October 25th is customs day. Day of the Customs Officer of the Russian Federation. International Women's Day for Peace
Customs Day Russian Federation falls on October 25th. This day was determined by order of the President of Russia back in the mid-90s of the last century.
The memorable day of October 25 has long been significant in history, because it was marked by the appearance of the customs charter. It arose on the basis of the Decree of Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov on the introduction of customs duties in all regions of our state.
Story
Customs Officer's Day of the Russian Federation was adopted at the state level by the first Head of the Russian Federation in 1995 of the last century. It was determined by the adoption of the general customs regulations on October 25, 1953. In addition, on October 25, 1991, the customs community was approved at the state level.
When does it take place?
This holiday is celebrated twice a year on October 25 and January 26. October 25 is the professional holiday of customs officers in our state, and the second date is associated with international celebrations.
In the early 50s of the last century, the World Customs Union was organized, which included more than 15 states. And already in the early 80s of the last century, January 26 was approved as.
Who's celebrating?
The holiday is celebrated by those people who are associated with this profession, their relatives and friends.
Various meetings, banquets, concert programs. Congratulations are prepared in their honor, and poems are written. During the holiday, accumulated problems are also solved. The implementation of goals related to customs activities and dedicated to the holiday.
Customs officers celebrate their holiday on a special scale. This date is marked for them by receiving congratulations from leaders, authorities, colleagues, loved ones and relatives.
Traditions
Representatives of the government of our state actively participate in the process of awarding certificates of commendation for various achievements related to economic security, for the implementation of various the latest developments and improving the regulatory process. Leaders promote those who have particularly distinguished themselves.
The network of television programs includes those dedicated to the professional holiday. It mentions progress in this area, its achievements and difficulties.
About the profession
A customs officer is a specialist who controls the transportation of people and goods across borders between countries. He takes customs payments and fees and tries to prevent the illegal transportation of goods. Labor activity begins with training in higher or special education educational institution. Those who have completed the training course have the right to carry out activities in the field of public service.
Working in compliance with Customs legislation, customs officers in our state have shown that they can conduct activities based on interethnic norms. In the functioning of customs authorities, risk research and control companies operating in some countries of the world community are increasingly being used.
Nowadays, work is being done to improve customs information systems. The processes, methods of searching, collecting, processing and storing customs surveillance information are being mastered. Many customs areas have switched to electronic declaration of products using electronic keys for sighting. The functioning of customs groups is being improved.
In the current situation related to the fight that Russia is waging against international terrorism, the activities of customs officials boil down to preventing the illegal transportation of weapons, the safe movement of vehicles, and working together together with law enforcement agencies World Customs Organization, leading the fight against terrorism.
- The name customs came from the tribes of North Asia, and translated into Russian means “Stamp,” that is, a label applied to a product that signified ownership.
- In the era of the Tatar-Mongol yoke and ancient Rus', local rulers were paid a quitrent called “Myt”.
- The first customs post was located in the area of old Palmyra. A stone was discovered here, which indicated the sequence of products for which duties had to be paid upon import and export.
- When Prohibition was adopted in America, the illegal transportation of alcoholic beverages was carried out through the sea route. Those who transported alcohol were already prepared in advance to go through customs and attached bags of salt or sugar to the container. When danger arose, the cargo was thrown into the sea, and when the salt and sugar dissolved over time, the container with alcohol floated to the surface.
- In the 50s, honey containing narcotic substances was discovered in Peru. Studies have shown that the drugs were not hidden in the product, but appeared there naturally, bee hives were located near coca plantations.
- Malaysia imposes fines on travelers for importing certain cosmetics, confectionery, household appliances.
- It is prohibited to import binoculars considered as weapons into Ethiopia.
There are:
On this counter you can keep track of how many days are left until the holiday “Customs Officer’s Day of the Russian Federation”
Constantly moves between states a large number of people and goods. These processes need to be controlled, which is what customs officers do. These specialists stand at their posts around the clock, confidently monitoring trade turnover in order to detain intruders and prevent smuggling from entering Russian territory. It is customs officers who often confront drug distributors, arms suppliers, and smugglers. That’s why they received a professional holiday, which is celebrated on October 25th.
history of the holiday
The date for the holiday was chosen taking into account specific historical events. The customs service was formed back in the 17th century, at which time the main responsibilities of customs officers were outlined. Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich was personally responsible for the development of the basic rules by which transported goods were controlled. The fact is that it was by his decree that the first customs charter in the country was developed. In that century, customs finally received the status of a public service, guarding and protecting Russian interests.
Over the long history of its existence, this service has undergone reorganization several times. It has existed in its modern form since 1991, when the State Customs Committee of the Russian Federation was created. Somewhat later, in 1995, a corresponding professional holiday was established, after the decree “On the establishment of Customs Officer Day of the Russian Federation.”
Now Russian customs officers confidently and persistently prove that they work at the level of high European standards, actively using advanced technologies. The work of customs authorities involves increasingly active use of the risk analysis and management system in place in the most developed countries on planet Earth.
the 25th of October- 298th day, 43rd week, 4th Monday of October, year 2010 from the Nativity of Christ, October 12 according to the old style, year 5771 from the Creation of the World.
Name day
Male: Alexander, Denis, Ivan, Nikolay.
Signs
On this day, they watch the stars and use them to tell fortunes about the weather and the harvest: blinking means a change in the weather; blazing - to the winds and dry year.
If there is a strong twinkling of stars with blue tints, it means snow.
Many bright stars in the sky - for the pea harvest.
Stars fall to the wind.
Those born on this day are given the ability to predict by the stars.
You should wear amber.
Holidays
Customs Day of the Russian Federation
Numerous historical facts allow us to assert the thousand-year period of existence of customs in Russia. In any case, even in Ancient Rus', a toll duty was levied for the transportation of goods through internal and external outposts.
The formation of a unified Russian (Moscow) state was the main circumstance in the development of the customs system in the 15th and 16th centuries. In subsequent development foreign trade Russia's customs business was also developing, and by the beginning of the 20th century it was a complex mechanism regulating the foreign economic policy of the state.
In the history of the Russian Customs Service, October 25 is a special day. It was on this day in 1653 that the Decree of the Sovereign Tsar and Grand Duke of All Rus' Alexei Mikhailovich was issued on the collection customs duty"in Moscow and Russian cities." Since then the state customs Service defends the economic interests of Russia.
It was on October 25, 1991 that the State Customs Committee of the Russian Federation was created by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation.
On August 4, 1995, Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 811 “On establishing the Day of Customs Officer of the Russian Federation” was issued, according to which October 25 will be celebrated as the Day of Customs Officer of the Russian Federation.
International Women's Day for Peace
Today, October 25, is the International Women's Day for Peace. It takes place as part of Disarmament Action Week.
The date was determined by the decision of the International Democratic Federation of Women (IDFW) since 1980.
IDFW is an organization that unites women “regardless of race, nationality, religious and political views for a joint struggle in the name of protecting and winning their rights as citizens, mothers, workers, in the name of protecting children, in the name of ensuring peace, democracy and independence of peoples,” - states the Charter of this organization.
It was created in December 1945 at the International Women's Congress in Paris.
Happened in Vladivostok
October 25, 1887 on mechanical plant The following port workshops are located: prefabricated, machine tool, metalwork, copper-boiler, mine, weapons, compass, model, model warehouse, office of the chief mechanical engineer of the port, its drawing room, engine room and two large storage rooms.
On October 25, 1892, the second newspaper, “Dalniy Vostok,” began publishing in Vladivostok, which had a liberal-monarchist direction and existed until 1918.
Born on this day
Mikhail Mikhailovich DOSTOEVSKY (1820-22.7.1864) - writer, publisher of the magazines “Time” and “Epoch”, elder brother of F. M. DOSTOEVSKY.
Johann STRAUSS son (1825-3.6.1899) - Austrian composer, king of the waltz (“Tales of the Vienna Woods”, “Die Fledermaus”, “Gypsy Baron”).
Gleb Ivanovich USPENSKY (1843-6.4.1902) - writer (“Ravail”, “Power of the Earth”).
Karl Karlovich GRIGOROVICH (1868-1921) - virtuoso violinist, nicknamed the Russian Sarasate.
Pablo PICASSO (1881-8.4.1973) - Spanish artist.
Karp Demyanovich TROKHIMENKO (1885-1979) - People's Artist of Ukraine.
Victor TUROV (1936) - film director (“Sons Go to Battle”, “I Come from Childhood”, “People in the Swamp”).
Tamara Petrovna SEMINA (1938) - film actress (“Resurrection”, “Golden Calf”, “Eternal Call”, “Tavern on Pyatnitskaya”).
100 years since the birth of Lev Georgievich Kaplanov, zoologist-naturalist.
In 1939, Kaplanov drew attention to the uncontrolled capture of Amur tigers for zoos directly in the Sikhote-Alin Nature Reserve (at that time its area was 20 thousand sq. km). WITH with great difficulty The zoologist managed to obtain permission to conduct research on the tiger. Kaplanov’s estimate of the tiger population, obtained in Russia for the first time, is only a few dozen individuals, according to the famous tiger expert E.N. Matyushkina (1998), clearly indicated the imminent threat of extinction of the tiger. Kaplanov was killed by a poacher caught in the act. A talented naturalist was buried in Valentin. An unsightly monument, welded from iron sheets, was erected on the grave. At the top there is something like an open book. In 1970, the Sudzukhinsky Nature Reserve was renamed Lazovsky. L.G. Kaplanova.
60 years since the birth of Efim Samuilovich Zvenyatsky, artistic director of the Primorsky Academic Regional Drama Theater named after. M. Gorky”, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation. Heading the largest drama theater Far East, E.S. Zvenyatsky identified for himself the main object of research - the relationships and destinies of ordinary people in a very difficult world. As a director, he is characterized by productions that evoke good and bright feelings in the viewer. Directed by E.S. Zvenyatsky works for an idea, for social necessity. His talent for staging is recognized by the audience, it is multi-component and flexible in mastering theatrical innovations. The undoubted success of the performances staged by E.S. Zvenyatsky, is due to the fact that the theater team is a community of like-minded people who studied, grew and developed creatively together.
E.S. Zvenyatsky is the President of the Primorsky Regional Cultural Foundation, as well as the Deputy Chairman of the Council for Culture and Art under the Governor of the Primorsky Territory. He enjoys authority among the leadership of the region, as well as among representatives of culture and art far beyond the region. He constantly maintains close contact with the city community and takes part in all significant events in the life of the city.
In 2000, by the decision of the head of the city administration E.S. Zvenyatsky was awarded the title “Honorary Citizen of the City of Vladivostok.” In 2003 E.S. Zvenyatsky was awarded the honorary title “People’s Artist of the Russian Federation.”
Events
1653 - During the reign of ALEXEY MIKHAILOVICH, the Customs Charter was published, establishing a single ruble duty on the territory of Russia. Nowadays it is celebrated as Customs Officer's Day.
1817 - In Moscow, on the Sparrow Hills, in the presence of Emperor ALEXANDER I, the Cathedral of Christ the Savior was founded according to the design of Alexander Lavrentievich VITBERG. This project was not implemented: 22 years later, when Witberg was finishing his term in exile, construction began on a new temple in a new location designed by the architect K. TON.
1825 - The Erie Canal was opened in the United States, connecting the Great Lakes via the Hudson River with New York.
1930 - The New York Times reported on a surprising incident that recently occurred on a highway in Saxony. At the same time, the engines of 40 cars stalled on the road, and, despite all efforts, the owners could not start them. Just as unexpectedly (and also at the same time), an hour later the engines suddenly started working.
1938 - The Union of Ukrainian Artists was created.
1955 - The American company Tappan Company first introduced a microwave oven.
1976 - The Royal National Theater opens in London.
In the photo, an employee of the SOBR of the Federal Customs Service of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg.
October 25 has long been considered a significant day in the history of the Russian customs service. It was on this day in 1653 that the Unified Customs Charter first appeared in the country, born from the Decree of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich on the collection of customs duties “in Moscow and Russian cities.”
From that moment on, customs became public service, designed to protect the economic interests of the country. And on October 25, 1991, by Decree of the President of Russia, the State Customs Committee of the Russian Federation was formed.
The Day of the Customs Officer of the Russian Federation was established by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 811 of August 4, 1995 “On the establishment of the Day of the Customs Officer of the Russian Federation.”
The topic of this article has been ripe for a long time. But I was able to implement it only now.
The fight against crime in the field of customs is mainly related to two articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation: article 188 “Smuggling” and 194 “Evasion of customs duties levied on an organization or individual.”
But what does any customs SOBR have to do with it? Or they also ask: “Why do customs need special forces”?
This question is asked by ordinary citizens and professionals in the field of customs, then by employees and veterans of law enforcement agencies of various departments not only in Russia but also in the CIS countries, with whom I had to communicate on the Internet and in real life. Although, what is the line between the Internet and reality? Probably only temporary.
This will always happen when there is no clarity and completeness of information about the activities of a particular service, its effectiveness and expediency.
I will give here the opinion of Dmitry Sukharev. True, he is a far removed person from the customs service and does not even know why the customs authorities have operational services. But all this is only due to illiteracy. He doesn’t understand much, but he begins to reason. He just doesn’t give any arguments in favor of his opinion in relation to those “... who go to work with one goal - to get fat...”
"...Why do we need SOBRs? There shouldn't be any SOBRs at all. Our whole country has turned into one kind of stupid and helpless SOBR. Not only are they not needed by customs, but also by all other structures that contain them..."
"...These same SOBRs have now been created under literally any structure that has at least some state funds. Is there nowhere else to put them? They will soon be attached to laundries..."
“...I don’t understand why you keep lecturing me about the benefits of the customs service? I didn’t say anything bad about customs as such. Although I could have. If these magnificent workers began to be imprisoned in armfuls, en masse, at customs posts. About how these same hard workers grabbed thousands of bribes for themselves, at the same time as ordinary (non-customs) servants, without receiving wages, continued to go to work. In our region there was a case of death of an ordinary guard - from hunger. Two weeks the guy didn't eat anything, but didn't take it "on his paw". I have never heard anything like that about customs officers. NEVER. And I never will.
I will never respect this public. Just as I will never respect traffic cops, no matter what you call them. And everyone who goes to work with one goal - to get fat..."
“Why does Customs need its own special forces? In my opinion, this is a disruptive initiative of your superiors, who want to have their own militants. And in fact, they are eating the people’s bread.”
“These functions may well be performed by the Ministry of Internal Affairs or bailiffs.”
“Why are there any “sobrs” in the customs control zone? In Soviet times, we managed just fine without them and now they are not needed there. In case of emergency situations, you can involve a rapid response group created in each staff unit of a maximum of 5 people, who, in the absence of emergency situations, situations perform their normal customs duties.
But entire units of some kind of customs collection are not needed and only eat up budget money."
“It’s just not clear why we need some kind of parasites with weapons and in uniform, in huge quantities, in order to “stop” some kind of incomprehensible smuggling (in what form?) “outside the zones of customs points.”
“For new positions, slackers, the allocation of huge funds and everything for unemployed thousands (tens of thousands???) of people. Ordinary Vshivtsevs are satisfied with this - to do nothing, receiving some kind of money for it, and the bosses cut larger sums and gain weight in structure ( high positions, titles, connections, etc.)."
Sergey Zhukov 2 (2010)
“Well, now tell me, “Why in the customs control zone... are there “sobras”...?” You have been given a task - complete it..."
Boris Bezroda 04/01/2010
I will not dispute the arguments of my opponents for now, especially since they are unfounded and if Dmitry Sukharev had bothered to read about this topic at least on the official website of the Federal Customs Service, he would have an idea about operations in customs and what they do there. But, as they say, “if the mountain does not come to Magamet, then Mohammed goes to the mountain.”
Why do customs officers need operational officers?
OPERATIONAL-SEARCH ACTIVITIES OF THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION - a type of activity carried out by the customs authorities of the Russian Federation in order to identify persons preparing or committing an illegal act recognized by the legislation of the Russian Federation as a crime, the investigation of which is within the competence of the customs authorities of the Russian Federation, as well as upon requests from international customs organizations, customs and other competent authorities of foreign states in accordance with international and Russian treaties on customs issues.
The main task of the security unit of the customs service is the detection of planned, preparing, committed (ongoing), completed crimes, identification and detection of suspects, objects (persons and objects), objects of criminal encroachment and other things to establish the truth in criminal cases within the competence of the customs authorities RF.
For this purpose, units have been specially created that carry out operational and operational investigations. However, in many cases the presence or physical intervention of armed personnel wielding weapons is necessary. special techniques hand-to-hand combat, the ability and skills of detaining suspects who may resist or oppose operational officers, interrogators or investigators.
Search in the Russian customs service is not “know-how” or, as they say now, it is not an innovation recent years, necessary for the theft of money by certain customs officials from the taxpayer’s pocket, as the mockingbirds say (what else can they be called?).
To clarify the historical connection between the activities of the customs authorities of Russia and this same structure in the past, I will begin my story with the history of customs in Russia according to the book by Yu.G. Kislovsky "Smuggling. History and Modernity" 1996. I heard lectures by this respected author several years ago at the Customs Academy while studying at the Faculty of Law.
Even in the Personal Decree of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich in 1681, it was said that strict measures were envisaged for persons who caused damage to the treasury resulting from a shortage of duties. In addition, in accordance with it, a search was undertaken for persons involved in smuggling. What is clear from the twentieth article of the Personal Decree of Alexei Mikhailovich, which I will not quote here. It is on the Internet. And if you have any questions, I can then provide a quote in the attachment.
I hope this is clear.
But why do customs need special rapid response units (SOBR)?
Special rapid response units (SOBR) provide force support for the operational-search activities of customs officers, prosecutors, and the FSB. The main form of action is to carry out special events and operations in cooperation with divisions of customs authorities and divisions of other ministries and departments of the Russian Federation. (I have not yet sufficiently explored this part in my works).
Dry words. Little of this is clear to the average person.
An example from life, more precisely from the work of operational services and the Special Rapid Response Team of the customs service.
According to official data, at the time of 2008, the customs authorities operated 58 special rapid response units with a total number of 1,409 people. In 2008 and 2009, Sobrov members held over 106 thousand special events. As a result of their conduct in cooperation with law enforcement units of customs authorities, goods and vehicles worth over 511 million rubles were detained. 337 criminal cases and 3,374 cases of administrative offenses were initiated.
Special rapid response units, in collaboration with customs officers and other law enforcement agencies, constantly participate in special operations at the regional and federal levels, such as “Almaz”, “Les”, “Vostok”, “Dozor”, “Barrier”, “Zaslon”, “ Putin", "Skoroport", etc. aimed at preventing and suppressing offenses and crimes in the field of customs affairs.
To carry out such complex and responsible tasks, SOBR is provided with modern special equipment: air, sea and river vessels, as well as vehicles.
When carrying out assigned tasks, SOBR sometimes has to risk their lives. The leadership of the Federal Customs Service of Russia highly appreciates the merits of the customs special forces.
What is behind the statistics and official data of the Russian customs service? There are people behind these dry numbers. I note that they are worthy. And I am very unhappy when I hear swear words addressed to them. SOBR is despised without hiding it.
“Immeasurable contempt gives the despised a sense of his own greatness.”
Victor Hugo
In the same outfit with me were guys from different regions of the SOBR units of the customs authorities. We met someone once. And with whom, side by side, we spent more than one day together, being on patrol, waiting for violators in ambush, detaining alleged criminals while they were committing illegal actions. We spent a lot of time together - working and relaxing. Of course, there were some conversations. I present some of them to the readers here.
Behind these conversations lies the invisible side of the service of hundreds of people in uniform. Sobrovtsy at the border are working with full dedication. According to information provided by FSB and FCS operatives, the activities of smugglers are being suppressed. They organize ambushes on possible transport routes of persons transporting smuggled goods.
Fedor T., captain of the customs service, SOBR Bryansk customs:
We have to detain border violators almost every day. It's easy to do. There they made a ditch across the field. Through which two thick boards are laid and cars or carts drive over them. Why are you laughing? Is it true. Carts carry almost no less than cars. They are neither heard nor seen. And the horse will not be confiscated. And he will either build the cart himself or buy it. The benefit pays off quickly and easily. They can do this anywhere and at any time. The smugglers are mostly local, either from the Russian or Ukrainian side. What else should they do? Collective farms were closed, production facilities were bought up by Moscow oligarchs back in the nineties and also went bankrupt. There is no work. Either go somewhere or drink vodka. And then the border and nimble little people appeared. They promised good money. People need to survive. So they are engaged in smuggling. Police and border guards? They are in trouble. Even when we go, they are informed. Have you seen grannies selling sunflower seeds in front of customs? So these are bandit “tricksters”. We leave the territory and they immediately call the bandits from their mobile phones and inform them that the SOBR has left. Each call is valued at one hundred dollars. Sunflower seeds are so - a legend - a cover. That's how we work.
Alexey S., captain of the customs service, SOBR Bryansk customs:
A month ago, a local resident from a village located three kilometers from the Ukrainian border was detained. On a horse-drawn cart, he was transporting three bales with Chinese clothes from the other side. He made three or four such “flights” a day. To the question - how much does he earn per day? He answered that he worked for a bottle of vodka. But apparently, vodka is expensive and costs money. Since he built up a three-story mansion, registered in the name of his retired mother, and bought a “completely stuffed” Mitsubishi Pajero, also registered in his mother’s name. And my mother has a pension of eight thousand rubles. Well, what could they do? They filed an “administrative file” (a case of an administrative violation), and the documents were sent to the administrative investigation department. The guys “cut down the stick” while sitting in the office. And here we go again, in the rain or in the heat, with machine guns to the border. What's wrong with the cart? Vehicle must be withdrawn. The sealed cart is parked on the territory of the customs post, and no one will supply the horse; there is no one to feed it. They gave it back to the owner. A day later we saw him on this nag, but on a new cart - he was carrying hay. He's probably still carrying bales of clothes again. We'll come back from a business trip and catch him again. We'll lay up the second cart.
That's what! - his colleague Arthur continues the conversation, - one such “huckster” (trader - author) has his own temporary storage warehouse (temporary storage warehouse - author), illegal, of course. I bought several village houses. He demolished everything. I fenced off the area with a three-meter fence with barbed wire. And several trucks with goods are driven to him at once for transshipment. Police? Of course he knows! He, the head of the Internal Affairs Directorate and the prosecutor take a steam bath and go hunting together. Do you know what hunting is like in our forests? Come!
Oleg K., senior lieutenant of the customs service, SOBR Rostov customs:
At the end of May, in a field on a country road, not far from the border with Ukraine, we catch a “loaf” (UAZ) chock-full of strawberries for sale. He offered dollars. Everyone was afraid that it would go bad. Delivered with completed documents to the customs post. But he left there within twenty minutes. Who did we let go? Yes. Was. A man in a Niva also drove across the boards into the field. I was carrying a lot of food in the car. Almost to the tune of a few bucks. They started checking the documents. He turned out to be a father of many children - eight children. To feed this crowd, it is purchased from Ukraine. But he doesn’t go through the checkpoint because at the two borders you either have to spend money, or everything will be taken away. This is how he carries it. Maybe some for sale. But not on the same scale. He does this to feed his family. They let me go. But then we were on patrol with one of the bosses from YuTU, and this one fell for the sin. "Yutushnik" forced him to formalize it. Ten kilograms of sausage, ten kilograms of lard and a leg of lamb. But the real smuggler was caught, so he got into the cab of his truck with him and came out happy. He ordered to be released. I hate such bastards...
Andrey P., customs service major, SOBR of Samara customs:
We somehow caught up with the intruder state border driving a KAMAZ truck. They signaled to him as best they could. He didn’t let us overtake, but we were on the “goat” (UAZ Hunter). We got carried away by the chase. Then he started shooting from the AKSU into the air. But he doesn't stop. When they finally caught up with and detained the intruder, he said that he did not hear or see us. He lied, of course. He was carrying expensive goods. Then, while sitting in a pre-trial detention center, he wrote complaints to the Prosecutor's Office about me, as the eldest, and that I could have killed him with shots from a machine gun. I “unsubscribed” for several months.
Anton D., captain of the customs service, SOBR of Belgorod customs:
There was a case when, within a day, equipment was brought to the border with Ukraine on the other side. Border guards reported that from a helicopter they saw about two thousand trucks nearby. Overnight they made a clearing through the forest and used bulldozers to level the ground. More than three thousand trucks drove behind them. Well, what could the three of us do against them? Nobody provided help. They just told me not to write a report on this matter. The authorities don't need publicity. So we drove on. I don’t know how it will go on.
Alexander T., customs service major, SOBR Belgorod region:
And after detaining the border violator, we roll back our masks and get down to writing. We prepare all the documents for criminal or administrative charges ourselves. The senior runs around the offices and collects all the papers, files them and hands them over to these “cleanies” in the offices who are supposed to do this. But there are those who do the work, and there are those who skim off the cream...
Alexander K., captain of the customs service, SOBR of the Kaliningrad customs:
Once we were at a joint event with border guards. They caught shuttle workers dumping goods from trains. Night. Dark. We go without flashlights - we comb the forest belt. Suddenly, from the bushes, an aunt with a checkered bag will jump out at me. I thought I would die of fear...
Nikolay I., lieutenant colonel of the customs service, SOBR of the Voronezh region:
What? You say you study at the customs academy. And they say that only six or eight percent of contraband is caught? They even bend it. They lie, in a word. Even what is arrested is sold to the same “hucksters”. Listen here. We detain twenty trucks with contraband. There, on the road, within ten minutes, a businessman in a Pradika appears and immediately offers to sell the goods for twenty thousand greenbacks. We refuse, they say, we have already reported to the authorities. And he tells us that if we don’t release his cars, then at customs he will give five thousand per car and the issue will be resolved. We tell him that it won’t work, there are inspectors from Moscow. And then he says that in Moscow he will give you ten for each car and let you go. Here's how...
Why is all this here? In order to see the living in these people, and not the “official” one.
Sergei Zhukov 2 spoke about the USSR that there were no such units there. But at the border, from the late twenties, issues were raised with the capture of border violators with the help of local residents, who were stimulated economically, that is, there was work, there were essential goods to meet their needs. Now local residents have no work and no means of livelihood. The state forgot about them. And they, like hundreds of years ago, are engaged in smuggling. This natural process must be eradicated. Of course, not by such “draconian” methods as some hotheads propose - to jail everyone. Can you imagine how many people this is? The prisons are already filled to capacity. This is the first.
Second. In Soviet times, there was no such trade turnover and there was no such catastrophic situation in the economy as there is now. Smuggling is a “litmus test”, a certain indicator of the state of the economy in the state.
Returning to the history of this issue, were there units similar to modern SOBR units before? I will answer that there were.
In connection with the increase in attempts to secretly transport goods past customs, according to the Decree of the Great Sovereign of July 11, 1698, military patrols of thirty to forty archers were introduced in the vicinity of Verkhoturye.
The same measures were taken in other regions of the Russian state. The same tasks that were assigned to the archers of the late seventeenth century are prescribed to modern Sobrov officers of the customs service.
If we talk about taxpayers' money wasted on such services, as some people say. Even in tsarist times, they recognized the fact that the growth of professionalism of smugglers, their close connection with the commercial and industrial world required certain costs to combat them, which were justified.
So, according to official data, every ruble invested in a customs officer brings real income to the state of more than nine thousand rubles. This is despite the fact that the customs officer is dressed in uniform, paid a salary and is not socially deprived of customs officers; of course, these costs are less than in the USA or Argentina. And, probably, every customs officer has spoken about what he lacks or lacks. Despite everything, it does its job.
Dmitry Sukharev believes that search (operational search activity) and probably inquiry is not the job of customs officers. That's probably true. Perhaps he's right. But Russian legislation assumes functions for the customs service that are determined by the present moment and historical continuity. Even by the Personal Decrees of the Tsars of the Russian Empire, customs officers and border guards were supposed to search for persons involved in smuggling, then detain them and bring them to trial. Which is also normal now.
If Dmitry Sukharev and those with him believe that all customs officers should be imprisoned and law enforcement functions removed, so be it. But who will carry out the control functions of customs officers? Who will monitor activities commercial organizations in customs affairs, in foreign economic activity? Who will fight smuggling? Police? FSB? Or, as Sergei Zhukov 2 suggests, should bailiffs do this? Let them make changes to the legislation and reform the services in accordance with this. Dmitry Sukhorev is only capable of putting everyone in prison, but does not offer anything constructive in return.
What are Sobrov officers doing at the border?
I answer. Smugglers are caught at the border. Is it their business? Bye them. This was how it was hundreds of years before the Sobrovites. But then this was done by military units of Streltsy, Cossacks and then by special customs horse patrols. This was also the case under Soviet rule until the sixties. The only difference is in the name, technical and material equipment. But the tactics have not changed fundamentally.
Is it the job of customs officers to search for smugglers?
Even Peter 1 in 1702 established fiscal officials in the customs, engaged in the search for persons involved in smuggling.
Dmitry Sukhorev and others like him do not accept this, since the former Sobrov member is a priori stupider than them, which really touches them. But that's not the main thing. What does it matter to me if someone thinks they are smarter than me? Absolutely nothing. Moreover, customs officers are despised. Although, they don’t know a lot, a lot. Despite the fact that not all customs officers are scoundrels, they cannot all be bastards. Just like not all policemen are like former police major Evsyukov, who killed several people in a drunken shop. Not everyone is like those policemen who in the village of Kushchevskaya, Krasnodar Territory, covered up the crimes of bandits and themselves became swindlers. Everyone can't be assholes. But they are probably everywhere and have been at all times.
October 25 is the Day of the Customs Officer of the Russian Federation. It was established by decree of the President of the Russian Federation of August 4, 1995 “On the establishment of Customs Officer Day of the Russian Federation.”
The Federal Customs Service is an authorized federal executive body that, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, carries out the functions of developing state policy and normative legal regulation, control and supervision in the field of customs, as well as the functions of a currency control agent and special functions to combat smuggling, other crimes and administrative offenses.
The Russian customs service is one of the largest in the world. The structure of the Federal Customs Service of Russia includes 8 regional and 4 specialized customs departments, 96 customs offices, 538 customs posts.
The Federal Customs Service of Russia has its representatives in 17 countries of the near and far abroad.
In 2011 Customs, exceeding the results of 2010 by 39%, and the plan - by 3.5%.
Over the nine months of 2012 (January-September), the Federal Customs Service increased transfers to the federal budget by 13.6% compared to the same period last year to 4.726 trillion rubles.
The customs authorities of the Russian Federation are in the stage of active institutional development, which occurs taking into account Russia’s entry into the World trade organization(WTO), changes in the volume of passenger and goods flows, increasing the intensity of foreign economic activity of the country's regions, growing needs of transport organizations, exporters and importers.
The Federal Customs Service of Russia plays a significant role in the development of economic integration of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan. On July 1, 2011, customs control at the internal borders of the countries of the Customs Union was finally lifted.
The material was prepared based on information from RIA Novosti and open sources
