and finish an hour earlier.

All these innovation measures must be specified in additional agreements to the employees’ employment contracts.

What is the optimal temperature for working indoors?

The rules determining the optimal and permissible temperature for employees are specified in sanitary rules“Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises” (SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96). According to the document, the optimal indicators in summer are as follows: :

Air temperature - 23-25 ​​degrees (work is permissible at temperatures up to 28 degrees);

Surface temperature - 22-26 degrees;

Relative air humidity - 60-40%.

At what temperature does the working day shorten or stop completely?

An employee’s working day is shortened if the thermometer shows from 28 to 32 degrees:

At +28.5 degrees - a working day of no more than 7 hours;

At +29 degrees - working day up to 6 hours;

At +30 degrees - a working day of 4-5 hours;

At +31 degrees - a working day of 2-3 hours;

At +32 degrees - a working day of 1-2 hours.

Moreover, if the room temperature exceeds 33 degrees, according to the law, you may not start work at all.

Recommendations for organizing work in high temperature conditions

To prevent the impact of adverse factors on human health and performance, as well as to protect workers from possible overheating, it is necessary to limit working time. For example, when the temperature in the workplace is above 30 degrees, the optimal working day should not exceed 5 hours with little labor input. If physical activity is constant and significant, the same temperature regime requires only a 2-hour working day. If the duration of working hours is reduced due to a significant increase in air temperature, payment for a reduced number of hours can be made in the amount of at least two-thirds of the salary, as for downtime due to reasons beyond the control of the employer and employee reasons. Despite the advisory nature of these standards, the Labor Code of the Russian Federation requires the employer to provide safe conditions and labor protection for the employee. If during the inspection State Inspectorate labor will be established that the temperature regime in the workplace poses an immediate threat to the health of the employee, the employer guilty of the violation will suffer administrative punishment in the manner prescribed by Part 1 of Art. 5.27 of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses “Violation of labor and labor protection legislation.” In the event of an accident at work, including for reasons of non-compliance with safe temperature conditions, the responsible official may be held liable, including criminal liability.

In order to prevent the adverse effects of these factors, the employer can use protective measures (local air conditioning systems, air showers, personal protective equipment, in particular wet gauze dressings and respirators, rest rooms, regulation of work hours, breaks in work, etc.).

Compliance by employers with these recommendations will help prevent accidents and the occurrence of occupational diseases, and protect the health and life of workers from the dangerous effects of high temperatures. To prevent adverse effects the above factors on human health and performance, protecting workers from possible overheating, the time spent at workplaces (continuously or cumulatively per work shift) in accordance with sanitary standards and rules should be limited.

Reminder for workers in conditions of elevated air temperature

1. To prevent overheating of the body (hyperthermia), it is necessary to organize a rational operating mode. When working outdoors and outside temperature 35°Cand longer duration of periods continuous operation should be 15-20 minutes followed by a rest period of at least 10-12 minutes in refrigerated rooms. In this case, the permissible total duration of thermal load per work shift should not exceed 4-5 hours, for persons using special clothes for protection from thermal radiation and 1.5-2 hours for persons without special clothing.

2. In the room in which the normalization of a person’s thermal state is carried out after working in a heating environment, the air temperature, in order to avoid cooling the body due to a large temperature difference (body surface - ambient air) and increased heat transfer by evaporation of sweat, should be maintained at 24- 25°C.

3. Operation at outside temperatures above 37°C According to microclimate indicators, it is classified as dangerous (extreme). It is not recommended to work outdoors at temperatures above 37°C. The workday routine should be changed, moving such work to the morning or evening.

4. To protect against excessive thermal radiation, it is necessary to use special clothing or clothing made of thick fabrics. It is recommended that persons no younger than 25 and no older than 40 years old be allowed to perform such work.

5. In order to prevent dehydration of the body, it is recommended to properly organize and maintain a drinking regime. Drinking water must be in sufficient quantity and within easy reach. Recommended temperature of drinking water, drinks, tea +10- 15°C. For optimal water supply, it is also recommended to compensate for the loss of salts and microelements excreted from the body through sweat, providing for the provision of salted water, alkaline mineral water, lactic acid drinks (skimmed milk, whey), juices, fortified drinks, oxygen-protein cocktails.

6. You should drink water often and little by little to maintain good hydration of the body (optimal water content in the body, which ensures its normal functioning and metabolism). When the air temperature is more than 30°C and performing moderately heavy work, you need to drink at least 0.5 lwater per hour - approximately one cup every 20 minutes.

7. To maintain immunity and reduce intoxication of the body, it is recommended, if possible, to consume fruits and vegetables.

home » How to earn » How many hours should you work in the heat? Temperature standards in the workplace. What to do if the temperature in the workplace is above normal. An example of a memo if the temperature in the room exceeded the permissible standards