Rules for acceptance of military vehicles. Operation and repair of military vehicles
Teacher: Gasyuk Dmitry Petrovich - Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, leading specialist in the field of quality management, development theoretical foundations standardization and methodological foundations of certification, expert of higher education qualification category certification system "Military Register", expert of the certification system "GOST R".
1 day:“Regulatory framework for organizing and conducting technical maintenance and repair of weapons and military equipment.”
— The place and role of maintenance (MRO) and repairs in the weapon operation system. Basic terms and definitions in accordance with GOST 18322-2016 and R 50-605-80-93.
— Types of maintenance and repair of weapons and military equipment. Goals, objectives and content of types of maintenance and repair. Possibility and feasibility of repairs. Maintenance and repair system. Repair methods.
— Normative base regulating the procedure and content of maintenance and repair work. Sets of standards ESKD, ESTD, ESTPP, SRPP VT, systems for maintenance and repair of equipment and their content in the context of setting requirements and ensuring the maintainability of weapons and military equipment in the process of their creation and putting into production.
— Design preparation for maintenance and repair. Determination of the maintainability of the product design in accordance with the requirements of GOST 27.002-2015. Main indicators of product manufacturability during maintenance and repair and their content. Quantitative assessment of the manufacturability of the product design in accordance with the requirements of GOST 23660-79. Rules for ensuring product maintainability at the stages of developing design and repair documentation. The procedure for developing a program to ensure the maintainability of a product during its creation in accordance with the requirements of GOST 23660-79.
— Development of “technological rationality” of product design. Technological unification and standardization. Typification of technological processes. Aggregation and standardization of equipment. Manufacturability. Operational manufacturability.
Day 2:“Content of work on organizing and carrying out maintenance and repair of weapons and military equipment. Repair documentation."
— Preparation and development of repair production in accordance with the requirements of R 50-601-4-89.
— Organization of technological preparation for maintenance and repair (TP, maintenance and repair). Verification and debugging of the designed technology and manufactured technological equipment. Rationing the consumption of materials and labor costs. Certification of workplaces and personnel for compliance with the repair process. Criteria for completion of repair preparation.
— Structure and organization production process repair. Stages of the repair process. The procedure for submitting equipment for repair and accepting it from repair in accordance with the requirements of R 50-609-30-87.
— Metrological support for maintenance and repair.
— Documentation of the process of technical maintenance and repair. Stages of RD development in accordance with the requirements of GOST RV 2.902-2005. Types and completeness of repair documentation in accordance with the requirements of GOST 2.602-2013. Requirements of a set of ESKD standards for the preparation of repair documentation. Rules for performing work on the development of repair documentation in accordance with the requirements of GOST RV 0015-601-2008. Stages of RD development. Features of standard control of repair documentation in accordance with the requirements of GOST 2.111-2013 and GOST 3.1116-2011. Features of repair documentation performed in the system electronic document management in accordance with GOST 2.051-2013.
— Technical quality control of weapons and military equipment repairs. Process design technical control in accordance with the requirements of R 50-609-40-01. Rules for preparing technical control documentation. Rules for selecting technical control means. Control of technological discipline in accordance with the requirements of R 50-609-48-88. Assessment of the quality of repaired products in accordance with the requirements of GOST 20831-75.
— Optimization of TP, maintenance and repair. Technical and economic analysis and justification for the choice of resource-saving technological process repair of weapons and military equipment. Organizational and economic ways to reduce time for TP, maintenance and repair.
— Features of placing defense products (DP) for repairs in accordance with the requirements of GOST RV 15.301-2003. Requirements for TP TO and ROP in accordance with the provisions of GOST RV 0015-002-2012.
The manual outlines the purpose, composition, performance characteristics, design and operation of the 9K38 “Igla” MANPADS, the procedure for carrying out maintenance and current repairs of the complex elements in military units, general information about the operation of weapons and military equipment, as well as the procedure for the platoon commander in preparing and conducting training with personnel.
Intended for students of technical faculties undergoing military training in the military specialty "Combat use of units armed with portable anti-aircraft guns" missile systems short range."
2. OPERATION OF MANPADS
Sections of this page:
2. OPERATION OF MANPADS
2.1. General information about the operation of weapons and military equipment in military units
In improving the Armed Forces, a decisive role is played by equipping them the latest designs weapons, further development of methods of combat use and organization of operation of modern weapons and equipment.
Definition and content of exploitation. Organization of operation
Operation of weapons and military equipment (WME) in military units - stage life cycle samples of weapons from the moment they were accepted by the military unit from the manufacturer or repair facility.
As a rule, the life cycle of weapons includes: intended use for combat and training purposes, Maintenance, storage, transportation and repair.
The use of weapons means their use for combat and training purposes in compliance with the norms, rules and regimes established by the operational documentation that ensure their normal operation.
Under technical maintenance is understood as a set of works to maintain the serviceability or only the functionality of the product during preparation for use and use for its intended purpose, during storage and transportation.
Under storage refers to the maintenance of serviceable samples of weapons and military equipment not used for their intended purpose in places specially designated for their placement in a given condition, ensuring their safety for a specified period.
Transportation- this is one of the stages of operation of arms and military equipment, which includes preparation and transportation or movement under specified conditions using transport or towing equipment while ensuring the safety of their technical condition and completeness. Self-propulsion is not transportation, but a stage of intended use. Arms and equipment can be transported by rail, water, air, by car.
Under repairs refers to a set of operations to restore the serviceability or performance of weapons and military equipment and restore the resources of samples or their components.
Under savings refers to a set of measures to maintain weapons and missiles in good condition and ensure their safety. Savings are ensured by the timeliness, completeness and quality of inspections, technical equipment and repair, proper storage of weapons, as well as timely replenishment of spare parts and materials.
Only combat-ready weapons are allowed to be used for their intended purpose if they perform their work within the parameters established by the documentation for the model.
Combat-ready sample - an operational model of weapons and military equipment that has the necessary reserve life, brought to its original position or condition established by the operational documentation (ED) and prepared to perform the assigned combat mission.
Organization of operation - this is an ordered structure of interconnected bodies, means and methods of operating a variety of weapons and military equipment facilities, the management of which is expressed in the planning of operational and technical activities, their implementation, control and adoption of new decisions.
Properly organized operation of weapons is the main condition that determines the reliability of their operation and service life.
Organization of the operation of weapons in a military unit includes:
1. Planning the operation of weapons.
2. Admission of personnel to operation, acceptance and commissioning of weapons.
3. Accounting for the operation of weapons and maintaining electronic documentation.
4. Monitoring the technical condition and operation of weapons.
7. Carrying out modifications to weapons.
8. Carrying out maintenance and repair of weapons.
10. Transportation and operation of weapons.
11. Generalization of best practices in the operation of weapons and their introduction into military practice.
The operation of weapons in peacetime is organized in accordance with combat training plans, annual resource consumption standards, overhaul periods and is carried out in accordance with the operation plan.
The deputy unit commander for weapons is responsible for organizing the operation of weapons in the unit. The operation of missile and artillery weapons is organized by the RAV service. In units, all commanders and superiors in whose charge they are are fully responsible for organizing the operation of weapons and maintaining them in good condition.
Planning the operation of equipment and weapons
general characteristics operation planning.
In peacetime, the main goals of planning the operation and repair of weapons and military equipment are:
Ensuring the combat readiness of the unit (formation);
Implementation of plans for combat and mobilization readiness of troops;
Execution of activities economic activity;
Rational and economical use of weapons and military equipment, fuels and lubricants;
Ensuring the gradual consumption of weapons and military equipment resources and their release for scheduled repairs;
Timely implementation of technical maintenance and repair (MRO) of weapons and military equipment.
The operation of weapons and military equipment is planned according to the relevant principles, the essence of which is:
Taking into account the peculiarities of the organizational structure of units (formations) and the nature of the use of weapons and military equipment to solve combat training tasks;
Development of documents planning the daily activities of a unit (compound) based on the nature of the tasks to be solved for a certain time (i.e., drawing up long-term, annual and monthly operation plans);
Using planning data to make decisions practical problems operation to ensure the reliability and combat readiness of weapons and military equipment, control the movement of weapons and military equipment between operational groups on the scale of a unit (formation) and between units of a military district, taking into account the developments of weapons and military equipment and their technical condition.
Planning for the operation of weapons and military equipment consists of the advance development of measures for the preparation, provision and implementation of the operation of weapons and military equipment, indicating the deadlines for the implementation of these activities, the performers and persons responsible for organizing and monitoring their implementation.
Long-term planning is divided into promising(five years or more), current(one year) and operational(for a limited period in some cases, and in wartime - for a battle or operation).
Plans are drawn up at the appropriate levels: unit, formation, association (army), district, main (central) governing bodies of the Ministry of Defense.
The development of plans is based on the following provisions:
Use of guidelines and regulatory documents;
Use of forms and registration data for weapons and military equipment;
The use of existing plans that differ in purpose from those being developed, but are related to them (for example, for the development current plans a long-term plan is used);
The use of techniques based on heuristic approaches, analytical calculations, or a combination of heuristic approaches and calculations.
When planning the operation of weapons and military equipment, they use the appropriate manuals, orders (on the organization of maintenance, supervision, repair, storage, transportation, on the consumption of resources, standardization of labor costs for maintenance and repair), instructions for the operation of weapons and military equipment samples.
Planning for the operation of weapons and military equipment includes the following stages:
1) determining the need for resources to implement the combat training plan;
2) resource distribution by months and periods of training;
3) planning the main organizational and technical activities carried out at weapons and military equipment in order to maintain it in constant combat readiness;
4) preparation of plans.
The need for resources is determined by the unit headquarters together with the chiefs of services to carry out the following activities: conducting exercises, organizing technical and special training, maintenance and repair, performing combat duty, supporting economic activities.
Distribution of resources by months of operation is carried out in accordance with the timing of the above activities included in the Combat Training Plan.
The main organizational and technical measures planned and included in documents on organizing the operation of weapons and military equipment include:
1. Maintenance:
Maintenance No. 1 and No. 2 (TO-1, TO-2);
Maintenance No. 1 and No. 2 during storage (TO-1X, TO-2X);
Seasonal maintenance (SeO);
Repair and maintenance service (RTO);
Control and technical inspection of weapons and military equipment in long-term storage (KTO VVT DH).
2. Scheduled repairs:
Medium repair (SR);
Overhaul (CR);
Regulated repair (RR).
3. Technical inspection of energy and state technical supervision facilities.
4. Verification of measuring instruments.
5. Checking lightning protection.
6. Testing of protective equipment.
7. Decommissioning of weapons and military equipment.
8. Planning of equipment for repair bodies and logistics support (MTO) for operation.
The planning procedure, scope of work and frequency of organizational and technical activities are established by normative and technical documentation (NTD).
In wartime, the combat readiness of arms and military equipment in units (formations) is ensured and maintained in accordance with the maintenance plan, which is developed for periods of direct combat operations. Operation of arms and military equipment (consumption of technical resources of arms and military equipment, maintenance and repair) is reflected in a special section of this plan. For other periods (reformation, rest), operational plans for the operation of weapons and military equipment are developed.
In general, the plans for the operation of weapons and military equipment of a unit (formation) include two groups of activities: 1 - mandatory operational and technical activities and 2 - activities related directly to combat training.
Events first groups correspond to control, restoration of weapons and military equipment and prevention of failures, therefore they include maintenance, repairs, and verifications with supervisory authorities. The indicators of these activities are determined by regulatory operational documents.
Events second groups include conducting exercises, firing, conducting special tactical exercises and training. To implement these measures, it is necessary to plan the use of weapons and military equipment, and, consequently, the consumption of their resources.
Guiding documents on the operation of equipment and weapons
Important place in proper organization and fulfillment of requirements for the operation of weapons and military equipment is occupied by documentation. It must contain the information necessary to study the design of weapons and military equipment, the rules of their operation when used for their intended purpose (combat use), maintenance, routine repairs, storage and transportation by all types of transport.
Information on these issues should take into account all stages of operation of weapons and equipment from the moment they are manufactured by industry until they are subject to major repairs or until they are completely worn out.
In part (connection), in the process of planning the operation of weapons and military equipment and its repair, the following planning documents are developed:
1. Operational documents (ED) are intended to study the product and the rules of its operation.
The ED nomenclature for specific types of weapons and equipment intended for self-training is agreed with the customer.
Part mandatory operational documents for a weapon model in accordance with GOST 2.601.68 include:
Technical description (TO);
Operating Instructions (IE);
Form or passport;
Spare Parts Sheets;
List of operational documents (ED).
For a complex system such as an air defense missile system, the following are additionally being developed:
General technical description (TO) of the entire system;
General instructions operation manual (IE);
System maintenance instructions;
Consolidated statement ED on the system.
2. Repair documents - these are working design documents intended for the preparation of repair production, repair and control of the product after repair.
The repair documentation kit should include:
General repair manual;
Medium Repair Guide;
Catalog of parts and prefabricated units;
Spare parts consumption standards;
Material consumption standards;
Additional operational documentation.
The additional ED includes a number of documents recommending ways to quickly eliminate failures and malfunctions, containing mainly information on the design and operating rules of single samples.
3. Official (departmental) documents . They clarify the specifics of the operation of weapons and military equipment of the RF Ministry of Defense, and provide instructions and recommendations on issues. These documents can be: charters, manuals, manuals, rules, regulations, instructions, orders, directives, recommendations, etc.
As an example, we can list the following orders of the RF Ministry of Defense concerning the procedure for operating weapons and military equipment, without indicating the order number and date, since they change:
On the introduction into force of standards for military reserves of missile defense systems in formations and units of air defense forces;
How to use automotive technology;
Implementation of manuals on technical support in operations (army, navy);
Putting into operation, operation of BT for peacetime;
Implementation of guidelines for organizing comprehensive maintenance and repair of weapons and equipment;
Introducing resource standards and service life between overhauls for RAVs up to medium and major overhauls;
The procedure for inspecting troops and naval forces;
Introduction of guidelines for checking and assessing the state of weapons and military equipment in the RF Armed Forces;
Orders for provision of spare parts and accessories.
Note. Documentation for operation and repair can be statutory, administrative, operational, repair, planning, accounting and reporting, etc.
Weapons and equipment maintenance system
Under system Maintenance should be understood as a set of interconnected forces and means, maintenance documentation necessary to maintain and restore the quality of weapons and equipment included in this system.
By forces Maintenance personnel are crew members, as well as personnel of maintenance and repair units involved in planning, organizing, conducting and monitoring maintenance work on weapons and military equipment during their operation.
By means Maintenance includes spare parts and accessories, materials, equipment and fittings for mobile and stationary workshops.
Documentation are orders, directives, manuals, instructions that define the basic provisions for organizing and carrying out maintenance work on weapons and military equipment. The documentation determines the types of maintenance, the scope of work performed during these types, and the frequency of their implementation.
Maintenance of weapons and military equipment is a set of works to maintain the serviceability or performance of a sample of weapons and military equipment during preparation and use for its intended purpose, during storage and transportation.
Maintenance strategy is a system of rules for managing the technical condition of weapons and military equipment during the maintenance process.
A maintenance program is a document that establishes strategies, quantitative characteristics of types of weapons and military equipment maintenance, and the procedure for their adjustment throughout the resource (service life).
The main objectives of the weapons and military equipment maintenance system are:
Prevention of degradation processes occurring in weapons and military equipment;
Assessment of the state of weapons and military equipment;
Maintaining weapons and military equipment in readiness for intended use;
Determining the need for weapons and military equipment for maintenance and its timely implementation;
Minimizing the costs of operating weapons and military equipment.
The tasks of the maintenance system determine the implementation of special events, which include the following operations: auxiliary, control and testing, adjustment and adjustment, preventive.
Auxiliary operations are intended to prepare weapons and military equipment, tools, control and measuring equipment (KIA) and the workplace for the main activities, as well as to bring a sample of weapons and military equipment to its original state after all work has been completed.
Control checks The work consists of measuring and monitoring the technical parameters of weapons and military equipment and their operating modes to determine readiness for use, as well as determining the need for its configuration, adjustment and repair.
Adjustment and adjustment The work is intended to bring the parameters of the sample weapons and military equipment, its individual blocks (assemblies, systems) to the value specified by the ED. They are carried out based on the results of control and verification work without changing the elements of the circuit and design of the sample.
Preventive work is carried out with the aim of increasing the reliability of the sample during the period of operation. This is achieved by predicting failures, as well as carrying out lubrication, fastening, and maintenance work.
In general, depending on the principle of assigning deadlines, maintenance can be divided into the following types: according to operating hours, according to calendar dates, with control of the reliability level, with control of parameters, in special cases.
Maintenance of military equipment consists of checking the completeness and serviceability of the technical condition, cleaning, lubricating and refilling with operating materials, setting up, adjusting and eliminating identified faults. In combat conditions, all types of maintenance are used.
For equipment and weapons of military air defense units and units, adopted scheduled maintenance system, at which, depending on intended purpose samples of weapons and military equipment, the nature and operating conditions, the timing of their maintenance is established taking into account the operating time or calendar period.
There are three maintenance principles for the preventive maintenance system: scheduled, calendar, combined.
1. Under the regulatory principle It is envisaged that maintenance will be carried out after the weapon has reached a certain part of its assigned service life, regardless of the period of time during which this operating time will occur. Operating time can be measured in hours of operation, kilometers traveled, in the number of loadings, refuelings, shots, starts, etc.
This principle is used when working in difficult conditions, for devices that operate for a long time without interruption. The advantages of this type of maintenance are the relative simplicity of its design, planning and the absence of the need to develop special diagnostic algorithms. The disadvantage of such a maintenance system is that it complicates maintenance planning, since it is often difficult to pre-determine the moment when the weapon reaches its assigned resource.
This principle is implemented, for example, after a certain mileage of automobile or tracked vehicles.
2. With the calendar maintenance principle carried out at strictly defined intervals (daily, weekly, monthly, semi-annual, annual maintenance) without taking into account the operating time of weapons.
Most often, according to the calendar principle, maintenance is carried out on weapons when they are stored (the systems are not functioning) or when the intensity of wear depends mainly on the duration of storage and waiting (the dependence on operating time is small). In other words, the calendar principle does not take into account the intensity of the use of weapons and military equipment, but planning becomes very simple. For example, monthly routine maintenance on the rocket.
So the difference between regulatory And calendar principles is on what time (on operating time or calendar) the reliability characteristic depends.
3. Combined principle assigning maintenance dates is used for weapons and military equipment, the wear of which occurs both during operation and during storage, awaiting use. Such a maintenance system, to a certain extent, is devoid of the disadvantages of the first two, and is a combination of them. According to this principle, maintenance in service is carried out within established calendar periods and, in addition, when a certain part of the resource is exhausted.
In order to improve the quality indicators of the technical condition of weapons and military equipment throughout its life cycle while simultaneously reducing operating costs, maintenance with periodic monitoring is being introduced into the existing preventive maintenance system.
In connection with the introduction of maintenance with periodic monitoring, the following types of monitoring of the technical condition of weapons and military equipment are being introduced: control inspection (CI), control and technical inspection (KTO), technical diagnostics (TD), instrumental defect detection of units, components and parts during the repair of a sample of weapons and military equipment.
Control inspection is a set of operations carried out by the driver or the entire crew in order to determine the degree of readiness of the sample for its intended use.
Control and technical inspection is a set of operations carried out by officials of divisions and units in order to determine the technical condition of a sample of weapons and military equipment, as well as the volume of maintenance and repair according to the technical condition.
Technical diagnostics is a set of operations carried out by specialists of the repair department, a comprehensive technical commission of the unit in order to determine the technical condition of a sample of weapons and military equipment, as well as types of maintenance and repair, the moment of their start and location.
Instrumental defects units, components and parts is carried out in order to determine the actual values of indicators, qualitative characteristics characterizing the technical condition of units, units and parts, and compare them with the requirements of normative and technical documentation (NTD) in order to assess the technical condition and residual life.
Types, frequency and volume of weapons and military equipment maintenance
The main types of technical maintenance of weapons and military equipment are:
By stages of operation: maintenance during use, maintenance during storage, maintenance during transportation;
Implementation regulations: maintenance with periodic monitoring, routine maintenance (RTO);
Frequency and scope: daily (ETO), TO-1, TO-2, TO-1x, TO-2x, TO-2x with re-preservation and control run;
Operating conditions: CEO, maintenance in special conditions. Types of technical maintenance of weapons and military equipment, characteristics of types of monitoring the technical condition of weapons and military equipment and weapons and military equipment maintenance systems are given in the appendix. 1 and 2.
The frequency of types of maintenance of weapons and military equipment (except for weapons and chemical warfare equipment, arms and military equipment of the engineering troops, and rear equipment) is determined by the frequency of maintenance and repair of the main components of the equipment.
The frequency of maintenance of samples and means of NBC protection, equipment and weapons of engineering troops and logistics equipment is determined by the frequency of maintenance and repair of automobile and armored weapons mobility.
For samples of weapons and military equipment mounted on vehicle trailers, the frequency of maintenance is determined by the frequency of maintenance of the main component.
Planning and organization of weapons and military equipment maintenance
Maintenance of weapons and military equipment is organized by the deputy unit commander for armaments (ZKV). Orders of the unit commander and deputy commander for armaments on the organization of weapons and military equipment maintenance are mandatory for lower-level commanders and heads of unit services.
Responsibility for organizing comprehensive maintenance of weapons and military equipment rests with the commander of the military unit, the military commander, service chiefs, and unit commanders.
The need for weapons and military equipment maintenance is planned based on annual resource consumption standards, storage periods, established maintenance frequency, combat and mobilization training plans, as well as based on the results of monitoring the technical condition of weapons and military equipment samples and their components.
Control inspection and technical maintenance of weapons and military equipment are not planned. KTO, technical diagnostics (TD), TO-1, TO-1x, TO-2, TO-2x, maintenance No. 2x with re-preservation and control mileage, CEO, RTO of weapons and military equipment in peacetime are planned .
Maintenance with periodic monitoring of weapons and military equipment in the unit is organized and carried out in accordance with the annual plan for monitoring the technical condition, the monthly plan for carrying out technical maintenance and technical inspection, developed by the deputy commander of the unit for weapons.
The frequency of carrying out CTO and TD VVT is indicated in the appendix. 1, while the list of operations by type of technical condition control is determined by the general customer in the scientific and technical documentation.
Simultaneously with the CTO and TD, maintenance is carried out with periodic monitoring. The scope of maintenance is determined based on the results of monitoring the technical condition of the weapons and military equipment sample.
Numbered maintenance, seasonal and regulated maintenance are reflected by service chiefs in operation and repair plans in accordance with the established frequency and volume of their implementation and are combined in time and place with the next maintenance or technical maintenance. At the same time, the scope of their implementation can be clarified based on the results of monitoring the technical condition of weapons and military equipment samples.
In order to comprehensively monitor the technical condition and maintenance of weapons and military equipment, the following planning documents are being developed:
An annual plan for monitoring the technical condition of weapons and military equipment with technical inspection carried out by specialists from the repair department and the unit’s comprehensive technical commission;
Monthly plan of CTO and TD VVT;
Monthly task plan for the repair department;
Schedule of maintenance and repair of weapons and military equipment for the repair unit for a month.
The services of the military unit develop long-term, annual and monthly plans for the operation and repair of weapons and military equipment.
As an appendix to the annual plan for monitoring the technical condition of weapons and military equipment, the unit's metrologist develops a schedule for submitting measuring instruments for periodic verification, as well as extracts from the schedules of higher-level metrological services.
Repair system and determination of time between repairs
Timely and high-quality repair of weapons and equipment is one of the main means of maintaining them in constant combat readiness.
Repair is understood as a set of operations to restore the serviceability or performance of equipment and weapons and restore the resources of samples or their components.
The system of maintenance and repair of weapons and military equipment in the RF Armed Forces establishes the following types of repairs:
Current repairs (TR);
Medium repair (SR);
Overhaul (CR).
Maintenance carried out in order to ensure or restore the operability of a sample of weapons and military equipment that has failed due to limited technical reliability or minor damage, by replacing or restoring individual parts. It is carried out by personnel of the maintenance and repair units of the unit (formation) with the involvement of crews and mobile repair teams.
Medium renovation carried out in order to restore operability or serviceability and partially the resource by repairing or replacing components of a limited range. In peacetime it is carried out on repair companies military district, center.
In wartime, complex SR is carried out in the repair departments (RO) of the army (front); a specialized SR for SPV (and in the presence of spare parts and specialists for RAV) - in the RO of the connection. In the RO parts, individual SR operations can be performed when supplying components that require replacement and involving specialists from a higher repair body. It is carried out after the established operating time has expired or after receiving moderate combat damage. With SR, the sample resource is restored by 40–60%;
Major renovation carried out for the purpose recovery serviceability and service life close to full, after the established operating time or when receiving severe combat damage. Both in peacetime and in wartime, it is carried out at repair enterprises of the military district, center or industrial plants. During CR, any components, including basic ones, are replaced or restored. As a result of the CR, the service life of arms and military equipment is restored by 90–95%.
The period (resource, operating time) during operation of a sample of weapons and military equipment between two scheduled repairs of the same type is called between repairs. This period (operating time) before or between SR or KR is determined for a specific sample of weapons and military equipment.
Depending on the operating conditions, the number of previously carried out repairs, the nominal basic values of the overhaul life R mr b are adjusted by multiplying it by a coefficient K: R mr = R mr b? K.
For RAV K = K1?K2.
Coefficient K1 takes into account changes in service life and service life before repair depending on climatic conditions (temperature and air humidity) when operating RAV samples in various climatic zones and areas of military districts. Values K1 for various climatic zones are given in table. 27.
Table 27
Coefficient values K1 for different climate zones
Weighted average coefficient K1 for the climatic zones in which the RAV was operated is determined by the formula:
K 1 = K1 1 ?t 1 + K1 2 ?t2 +…+ Kn?tn / t 1 + t 2 +…+tn,
Where K1 1, K1 2, …, K1n- the value of the coefficients for the climatic zones in which the RAV was operated; t 1, t 2, …, tn- duration of operation of the RAV in the relevant climatic zones.
Coefficient K2, which takes into account the change in service life before repair depending on the storage conditions of RAV samples, is in the range of 0.8–1.0. Weighted average of odds K2 is defined similarly K1.
Numerical value of coefficients K1 And K2 is recorded in the sample form in the “Special Notes” section.
The adjustment of the overhaul period (resource) for vehicles is determined by the coefficient K = K1? K2? K3, Where K1- the coefficient taking into account the natural climatic zone is in the range of 0.7–1.0; K2 takes into account road operating conditions, the value is in the range of 0.6–1.0; K3 takes into account the type of machines and the nature of their use. Its values are in the range of 0.6–1.0.
Values K1, K2, K3 for automotive vehicles (AT) are established by the head of the district (army) automobile service for each formation and unit and are recorded in the form in the “Special Notes” section.
Basic values of between-repair resources (terms) for AT and armored weapons and equipment (ATV) are determined by governing documents. Adjustment factors for armored vehicles are not established.
Determining the type of repair
By species repairs can be: at the venue; by volume of restoration work; according to the degree of impact on the sample; according to the principles of conducting.
By venue repairs are divided into military And factory.
Military is called the repair of weapons and military equipment in the places where a military unit is located or based by the forces and means of operating units or teams of repair enterprises (industrial plants).
Factory is called a repair carried out at repair plants or manufacturing plants; upon transfer there, the sample is removed from service.
By volume of restoration work repair of weapons and military equipment is divided into specialized And complex.
Under specialized refers to the repair of a sample of weapons and military equipment, carried out according to individual nomenclatures of its components.
Comprehensive is called a repair carried out according to all nomenclatures of the component parts of the sample, combined by the place and time of its implementation.
By principles of conducting allocate regulated repair and repair according to technical condition.
Regulated are called planned repairs, carried out at intervals and in the volume established by the ED, regardless of the technical condition of the weapons and military equipment sample at the time of the start of repairs.
Repair according to technical condition- this is a repair in which monitoring of the technical condition is carried out at intervals and to the extent established in the normative and technical documentation, and the scope of monitoring and the moment when repairs begin are determined by the technical condition of the sample of weapons and military equipment.
Maintenance methods
During routine repairs of weapons and military equipment, the following methods are used:
Replacement of a non-repairable element;
Replacement of an element with its subsequent restoration;
Connecting a backup element;
Carrying out preventative maintenance.
1. The first repair method is used in case of failure of non-repairable elements: squibs, connecting elements, seals, electric lamps, etc. Repair consists of replacing the failed element with a serviceable one from a single or group of spare parts.
Single electric lamps, piston rings, etc. are not optimal non-recoverable elements in terms of volume and composition, since a lot of time is spent on finding and eliminating their malfunctions and troubleshooting is only available to service personnel highly qualified.
Replacing a unit or block is more economical than restoring it, so advanced equipment is designed in a modular design; built-in module failure indicators almost eliminate the need for highly qualified personnel. However, the use of a modular design involves the inclusion of individual elements as matching elements of the circuit. Therefore, maintenance personnel must know the signs of malfunctions and how to detect them.
2. Repair by replacement and subsequent restoration of an element (aggregate replacement method) is carried out to increase the readiness of weapons and military equipment. In this case, modules, blocks and assemblies are used as restored elements. This repair method, compared to the first, provides a significant reduction in the time of inactivity of weapons and military equipment (repair time), and therefore increases the availability factor ( Kg) equipment: Kg = To / (To + Tv), Where That- uptime; TV- recovery time.
Repair time is reduced by simplifying the search for the faulty part (element), as well as by reducing replacement time. The limitation of this method is the increase in the cost of spare parts components due to the large number of expensive spare blocks, modules, and assemblies. The increase in cost must be compensated by the gain in the degree of readiness of the equipment for use.
3. Repair by connecting a backup element is a type of repair without disconnecting the equipment. The spare element is installed in advance. If the main element fails, its functions are performed by a spare one.
The actual troubleshooting work on the main element is delayed until some point in the future. As in the second case, the use of this method is associated with high economic costs. In addition, this repair method is accompanied by an increase in the complexity of the device circuit, as well as a complication of control due to the need to check backup circuits.
4. The preventive maintenance method is a type of routine maintenance. It consists of replacing a serviceable element with another element from the spare parts set based on data predicting its failure. This method is applicable only for elements with preventable failures. Preventable failures include all gradual failures, as well as some sudden failures, the law of distribution of failure-free operation time of which is a function of the operating time of the element in the presence of the latter. Justified preventive replacement of an element requires knowledge of the laws of distribution of the time of their failure-free operation.
Under category is understood as a conditional accounting characteristic of a sample of military equipment or property, established depending on its technical condition, the supply of technical resources and the need for one or another repair.
When receiving weapons by military units;
Upon expiration of the maximum standard service life, warranty life or exhaustion of the technical life;
In case of premature failure of weapons, as well as in case of combat damage;
When carrying out TO-2 or KO of weapons for current supply and long-term storage;
After medium and major repairs.
The compliance of the established category of weapons with its technical condition is checked by inspectors, the unit commander, the military commander, and the head of the PAB service during inspections and checks of the technical condition.
Officials who have the right to approve technical condition reports for the transfer of weapons to the 5th category are allowed to transfer weapons of the 5th category to training ones with the necessary repairs or modifications.
Armament after SR or CR translated into 2nd category. The technical condition report is approved by the head of the repair department after repairs have been carried out and the weapon has been checked for compliance with its technical conditions for repairs.
After the exhaustion of technical resources (service life), weapons in satisfactory technical condition are not relegated to a lower category; their service life is extended by one year or one annual rate of resource consumption, depending on their technical condition and the feasibility of further use for their intended purpose on the basis of reports on the technical condition of weapons established by the Accounting Manual. Subsequent determination of the service life or resource before write-off must be done every year.
Weapons that require repairs, but have not reached the specified level technical resource(service life) is transferred to a lower category based on the technical condition certificate. The technical condition of the weapon sample is checked by a commission appointed by order of the commander of the unit (formation), consisting of representatives of the services in charge of the components of the RAV, chaired by the ZKV.
In case of premature repair of weapons, an administrative investigation is carried out. Investigation materials indicating the reasons for the damage material damage, the guilty persons and the measures taken against them, as well as the resolution on the withdrawal of the sample for early repair are attached to the technical condition report.
Weapons that are subject to ongoing repairs at repair departments of units and formations are not relegated to a lower category.
The absence or malfunction of spare parts, as well as components (sights, panoramas, cases, backpacks, covers, etc.) does not serve as a basis for transferring weapons to a lower category, but characterizes its state of completeness.
The special part of the ground equipment of air defense systems and radar equipment includes: radio stations, SNR, RPK, PU, SOU, PZU, ZU, ZSU, combat vehicles, points and complexes of automated control systems, KIPS, KPM, TZM, TM, trolleys, truck cranes, oxidizer tankers, fuel and air, UKS, spare parts, training equipment.
A new model is understood as a weapon model that has not previously been used or is in storage and has not been used for its intended purpose.
2nd category- serviceable and fit for combat use, which has expired the guaranteed service life (storage), is in use and has been in operation, has not reached the technical resource (service life) before the SR or KR, as well as having passed the SR or KR.
5th category- unsuitable for combat use, the restoration of which is technically impossible or economically impractical (the cost of the CD exceeds 70% of the cost of a new product), upon reaching the limit state, the maximum or maximum standard service life established in the technical documentation.
Anti-aircraft guided missiles according to their technical condition are divided into three categories:
TO first categories include missile defense systems and their components suitable for combat use and long-term storage (including those with restrictions on combat use), without defects or with defects that do not require shop repairs and do not interfere with combat use (including those subject to “refreshment” by decision of the GRAU). SAMs, their components and spare parts, in addition, must have unexpired warranty periods of storage or unexpired technical expiration dates.
Co. second categories include missiles that require shop repairs (at arsenals, bases and district warehouses), replacement of individual elements, elimination of defects that appeared during service operation, sorting, as well as missiles, their elements and spare parts with expired warranty and unidentified(or expired) technical expiration dates.
TO third categories include missiles that are unsuitable for combat use, subject to repair at industrial plants (conversion, restoration), prohibited by decisions of the State Main Administration based on the results of laboratory and field tests, as well as dangerous for combat use, exposed to explosions, fires, as well as automobiles, aircraft - and train accidents.
Technical inspections of missile defense systems and during their storage;
Regulatory work;
Decisions made based on the results of laboratory and field tests;
High-quality accounting and current warranty periods or technical shelf life of missile defense systems and their elements provided for by the ED.
SAMs are transferred to lower categories on the basis of acts that are approved:
a) at central arsenals and bases:
When transferred to the 3rd category - GRAU;
b) in military districts:
When transferring a missile defense system to the 2nd category - by the head of the RAV service of the district with subsequent reporting to the GRAU;
Transferring the missile defense system to the 3rd category - GRAU. Acts on the transfer of missile defense systems to the 3rd category in districts and groups of forces, if necessary, are approved after their inspection on site by a representative of the district.
Categorization is preceded by fault detection Armed and military equipment, the main task of which is to determine the level of technical condition, the nature of wear of parts, assemblies and devices and determine the type of necessary repairs.
Defects are carried out by maintenance personnel, with the involvement, if necessary, of personnel and specialists from weapons and military equipment manufacturing plants from the repair department. The results of defect detection are entered into a special list for each sample of weapons and military equipment.
Activities carried out to determine categories of weapons and military equipment or defect detection are called technical examination .
General information about security measures
“The commander (chief) is obliged to establish necessary measures safety when working with weapons, combat and other equipment and instruments when marching, conducting exercises, live firing, special classes or work, promptly communicate these measures to subordinates and demand their strict implementation.”(From the General Military Regulations of the RF Armed Forces.)
An analysis of injuries in the RF Armed Forces, the causes of accidents with the death of personnel indicates that about 80% of incidents are associated with gross violation established security measures. And there is no excuse for those commanders and superiors whose young guys die in peacetime due to negligence, unpreparedness or other similar reasons.
Safety- absence of unacceptable risk to human life, health and property and environment under normal conditions of its existence.
Security measures- a set of measures to ensure the safety of people and the safety of weapons and military equipment.
In order to prevent death and injury, the occurrence occupational diseases personnel in the troops created safety system for the operation of weapons and military equipment. It includes the following elements: objects increased danger, performers, protective equipment and documentation.
The system of safety measures during the operation of weapons and military equipment must ensure:
Solid knowledge by personnel of the design of weapons, the rules for their safe use, maintenance and repair;
Organization of admission of personnel to the operation of lifting mechanisms, pressure vessels and electrical installations;
Timely communication of safety measures to all personnel and monitoring their implementation during classes, exercises and other work with weapons and military equipment;
Timely registration, verification and certification of high-risk objects and protective equipment;
Correct use by personnel of collective and individual funds protection;
Strict compliance with fire protection measures.
The security system must be comprehensive and complete, covering the entire territory of the military unit and the weapons and military equipment located on it. In addition, the security system must be effective and reliable throughout the entire operation of the weapons and military equipment, must create confidence in the operating personnel in the high combat qualities of the weapons and military equipment and ensure a working environment when using them.
The requirements for the safety system must be met both during the design and manufacture of weapons and military equipment, and during their operation by the troops. Only with a comprehensive solution to security issues can its sufficient effectiveness be achieved.
The system of security measures includes:
1. Timely implementation briefings(introductory, periodic, in the workplace) and bringing them for signature.
2. Study, certification, periodic re-certification of personnel, improvement of their qualifications.
3. Constant monitoring of the progress of work by officials.
4. Ability to master first aid techniques.
To ensure the safe operation of weapons and military equipment, an Instruction on safety measures is established, including:
Safety measures when operating electrical installations;
Safety measures when carrying out work with state technical supervision objects;
Safety measures during loading and unloading operations;
Safety measures when working with explosives;
Safety measures when working with aggressive and toxic liquids;
Safety precautions when carrying out maintenance and repair work, etc.
In addition, this includes safety measures determined by the operating instructions for a specific type of weapon.
When carrying out maintenance and repairs, additional instructions on safety measures for specific workplaces are developed. These instructions include both general provisions and take into account the specifics of work using specific equipment, instruments and tools.
General Safety Instructions typically include:
The procedure for admitting personnel to independent operation;
Work procedure;
The procedure for monitoring compliance with the requirements of the Instructions.
Ensuring security measures
To ensure the safe operation of weapons, by order of the unit commander are appointed:
The person responsible for organizing the operation of the electrical equipment of the unit;
A person supervising the operation of state technical supervision facilities;
Non-staff metrologist of the unit (if not on staff);
The person responsible for the development and implementation of measures to protect personnel and the population from the effects of EMP;
Persons responsible for the good condition and safe operation of pressure vessels; for maintaining lifting machines in good condition; for the safe carrying out of work on the movement of goods;
Persons responsible for organizing and carrying out work with missiles;
Composition of the qualification commission to test knowledge of operating rules and safety requirements;
The composition of the commission for receiving weapons, missiles and ammunition received by the unit;
Composition of the commission to investigate cases of damage to weapons.
When operating weapons and military equipment, it is always necessary to take into account safety issues.
When carrying out work, unit commanders are entrusted with:
Organization of safe work in the workplace;
Timely briefing of personnel on safety measures;
Availability of instructions on safety measures in the workplace.
PROHIBITED carrying out any work without the guidance of officials or work managers, as well as without submitting safety measures to signature and checking their knowledge by personnel.
The commander who gave the order to carry out the work must take into account the complexity, degree of danger of the work, the qualifications and experience of the performer and appoint a leader from among the officers (warrant officers) - weapons specialists.
In accordance with the adopted system of safety measures, personnel who have studied the material part of the weapon, the rules of its operation, safety measures and have passed the test (this is an admission) for the right to work independently are allowed to operate weapons.
Testing personnel's knowledge of security measures is divided into: primary, periodic(next) extraordinary.
Primary, and periodic The following are subject to knowledge testing: personnel involved in the operation of electrical installations, as well as command and engineering personnel organizing their operation (platoon commanders, power engineers of units and formations) - once a year, command and engineering personnel not related to the composition of the previous group, but in charge of electrical installations - once every 3 years. The specified personnel undergo a knowledge test in the unit's qualification commission.
Extraordinary The following are subject to knowledge testing: persons who have committed violations of the Safety Rules during the operation of military electrical installations, job and operational instructions; persons who have had a break in work at this electrical installation for more than 6 months; persons transferred to a new electrical installation; persons at the direction of higher command and the order of the Energonadzor inspector.
At unsatisfactory assessment of knowledge, a re-test can be carried out no earlier than two weeks later.
Persons who showed unsatisfactory knowledge during the third test are allowed to work on electrical installations not allowed and must be transferred to another position not related to the maintenance of electrical installations.
Military personnel who violate safety measures or operating rules during operation are suspended from service. Readmission to independent work in this case, it is carried out on the basis of the results of the commission test by the decision of the unit commander.
Damage to weapons, depending on the circumstances, nature and consequences, is divided into combat, breakdowns, accidents And disasters.
TO combat This includes damage resulting from exposure to enemy weapons, as well as when overcoming obstacles erected by the enemy.
Breakdown damage to the weapons and military equipment is considered, to eliminate which it is necessary to carry out Maintenance without replacement or repair of main units.
Accident- this is an incident that resulted in bodily injury to people (injuries), regardless of the degree of damage to the weapons and military equipment, as well as an incident in which the weapons and military equipment are damaged and are subject to write-off, or restoration of the weapons and military equipment requires repair work or repair, or the replacement of one main unit.
Catastrophe- this is an accident with equipment that resulted in the death of people, regardless of the degree of damage to the machine.
Dead are considered to be those who died within 24 hours from injuries, wounds and poisoning resulting from accidents and crimes.
Incident- this is an event that entailed the infliction of significant material damage or other grave consequences, in the absence of corpus delicti in the actions of military personnel and civilian personnel of the RF Armed Forces. Incidents also include premature ruptures along the trajectory, undershoots (falls) of shells, mines, grenades and rockets, premature derailments of missiles, accidents of gas turbine facilities (explosions of vessels, cylinders, barrels, tanks operating under pressure, destruction, fracture of metal structures of lifting machines, breakage lifting ropes, etc.), as well as accidents.
To find out the causes of the incident, by order of the commander of the formation (unit), a commission, which is conducting an investigation at the scene.
An investigation into the cause and nature of the damage begins immediately upon discovery. The initial investigation is conducted by the company commander.
At the end of the investigation, the unit commander is obliged to organize with the personnel a study of the causes of the incident and ensure that measures are taken to prevent them in the future.
Disasters are being investigated personally by the commander of the unit, accident - by the commission, appointed by the unit commander, breakdown - by the unit commander. The investigation must be completed within three days from the moment the damage is discovered. On weapons and military equipment that have not been used warranty period, if operating rules were not violated, the causes of damage are investigated only after arrival representatives of the manufacturer or repair company.
The results of the investigation into the causes and nature of the accident and catastrophe are documented in an act, and breakdowns are documented in a report.
When drawing up the act, the following information is indicated: date and basis for drawing up the act; composition of the commission indicating positions, military ranks, surnames and initials of the chairman and members of the commission; numbers and dates of the order on her appointment; type, index and model number of weapons and damaged units, components, mechanisms and equipment; data on the operating time of the weapon model from the start of operation or the last CD; category of weapon type; military rank, surname and initials of the platoon commander (head of the squad, head of the crew); number and date of the order to assign this type of weapon to the crew; when, under what conditions and circumstances the damage to the weapon occurred; the nature of the damage to the weapon and the amount of work required to restore it; cause of damage and persons responsible; victims and their condition; conclusions of the commission.
2.2. Operation of MANPADS
2.2.1. Military means
Safety measures when handling military equipment
Handling combat assets includes carrying out maintenance, military repairs, as well as transportation and other work not related to combat work.
In this case, safety measures determine the procedure to prevent breakdown of the complex and measures to prevent harm to the health of personnel.
Personnel must strictly follow the requirements of the operating instructions and treat the products with care, preventing them from falling or colliding.
Safety of handling the complex is ensured by:
Solid knowledge of the structure and combat use of MANPADS and skillful handling of them;
Solid knowledge of maintenance and repair procedures;
Timely briefing of personnel on safety measures when handling the complex and bringing it under signature;
Using only standard and serviceable tools, fixtures, equipment, Supplies;
Prohibition of the presence of unauthorized persons and the distraction of crews from carrying out their duties functional responsibilities;
Monitoring compliance with security measures by commanders at all levels and personal responsibility of the military personnel.
When handling the complex prohibited:
There is no need to remove the front and rear covers from the pipe, except as provided in the Operating Instructions;
Point the rocket at the sun with the front cover removed;
Remove the rocket from the launch tube;
Activate the NIP when checking its connection with the pipe;
Check the connection of the NIP with the pipe when the piercing lever is in the “PICKING” position;
Disassemble the NPC and bring it to your face;
Unnecessarily remove the protective cap from the spare NIP fitting;
Allow products to fall;
Allow the complex to be heated to temperatures above +50 °C.
The 9K38 complex includes maintenance and repair equipment, which includes a mobile check Point PKP 9V866 and control and testing equipment KPA 9F719, designed for carrying out maintenance of complex elements, respectively, in the field and at bases (arsenals).
Maintenance of the complex using these means is carried out by specialized crews, and in military units - by anti-aircraft gunners.
Maintenance is organized and carried out in accordance with governing documents, which include:
1. Technical description and operating instructions for MANPADS 9K38 “ Needle».
2. Operating manual for missile and artillery weapons.
3. Guidelines for the storage and conservation of missile and artillery weapons and property at central and district warehouses and bases.
4. Instructions for extending the technical suitability of missiles of the “type” Needle" Maintenance is carried out in accordance with the combat training plan of the military unit (annual) and the Long-term plan for the operation of weapons and military equipment (developed in the military unit for five years) by order of the unit commander.
This is preceded by organizational and technical measures, including, respectively:
1. Organizational events :
Clarification of the volume of weapons and type of maintenance;
Calculation of human and material resources;
Drawing up a maintenance schedule;
Organizing and conducting briefings and classes with involved personnel.
2. Technical events :
Preparation of workplaces and weapons for maintenance;
Logistics support for maintenance.
The maintenance procedure includes:
1) removing weapon elements from the closure;
2) carrying out the required type of maintenance;
3) inspection of the closure;
4) placing elements into capping;
5) filling out reporting documentation (forms, reports, etc.) indicating the date, type of maintenance performed, the date of the next one, faults eliminated; the completeness and quality of the work performed is checked;
6) drawing up acts and orders based on the results of maintenance.
The following types of maintenance are established for the complex's combat assets:
Control inspection (KO);
Routine maintenance (TeO);
Maintenance No. 1 of the starting mechanism (TO-1 PM);
Routine work with a rocket in a pipe.
KO and TeO are not planned, but are carried out as necessary during the operation of the complex.
TO-1 PM and routine maintenance on the missile are carried out by the PKP crew during operation of the complex in military units or by the KPA during storage.
KO carried out by an anti-aircraft gunner before launching missiles, going on combat duty, marching, on the march (at rests and stops), before exercises and training sessions.
KO of military equipment includes:
1) KO of an anti-aircraft guided missile in the launch tube (SAM in PT);
2) KO of the trigger mechanism (PM);
3) KO ground power source (GPS);
4) KO spare equipment and accessories (SPTA).
Please note that:
1) before going on combat duty and before launches, it is necessary to check presence of an aerodynamic nozzle by removing the front cover;
2) after transportation to the infantry fighting vehicle, it is necessary to check the condition of the rear cover for absence of punctures by pressing it with your fingers from the inside around the circumference and in the center, after first removing the cover from the pipe.
Theo is carried out by an anti-aircraft gunner every time after a failed missile launch, march, training or exercise, but at least once every two weeks.
The specification of combat weapons includes:
1) TeO SAM in PT;
3) TeO spare parts;
4) TeO capping.
Operations carried out in the scope of KO and TeO of combat weapons are set out in appendix. 3 and 4 respectively; composition of spare parts and consumption of materials - in appendix. 5 and 6.
TO-1 PM and routine maintenance with missile defense in PT carried out by the crew of PKP 9V866 (KPA 9F719) with the participation of anti-aircraft gunners. The scope and frequency of these works are indicated in the appendix. 7.
During maintenance-1 and routine maintenance it is necessary:
1) conduct TeO;
2) check the functioning of the rocket in the tube and the trigger mechanism in accordance with 9V866 IE;
3) inspect the boxes for PM and 9YA694 for missiles in the PT;
4) eliminate the identified malfunctions and shortcomings, place the products in capping boxes and fill out the documentation.
1. When checking the PM, the following is monitored: the integrity of electrical circuits, insulation resistance, current consumption, serviceability of blocking and starting circuits, time of analysis of PM states, and other parameters.
2. When carrying out routine maintenance with missile defense systems in the PT, the following is monitored: the technical condition of the rocket and pipe, the insulation resistance of the NIP, the functioning of the rectifier and stabilizer of the BIP, the amplitude of signals from the steering engines, the sensitivity of the OGS, the module of the command coefficient, the consumed currents, the rotational speed of the gyroscope, etc. . options.
3. When inspecting boxes, you need to check:
The presence and condition of shock absorbers, edging, supports and linings;
The condition of the polyethylene sheet in the box 9YA694 and the plastic bag for laying the cover with PM (through punctures and cuts in them are not allowed; seal the existing punctures and cuts with polyethylene tape with an adhesive layer of the AZO GOST 2044–75 brand or polyethylene film CC 0.20, 1st grade GOST 10354–73 on polyisobutylene glue P-20 TU 38-103257–90, dissolved in gasoline for industrial and technical purposes; if necessary, replace the blade by taking a new one from the group spare parts kit);
No moisture or mold;
Condition of painting and markings on the boxes (touch up areas of damaged paint on boxes with GF-1147 enamel, green TU 6-10-1361–78; areas of damaged markings should be tinted with EP#51 GOST9640–75 enamel of the appropriate color or PF#113 GOST 6465–76 enamel, or ХВ16 TU 6-10-1301–78).
4. When storing rockets in tubes in box 9YA694, you must:
Place the rockets in the pipes in the pads, while the shoulder straps should be placed in the grooves of the pads;
Apply a uniform layer of polyisobutylene taken from the group spare parts kit to the rubber edging; cover the box with a plastic sheet (sticky side to the rubber edging of the box) and straighten the sheet;
Close the box with a lid and secure it with six (eight) locks on which to install checks;
Place the forms on the tube rockets placed in the box in plastic bags and place them in your pocket.
Note: If the box has a spacer ring, install it on the ground power supply.
When placing PM in a box you must:
Place the PM and its single set of spare parts in the PM case;
Place the cover with PM in plastic bag, seal the bag or seal it with polyisobutylene glue P-20, dissolved in gasoline for industrial and technical purposes, or polyethylene film Ss 0.20 1st grade on polyisobutylene glue P-20 or polyethylene tape with an adhesive layer of the AZO brand;
Place the PM in a case in a box;
Close the box with a lid and secure with locks;
Place the PM form in a plastic bag and place it in a pencil case.
Note: it is allowed to use similar materials produced by industry in accordance with other GOSTs and specifications (instead of the above).
2.2.2. Target designation and communication means
The operation of target designation and communications equipment is carried out in accordance with the Product Operating Instructions, as well as the requirements of departmental documents of the RF Ministry of Defense.
Portable electronic tablet PEP 1L15–1
Operation of the PEP includes intended use for combat and training purposes, maintenance and repair, as well as storage and transportation.
General provisions of safety measures during operation of PEP 1L15–1
Only persons who have studied the operating instructions and technical description of the product and have undergone safety training when working with electrical and radio installations are allowed to operate. When using the product, in order to avoid damage to it, you must take precautions: avoid falls, impacts, heavy and hard objects falling onto the protective glass of the indicator and avoid exposure to sunlight. When checking the product, use only serviceable tools and devices. When working with electrical measuring instruments and during checks, it is necessary to ground the housing, instruments, and power source. When installing the product in an area exposed to HF and microwave radiation from a radar, it is necessary to maintain a safe distance from the radar or limit the time spent in the area acceptable standards. When performing transportation and storage operations, comply with safety requirements for loading, unloading and transport operations.
Procedure for preparation and work on the probe
I. Position selection
1. The position must provide:
a) convenience of viewing the terrain and airspace;
b) best conditions radio reception;
c) protecting the screen of the matrix LED indicator from direct sunlight;
d) its location near the place specified in the commander’s combat order.
2. According to radio reception conditions, it is better to be located at a height, on a slope from the control point or on the side.
3. You should not be located closer than 50 m from massive structures and forest edges.
II. Preparing the probe for work
Open the top cover of the probe, the bag of the single spare parts and record in the initial data:
a) full position coordinates determined from the map:
X pos1
Y pos1=…, km (accurate to tenths)
b) full coordinates of the reference point specified in the combat order:
X rep.=…, km
Y rep.=…, km
c) main and reserve operating frequencies specified in the combat order:
f main=…, MHz
f zap=…, MHz
d) calculated topographic reference coordinates:
X tp1 = X pos1 - X rep=…, km
Y tp1 = Y pos1 - Y rep=…, km
Attention! The coordinates must be positive only, i.e. the reference point must be located southwest of the firing position.
2. Provide power to the PEP:
a) from the built-in source:
Unscrew the screw of the battery compartment cover and remove the battery housing;
Move the battery housing cover until the outer marks align and open it;
Install 6 A-343 type cells into the battery, observing the polarity indicated on the battery case, close the lid;
Install the battery into the battery compartment with the terminals down, aligning the chamfer of the edge of the battery case with the cut corner of the compartment (the “+” signs on the battery and the compartment must match);
Close and secure the battery compartment cover with a screw;
Check the functionality of the battery by setting the type of work switch to the “WORK” position:
When the “LOSS OF COMMUNICATION” and “TOPOVIAZK” indicator lights up, the battery is working;
When the light comes on, an additional “CHANGE BATTERY” display will indicate that the battery life will last for no more than 40 minutes of operation;
If the indicated indicators do not light up, the battery is inoperative;
b) from an external source (in cold weather):
Remove the battery from the battery compartment, secure the compartment cover with the screw again;
Install the battery into the case taken from a single spare parts kit, terminals down and align the chamfers (the “+” sign is towards the cable);
Connect connector Ш1 of the case cable with connector Ш3 of the probe, aligning the locks of the connectors and securing with a union nut;
Place the battery case under outerwear;
Check battery performance;
c) from an external source (BMP on-board network +27V):
Strictly observing the polarity, connect the +27V and ^ terminals of the external source and the probe using a cable (preferably with multi-colored wires). In this case, the built-in or remote sources are automatically turned off;
Check the functionality of the source.
2. Enter the coordinates of the topographic reference into the PEP, for which:
a) set the switch for the type of work in the “WORK” position, check that the “LOSS OF COMMUNICATION”, “TOP CONNECTION” indicator lights up and the sound signal;
b) press the “X” button and, observing the seven-segment indicator “X”:
By simultaneously pressing buttons I and II, enter tens of kilometers X tp;
By pressing button II, enter the units of kilometers X tp;
By pressing the I button, enter tenths of a kilometer X tp;
c) enter the YTP coordinate in the same way and make sure that the “TOPOPROVYAZKA” display goes out (when X TP and Y TP are entered, the “TOPOPROVYAZKA” indication stops);
The set coordinate values are saved in TP mode for up to one day. Control of entered coordinates - by pressing the “X”, “Y” buttons. Resetting the coordinates is carried out by setting the switch for the type of work of the probe to the “OFF” position. at 7 s;
d) set the switch for the type of work of the probe to the “STANDBY” position. and make sure the “LOSS OF CONNECTION” sign goes out.
If there is increased external noise, connect connector Ш of the external telephone to connector “Ш3” of the probe or connector “Ш2” of the battery case (in cold weather).
4. Install the antenna into the antenna socket of the probe:
Remove the antenna from the bag on the probe cover;
Align the axis of the upper part of the antenna with the bushing of its lower part;
Close the connection point with a movable tube;
Holding the base of the antenna with one hand (a wrench) and rotating the tension nut with the other hand, tighten the antenna cable;
Secure the tension nut with a locknut;
Screw the antenna into the antenna socket.
5. Set the main (spare) operating frequency of the receiver:
Pull the MHz knob up until it stops;
By rotating the knob and observing the scale, set the value of the operating frequency MHz (within 37–51);
Push the handle down;
Similarly, use the KHz knob to set the KHz value of the operating frequency (within the range 000–950 in increments of 50).
In the dark, set the receiver switch to the “BACKLIGHT” position.
6. Check the functionality of the receiver (if there is power in the “STANDBY” mode), to do this, set the receiver switch to the “RECEIVE” position. Wherein:
If after 7 seconds the “LOSS OF COMMUNICATION” sign goes out, and telegraph or voice information is clearly audible on the phone, then the position is selected correctly, the receiver is operational, the communication channel is functioning;
If after 30 seconds the “LOSS OF CONNECTION” sign does not go out, and the telecode is faintly audible on the phone against the background noise, then it is necessary to change the position in order to improve reception;
In cold weather, to improve reception, place the receiver under outer clothing, for which:
Loosen the union nut of the antenna socket and disconnect the tip of wire “A” of the receiver;
Disconnect connector “Ш1” of the receiver from connector “Ш2” of the probe;
Unscrew the 6 screws of the receiver cover and remove the receiver;
Close the receiver niche with a cover from the spare parts kit;
Take the connecting device from ZIP-1 and connect it:
· connector “Ш1” to connector “Ш2” of the probe;
· contact “E” to the antenna socket of the probe;
· terminal “AN” to wire “A” of the receiver; connector “Ш” to connector “Ш1” of the receiver;
· pass the connecting device belt through the eyes in the receiver body;
· hang the receiver on a belt under your clothes.
If after 30 seconds the “LOSS OF COMMUNICATION” sign does not go out, and only a characteristic noise is heard on the phone, then the communication channel is not working. Check the spare frequency or listen to the channel with any other receiver with a sensitivity of at least 10 μV. Report to the commander.
7. Orient the probe to the north using a compass or work card and local items.
8. When taking a break in combat work, set the switch to the TP position, while the topographic reference data is saved.
III. Combat work
1. Set the switch for the type of work of the probe to the work position and make sure that after 7 s the light and sound indication of loss of connection disappears and the “CHANGE BATTERY” and “TOPO CONNECTION” displays do not light up.
2. When an alien target appears in the PES display area:
a) a pulsed light signal “ZONE” and an intermittent sound signal will appear;
b) the indicator LEDs will begin to blink intermittently with a frequency of 3.5 Hz and a duty cycle of 2, displaying the location and course of the target (and the new position of the target is displayed by a brighter LED). “Own” targets are displayed by non-blinking LEDs.
3. Assess the air situation, select a target for firing and continuously determine its range and azimuth.
4. At a range of 9–6 km, issue target designation to the shooter in reference directions, local landmarks or azimuth and range.
Example: « So and so(call sign), target over so-and-so(number of landmark or reference direction), height 00(in hectometers), range 00(in hectometers), destroy" or " So and so(call sign), target left/right, front/back, height 00, range 00, destroy».
“11th, target above 1, height 10, range 30, destroy.”
“12th, target on the left above the bridge, height 15, range 20, destroy.”
At the end of the work, set the receiver switch to the “OFF” position, the probe switch to the “OFF” position. and roll the product into a stowed position.
The procedure for carrying out maintenance of the probe is set out in appendix. 8.
Radio station R-157
General provisions for safety measures during operation of the R-157
To avoid premature failure of the radio station, it is necessary to keep it clean; protect the rubber sheath of the headset cables from oil and gasoline; Protect the cheekpiece from exposure to dampness. In case of severe contamination of the battery compartment, it is allowed to wash it with a stream of water and then dry it. If water gets on the battery, dry it by gently shaking it.
It is also necessary to protect the radio station from impacts and falls; Avoid excessive force when connecting and disconnecting the battery and headset; do not twist or bend the antennas and cables of the headset at an acute angle; When disconnecting the headset, grab the connector casing with your hand, but do not pull the cable; Start folding the whip antenna from the top link, bending the antenna at the locations of the short bushings; protect the battery from various impacts, since TsNK-0.45 batteries do not have sufficient mechanical strength; When removing the battery from the case, press the lock button and support it with your fingers.
During operation, do not turn on the radio station for transmission without an antenna or its equivalent.
The instructions for using power supplies must be followed.
In addition, when carrying out maintenance of the radio station, allow maintenance personnel who have solid practical skills in operation, maintenance and knowledge of the relevant safety rules when working with measuring instruments. Maintenance personnel carrying out regulations must be aware that careless or inept handling of the radio station, violation of the operating instructions and safety measures can cause failure of the radio station's components. Troubleshooting of any kind and repair of the radio station should be carried out only with the power source turned off. When checking and adjusting the radio station, it is necessary to strictly follow the rules for safe work with radio installations; all control and measuring equipment must be grounded.
Attention! When carrying out routine maintenance on batteries prohibited:
Charge batteries directly from the network;
Short-circuit the battery poles;
Discharge batteries to voltage below 10 V.
Failure to comply with these rules leads to depressurization and explosion of batteries.
The procedure for preparing the R-157 radio station for operation
To use the radio station, you must connect a headset to the transceiver; insert the charged battery into the battery compartment until it stops (you will feel a click in the lock); insert the antenna into the antenna socket of the transceiver and turn the antenna lock nut clockwise; set the required operating frequency using the knobs on the front panel of the transceiver; turn on the power of the radio station (set the work type switch on the manipulator to the “ON” position); check the presence of noise in the phone and the operation of the noise suppressor (put the work type switch on the manipulator to the “ShP” position); install two radio stations at a distance of 5–10 m from each other and check for communication between them at the same frequencies; set the work type switch on the manipulator to the “OFF” position.
Operating procedure for the R-157 radio station
When operating a radio station, especially at extreme radio communication distances, it must be remembered that the choice of location for the radio station should be made taking into account the characteristics of the propagation of ultrashort waves (VHF), as well as depending on the method of placing the radio station.
When choosing a location, you must remember that electromagnetic waves, spreading along the earth's surface and encountering obstacles on its way, to one degree or another can bend around them, at the same time be reflected and absorbed by them. The shorter the radio wave, the less pronounced its ability to bend around obstacles and the more it can be reflected and absorbed. The reflection and absorption of radio waves in the range of the R-157 radio station is pronounced, and the ability to avoid obstacles is small. Therefore, you must follow the following rules:
Do not be located in close proximity to local objects in the direction of the correspondent: for steep slopes hills and embankments; near stone, reinforced concrete and railway structures, transverse power lines;
Locate the radio station, if circumstances permit, on the mountainside facing the correspondent, on a side slope or closer to the top;
At the edge of the forest, do not deploy the radio station, but it is better to go deeper into the forest or retreat to open place;
In the forest, place the radio station in the center of a group of trees, but not on their border with the clearing;
At the top of a mountain, on tall trees, a tower, the roof of a building, etc., a communication range that significantly exceeds the nominal one is achieved. When there are several mountainous obstacles (hills) between the correspondents, then choose the end points so that the route passes through the highest points and peaks. The most favorable radio communication conditions will be with direct visibility of both correspondents;
Soil has a significant impact on radio communications: communication on dry soil is much worse than on wet soil (dry soil is sand, frozen soil, soil covered with snow, frozen reservoirs);
In a city, especially a large one, the phenomenon of interference of VHF radio waves is observed, which is expressed in the fact that a few meters from a place of good audibility there are places with very poor audibility or no audibility at all. And if the connection turns out to be unreliable, then the radio station should be moved a few meters from the original installation site. The communication range when working in a populated area decreases relative to the nominal one;
When working from a stone building for a radio station, choose a room with windows facing the correspondent and be located on the top floor (but not under the iron roof itself);
Place the radio station on sites, in parks, as far as possible from city buildings. It is desirable that there be more free space near the radio station in the direction of the correspondent. Carburetor internal combustion engines with an electric ignition system create radio interference due to spark discharges that occur during the operation of automotive electrical equipment and are accompanied by high-frequency electrical oscillations. Therefore, avoid placing the radio station near the road; move away from it.
Contact a correspondent
Depending on the operating conditions and the location of the radio station on the operator, communication is carried out using a whip antenna or an antenna in the belt. When working at extreme distances, orient the antenna for best audibility (the whip antenna should be tilted away from the correspondent), connect the counterweight and turn off the noise suppressor.
Set the work type switch on the manipulator to the “ON” position. The transceiver is in receive mode and receiver noise is heard on the phone. When the work type switch is switched to the ShP position, only weak noise from the low-frequency amplifier is heard.
To call a correspondent, press the “TONE” and “TRANSMIT” keys on the keypad, the transceiver is switched to the tone call transmission mode. A single-tone signal is heard on the correspondent's phone.
To communicate by voice, press the “TRANSFER” key and work from the microphone. While operating the transmission, monitor the condition of the battery: if the light on the manipulator lights up, disconnect the battery and replace it with a freshly charged one. Set the required volume on your phone by rotating the outer disk built into the cheekpiece until the holes in the disks line up or overlap.
After the connection ends, set the work type switch on the manipulator to the “OFF” position.
It is also necessary to remember the features of the radio station in different climatic conditions:
To increase the operating time of the radio station from one battery at low temperatures (below –10 °C), place the battery under outer clothing, connecting it to the transceiver through block No. 1, included in a single spare parts kit.
When operating the radio station in low temperature conditions, do not place it directly on snow and ice, protect the external parts of the set from moisture and freezing. When brought into a warm room, the radio becomes sweaty; you need to wipe it with a dry soft cloth (rags).
If the ambient temperature rises above +50 °C, unscrew the process screw on the front panel of the transceiver and bleed the air; After the air comes out, tighten the screw until it stops. Do not allow the radio temperature to exceed +65 °C.
After operating in wet weather conditions, dry the radio in a dry, well-ventilated area.
Maintenance of the R-157
For the maintenance of radio stations, a planned preventive principle is used, according to which maintenance at radio stations is carried out after certain calendar periods, regardless of operating hours.
Maintenance regulations must be provided for:
Daily Maintenance (1);
Monthly maintenance (3);
Semi-annual maintenance (5);
Annual maintenance (6).
When carrying out maintenance, all work specified in the relevant regulations must be performed, and identified deficiencies and malfunctions must be eliminated.
The results of compliance with regulations 3, 5, 6 are clearly and accurately recorded in the routine maintenance log. All detected malfunctions, repair work, results of measurements of monitored parameters, as well as the results of compliance with regulations 5 and 6 must be entered into the appropriate section of the radio station’s registration form.
Labor costs for implementing regulations are given without taking into account the time required for preparation, deployment and repair of radio stations; labor costs for implementing regulations 5 and 6 are given without taking into account the time required to check the battery capacity.
During the maintenance of the radio station, work must be done to assess the effectiveness of preventive measures. Based on this work, the content of the regulations is clarified and adjusted in the prescribed manner.
The procedure for carrying out regulations 1 and 3 is set out in appendix. 9.
2.2.3. Educational and training aids
Unified field simulator 9F635
The simulator can be used both during training in performing the duties of anti-aircraft gunners to fire at air targets in various modes, and when fulfilling standards No. 10 and No. 11 for fire training of units armed with MANPADS.
The procedure for using UPT for practicing educational tasks and standards is given in the appendix. 10. Variants of educational tasks are given in textbook « Special training for a 9K38 "Igla" MANPADS platoon commander", as well as on the corresponding poster in the combat work class of the military department.
General provisions of safety measures during operation of UPT 9F635
Persons who have studied the design and operating rules of the 9K38 equipment, the technical description of the UPT and these instructions are allowed to work with the unified field simulator. Personnel must strictly comply with the requirements of these instructions and treat the products with care, preventing them from falling or colliding. Personnel are allowed to work after testing their knowledge of the equipment of standard systems, operating rules and safety regulations.
When conducting training at the UPT, it is also necessary to observe safety precautions when working with electrical equipment and a gas-electric unit:
1. To avoid electric shock to personnel prohibited:
When power is supplied, perform docking and undocking of cable connectors, replacing fuses and light bulbs, and other routine repairs;
Use fuses and light bulbs of other ratings, non-standard and faulty tools.
2. To avoid poisoning of personnel with toxic technical liquids (TFL) and exhaust gases prohibited:
Install the gasoline unit for operation on the leeward side;
Refill/refuel the operating unit with fuels and lubricants and coolants;
Allow nuclear fuel to get inside.
3. To ensure fire safety workplace must be equipped with fire extinguishing equipment. If a source of fire occurs, turn off the unit, turn off the power to the electrical equipment and begin extinguishing.
Besides, prohibited:
Use open flame when starting the unit;
Extinguish electrical installations and cables with water and carbon dioxide fire extinguishers;
Smoking in places not intended for this.
Educational and training kit 9F663
General provisions of safety measures during operation of UTK 9F663
Persons who have studied the design and operating rules of the 9K38 equipment, the technical description of the 9F663 kit and these instructions are allowed to work with the training kit. Personnel must strictly comply with the requirements of these instructions and treat the products with care, preventing them from falling or colliding. Personnel are allowed to work after testing their knowledge of the equipment of standard systems, operating rules and safety regulations.
Preparation for operation of the product 9F726 02.000, work, preparation for reuse of the 9F663 kit should be carried out in strict accordance with the instructions. Persons who have undergone special training, have studied the safety rules when working with pyrotechnics and are designated by order are allowed to prepare the product for reuse. Personnel preparing the kit for reuse must wear clothing that is free of static electricity. When changing the device, personnel are not allowed to be in the area of the front and rear sections of the pipe. It is allowed to prepare the product for reuse in field conditions, providing protection from precipitation.
To preserve the training and practical product 9F726, it is necessary to select a place for work in such a way that the product falls on soft ground (plowed land, sand, snow).
Connecting the 9F663 cable plug to an external power source is allowed only in the polarity indicated on the plug.
The 9F726 product and 9F726 devices are safe during storage, operation, testing, operation, accidental fall onto a concrete base from a height of up to 5 m, and fail-safe when dropped while enclosed from a height of up to 2 m onto a concrete base. If 9F726 products are accidentally dropped from a height of up to 1 m, it is necessary to carry out an external inspection with the corresponding mark in section 12 of the form. If the MTP 9F634 falls without capping from a height of more than 2 m, it is necessary to carry out maintenance with a note in section 16 of the form.
When using the kit prohibited:
1) perform real work for operators who have not been trained in educational, training and practical work modes;
2) apply power, press the trigger and move the handle of the product pricking mechanism to the PUNCH position without the instructor’s command;
3) dock and undocking the NIP if the lever of the pipe pinning mechanism is turned in the direction of the PICK arrow;
4) undock the MTP if power is supplied to it;
5) tilt the training and practical product with the front end down while the MTP trigger is pressed (also in the case of misalignment of the TPI with the device);
6) place the 9F663 kit without capping on the floor of a moving vehicle;
7) jump with products from the body of a car;
8) finding people, explosives, and flammable materials outside shelters at a distance closer than 60 m from the work site.
9) work:
Without safety glasses;
With the front and rear pipe covers closed;
At an elevation angle of less than 20° above the horizon;
From a kneeling position, if the elevation angle is more than 50°;
From a standing position, if the elevation angle is more than 70°;
With a shoulder strap thrown over the head or arm;
If there are high objects behind the operator at a distance of less than 0.5 m from the rear end of the pipe (walls, blind fences, trench walls, earthen ramparts, etc.);
10) press the trigger release lever and move the pinning mechanism lever to its original position after passing the “Get Out” command without the instructor’s command;
11) move the pricking mechanism lever to its original position without returning the trigger to its original position.
To use the kit you need:
Prepare the position in accordance with the requirements of the operating instructions;
Unfold the kit into position;
Carry out self-monitoring of the functioning of the equipment;
Connect the training device to the training and practical product;
Dock the equipped training and/or training-practical complex for conducting training in the selected mode;
Conduct training in one of the modes:
Educational and training;
Training and practical with a training or operating device
2 operators in training and practical;
Collapse the kit.
The procedure for connecting an educational device to a training and practical product is set out in the appendix. eleven.
The procedure for deployment, self-monitoring of equipment and training is set out in appendix. 12.
Maintenance of the 9F663 kit ensures its constant readiness for operation and consists of periodically performing certain activities (inspections, checks and other work) aimed at timely detection of faults, their prevention and elimination.
Maintenance work on the kit is carried out by crew personnel under the direction of the unit commander. Maintenance of MU 9F728 and educational product 9F727 is carried out by PKP 9V866 specialists with the assistance of the crew operating the 9F663 kit.
When performing maintenance, you must use only standard, serviceable tools and accessories and strictly follow all safety instructions.
For all types of maintenance, it is necessary to fill out the form 9F663 FO and the forms for its component devices and products.
Prohibited reduce the amount of maintenance provided for in these instructions.
Types and frequency of maintenance UTK 9F663 (Appendix 13):
1) control inspection (CI);
4) technical maintenance No. 2 (TO-2);
5) seasonal maintenance (MS).
In the event that during any type of maintenance malfunctions are discovered that cannot be eliminated by calculation forces, the repair is carried out with the assistance of repair organizations and the manufacturer.
Unified classroom simulator 9F874
General provisions of safety measures during operation of UKT 9F874
Personnel who have studied the operating manual (technical description) of the MANPADS are allowed to train on the 9F874 simulator. Students must know the structure, principle of operation, training procedure and combat use of MANPADS. They must be familiar with the operations of an anti-aircraft gunner with MANPADS combat equipment in accordance with the operating manual. The instructor conducting training of anti-aircraft gunners must be trained in the design, operation and practical application MANPADS and UKT 9F874.
All work on installation and dismantling of the simulator, joining and undocking cables of all types, as well as carrying out all types of repair work must be carried out only when the complex is completely de-energized. When carrying out repair work, the safety measures taken for this type of work (welding, gluing, etc.) should be observed.
When using the simulator prohibited:
Allow persons to work who have not undergone safety training;
One anti-aircraft gunner can turn on the product and operate it without an instructor;
Leave the product under voltage without supervision.
The simulator provides protection from external energy overloads. The instructor's workplace monitor (IWM) protects the instructor from electromagnetic and other radiation harmful to health and complies with the standards of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.
When using the UCT, it must first be prepared for work:
Turn on the simulator (press the switch located on the computer case under the protective cover);
Launch special software simulator (hover the mouse cursor over the icon of this application and double-click the left mouse button);
If necessary, enter your full name. trainees to the simulator database using the RMI software interface;
If necessary, create new exercises or edit existing ones and enter them into the simulator database using the RMI software interface.
When working on the UKT you must:
Select an exercise from the list using the RMI software interface;
Select full name a student from the list using the RMI software interface;
Give the trainee a training task;
Instruct the trainee to take a place at the counter with the simulator of the BS MANPADS;
Instruct the trainee to put on a display helmet and take the BS MANPADS simulator (if necessary, the second trainee helps the first);
Set the zero position on the orientation sensors of the display helmet and the MANPADS BS simulator by pressing the F2 and F4 buttons in sequence;
Start the exercise by pressing the F1 key on the keyboard;
The instructor controls the student’s actions during the exercise (to interrupt the exercise at any place, if necessary, press the ESC key);
At the end of the exercise, give the trainee the command to remove the helmet display and place the BS MANPADS simulator on the stand;
Enter the assigned grade into the database and, if necessary, conduct a detailed analysis of the student’s actions.
Upon completion of work, turn off the simulator (exit the special software of the simulator, then turn off the computer using the standard procedure operating system Windows).
Maintenance of the UCT should ensure its constant readiness for use, as well as timely identification and elimination of faults. The UKT maintenance system is developed in accordance with the requirements of " Unified system comprehensive maintenance and repair of weapons and military equipment" and based on experience in operating training facilities.
The following types of maintenance are established for UKT:
1) control inspection (CI);
2) daily maintenance (ETM);
3) technical maintenance No. 1 (TO-1);
4) maintenance during storage (TO-X).
Maintenance is carried out at the point of operation and does not require dismantling individual parts of the simulator. If possible, types of maintenance should be combined.
1. Control inspection carried out by service personnel before the start of classes. Control inspection includes:
Visual check of the absence of mechanical damage to the simulator;
Checking the reliability of cable connections;
Removing dust from all surfaces of the simulator (except for the monitor and helmet-display optics) with a damp cotton cloth. Dust from the monitor and optics of the display helmet, if necessary, is removed with a dry, clean cotton cloth;
Switching on and checking the operation of the display helmet and the MANPADS BS simulator in accordance with the operating manual for the UKT.
2. Daily Maintenance carried out by maintenance personnel after classes, but at least once every two weeks if the simulator has not been used. Daily maintenance includes work in the scope of KO.
3. Maintenance #1 carried out by specialized crews and carried out once a year. TO-1 includes:
Carrying out work in the scope of ETO;
Checking the presence and condition of single sets of spare parts;
Replacement (from spare parts and accessories) of components and parts of the simulator that have exhausted their service life according to the operating manual for the UKT;
Checking the condition of the paint coating of the BS MANPADS simulator and, if necessary, restoring it in accordance with the operating manual for the UKT;
Carrying out undocking of the PM simulator with a rocket simulator in a pipe to check the serviceability of the elements of their fastening to each other, the state of the contacts on the plug and socket of their on-board connector, docking of the PM and missile simulators in a pipe in order to check the reliability of their mutual fastening;
Undocking the NIP simulator, the on-board connector cover on the pipe to check the presence and condition of lubricant on the mating and rubbing surfaces of the pinning mechanism, the operation of the NIP latch, rod, etc. Lubrication of the docking points;
Checking the presence and condition of seals, their compliance with the form.
4. Storage Maintenance carried out by personnel of storage units and maintenance points once every six months. TO-X includes:
Visual inspection packaging condition of the UKT;
Opening the package with an uninterruptible power supply, installing it for recharging in accordance with the instruction manual.
2.2.4. General information about the maintenance of mobile MANPADS
Maintenance of MANPADS mobile equipment is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the Operating Instructions and technical description machines, as well as with instructions and recommendations set out in departmental documents of the RF Ministry of Defense.
Full use of the technical capabilities of combat vehicles, constant combat readiness and reliability of their operation are ensured by:
Correct and technically competent organization of equipment operation;
Keeping records of machine operation and maintenance;
Systematic qualified control by officials of the technical condition and maintenance of machines in departments and units;
High level technical training of personnel;
Availability of equipped parks, mechanized stationary and mobile service equipment;
Timely supply of troops with property and operational materials in accordance with established time sheets and standards.
Maintenance of mobile vehicles consists of periodically carrying out a strictly defined list of works: cleaning and washing vehicles, refueling fuels and lubricants, adjusting, lubricating and washing filters, eliminating possible malfunctions, etc., which are carried out in accordance with operating plans together with other weapons and equipment of the unit.
For them, the main types of exploitation will be:
Scheduled maintenance;
Intended use during exercises and in the educational process within the allocated resource standards;
Short-term storage in a specially equipped and guarded area No. 1 of the military unit park.
To check and maintain the BMP #2 in technically sound condition and in constant combat readiness, the following types of maintenance are provided:
1) control inspection (CI);
2) daily maintenance (ETM);
3) technical maintenance No. 1 (TO-1);
4) technical maintenance No. 2 (TO-2).
1. Control inspection (CR) the machine is carried out before each exit from the park or before a battle to check the serviceability of the vehicle and refuel it with operating materials. The approximate duration of the examination is 15–20 minutes. Control inspection on small rest stops carried out after 2–3 hours of movement on the march. The approximate duration of the examination is 10–12 minutes.
At control inspection before leaving the park:
Check the fuel supply system, the oil level in the engine lubrication system tank, the coolant level in the cooling system expansion tank and refill if necessary.
Check the serviceability of the steering wheel, pedals and control drive levers, the serviceability of external lighting and signal, the presence and fastening of manhole covers and plugs in the bottom and body of the machine, the fastening of spare parts outside the machine, the presence and serviceability of track earrings and wedges with nuts.
Prepare the engine for starting, start it, warm it up and check the engine operation at 2000–2600 rpm, the serviceability of instrumentation, the presence of charging current and the voltage level of the vehicle’s on-board network, the absence of fuel, oil and coolant leaks.
Before going out at night, install working position and check the operation of the TVNO-2 device, wipe the optical parts of the sight, the TKN-3B device and surveillance devices, check the operation of the sight control panel in day and night operating modes.
In anticipation of firing from a cannon and machine gun, check the automatic locking of the gun at the charging angle and remove the lubricant from the bore of the gun; serviceability of the electric igniter circuit; the amount of liquid in the hydraulic recoil; electric trigger of the machine gun and remove lubricant from the barrel bore and moving parts; ammunition stowage and fastening of ammunition; the treadmill of the loading mechanism conveyor and free it from foreign objects; position of the pickup tray; operation of the 1ETs10M guidance drive.
In anticipation of launches of the 9M14M ATGM, check the operation of the ATGM control panel handle, switch, condition of the signal lamp cap, button and protectors; reliability of fastening the cover to the launch bracket; check the reliability of fastening the guide in the installations.
In anticipation of air transportation, remove the plugs from the air cartridges on the sight and the spare head cover; locking the tower and make sure that the handle of the rotating mirror of the TKN-3B device is installed in the desired position (according to the requirements of the IE).
At control inspection at rest stops, check the fastening of hatch covers and plugs in the bottom and body of the vehicle; fastening boxes with spare parts outside and inside the machine; absence of leakage from connections of engine systems and power transmission units, as well as whether there is chafing of system pipelines; serviceability of side and signal lights; cleanliness of the air intake pipe mesh and the mesh above the radiator; condition of caterpillars; fastening covers and plugs of lubrication holes in chassis components; no leakage from systems power plant and power transmission.
In addition, wipe the glass of the sight and observation devices; check the fastening of ammunition; remove foreign objects from the loading mechanism conveyor treadmill; clean the guide vanes; remove condensate from the moisture-oil separator.
2. Daily Maintenance (DTO) is carried out daily after the vehicle is returned from service, regardless of the kilometers traveled. Estimated service duration is 2.5–3 hours.
ETO includes technical activities:
By car: clean the car outside and inside from dirt and dust (wash in summer) (in winter - from snow); air intake pipe mesh; check valves of outlet pipes of water pumps to remove dirt and deposits; device TKN-3B.
Carry out KO of the car. In addition, check the antenna device (serviceability of locks, antenna, whether there is dirt or water in the cavities); condition of drying cartridges in the sight and drying cartridges in the TKN-3B device, as well as in spare parts.
Wash the handle locks with diesel fuel and lubricate them with MT-16p oil through the holes in the door handles; rubbing parts and internal cavities of door handles; glasses of observation devices of ball joints.
By chassis: check the presence and tightness of the track wedge nuts and, if necessary, tighten them; fastening the roller hub covers and tightening the filler plugs, tighten the bolts if necessary.
By power department: start the engine and check its operation by ear and according to the readings of control devices in various modes; remove condensate from the moisture-oil separator.
Check the tightness of closing of the water drain valves from the ejector and from the engine cooling system and clean if necessary; Check the oil level in the fuel pump regulator and in the gearbox housing and refill if necessary.
By department of management: check the operation of TVNO-2 and the consistency of the light beams of the headlights with the direction of sight through the device; position of the mirror, shutter and diaphragm handles of the TKN-3B device; ease of pedal movement; fuel supply; adjusting the stopping brakes; operation of the radio station and TPU, reliability of their fastening and connection of all wires; reliability of locking of the winter air intake flap control flywheel; serviceability and reliability of fastening of the converter, electrical wires, tightening of union nuts, plug connectors, and direction indicator. Clean the transducer and gyro-compass from dust and dirt and wipe dry.
By combat compartment: check the operation of the sight in day and night modes; replenish ammunition.
By airborne squad: check the condition and state of charge of the batteries; Clean the seats of the ball joints from dust and dirt, wipe them dry and lubricate them with a light layer of lubricant.
3. Maintenance No. 1 (TO-1) carried out every 2500–2600 km. Estimated service duration is 5.5–6 hours.
4. Maintenance No. 2 (TO-2) carried out every 4800–5000 km. Estimated service duration is 7.5–8 hours.
Safety measures during maintenance and repair of BMP-2
1. Direction and speed signs and other signs are installed on all roads located in parks. road signs. Walking and driving in the park outside of roads is prohibited.
Driving cars and tracked vehicles within the park and in production premises permitted to the persons to whom they are assigned, who have the right to operate this equipment. As an exception, persons responsible for the technical condition and operation of the equipment are allowed to check the technical condition of machines on the move. When driving vehicles in the park, traffic rules on streets and roads must be strictly observed. Overtaking vehicles in parks is prohibited.
2. Before starting the engines of machines in enclosed spaces, it is necessary to first open the entrance doors and turn on the ventilation. Warming up cars while parked in enclosed spaces is strictly prohibited. Warm them up in designated places outside the park or parking lot.
3. When starting the vehicle, make sure that there are no personnel nearby and, if necessary, post an observer.
4. In cold weather, in closed parks it is prohibited to warm up engines and units with open flames, torch and lamp heaters. Warming up engines with soldering and torch heaters is permitted only in open parks. In these cases, a fire brigade must be assigned and fire extinguishing equipment must be prepared.
5. Check the brakes while driving in specially equipped areas.
6. Parking of cars on roads in parks, in front of workshops and technical shops, as well as the work of personnel under cars in these places is prohibited.
7. When parking cars, observe the following rules:
Make sure there are no personnel;
The placement of vehicles into place should be carried out under the guidance of the duty officer (orderly) or a specially appointed person;
Before draining water from the cooling system, open the radiator cap after the engine has cooled slightly to prevent burns from hot steam and water.
8. At workplaces, workshops, technical training centers and other production premises, strictly follow the safety rules at these positions.
9. To avoid electric shock to personnel in the park, observe the following rules:
Repairs to power and lighting networks and electrical appliances should only be carried out by specialists authorized for this work by order of the unit;
Use only serviceable electric tools that do not have short circuits of current-carrying parts to the tool body. The housing of electrical appliances and tools must be grounded using a special wire and pin;
It is prohibited to replace installed fuses with various types of “bugs”;
At washing stations, do not direct the water stream in the direction of electrical wires;
Use portable lamps with a voltage not exceeding 36 V. Portable lamps must have protective grids.
10. In addition, prohibited:
Smoking in undesignated areas;
Start engines by towing and leave the vehicle with the engine running;
Move through the park at a speed of more than 5 km/h;
When warming up the engine while parked, stay in the car cabin for more than 2 minutes;
Carry out repair work on machines in places prohibited by the BTS Manual;
Use gasoline to wash parts and wash engines;
Check battery voltage for spark;
Carry out repair work under machines without special shields;
During work, lubricate and fasten parts, fill, adjust and clean from dirt.
2.2.5. Transportation and storage of MANPADS
Transportation and storage of MANPADS is carried out in strict accordance with the Operating Instructions for complex products and means of transportation, as well as other departmental documents of the RF Ministry of Defense that regulate the procedure for carrying out work.
In this case, the rockets in the tubes and launching mechanisms are placed in capping to protect them from external atmospheric and mechanical influences.
The closure for the 9M39 missiles is the 9YA694 box, in the cradle of which two missiles are placed in tubes with docked ground power sources and two spare ones in individual cases. The box provides long-term storage of missiles over the entire range of specified storage temperatures (from –50 to +50 °C), humidity and other influences:
In heated rooms - up to 10 years;
In unheated rooms - up to 7 years;
In open areas under a canopy - 2 years.
The box allows you to transport the rocket by vehicle over a distance of up to 5,000 km, and by tracked transport up to 3,000 km.
On the outer surface of the box lid there is a metal indicator, which shows a diagram of the stowage of missiles and spare NPCs. To secure the lid with locks, there are eight hooks installed on it. On the side of the box there is a special metal pocket for storing accompanying documents (forms). Two corner locks at different ends on opposite sides are sealed. To carry the box, there are special handles on the sides. For ease of use they are rubberized. The box is carried by two people.
The closure for the PM 9P516-1 is a special box with rubber seals, the weight of which with the PM and a single set of spare parts is 7.6 kg.
Specially equipped boxes serve as closures for group spare parts kits for the 9M39 and PM 9P516-1 missiles. The mass of boxes with spare parts is 2.53 and 4.53 kg, respectively.
When transporting air defense missile systems elements prohibited:
Place MANPADS on the floor vehicle outside the capping boxes;
Transport explosive materials and fuel together with missiles;
Allow rockets to heat up to temperatures above +50 °C.
Transportation of the complex by rail, water and air transport is carried out without restrictions on range and speed. When transported by these types of transport, the boxes are stacked and securely secured using standard and available means.
Boxes 9Я694 with products before loading them onto a mobile frame railway carriage must be collected and tied on the ground (site) in a package using four 100×100×1900 mm lumber blocks coniferous species and four wire ties. Before installing the wire ties, the four wire rings must be installed on the top bars. Twisting of the ties must be done with a mounting crowbar (500–600 mm long) so that the hole from the crowbar is located between two boxes, in order to avoid breakage of the boxes. Ties and rings are made of wire 6-0-4 GOST 3282–74 in 6 threads (3 full turns).
Place the package with products using a load-handling device directly on the floor of the mobile frame in accordance with the placement and fastening diagram. The package is secured to the movable frame using cable braces, wire rings and eye bolts placed on the movable frame of the car. The tension screw of the cable tensioner, after tensioning the cable, must be locked with a safety wire with a diameter of 0.8–1.9 mm.
Components and spare parts for products are placed in a free space of the mobile frame, convenient for fastening. Linking and fastenings are made using wire 6–0–4 GOST 3282–74.
The maximum number of 9YA694 boxes with missiles in a package is 24.
The maximum number of packages placed on the mobile frame of the 9T610 car is 8.
For transportation by water transport in holds and tween-decks (English tween-deck - inter-deck space on a ship: from between - between and deck - deck) of sea vessels, boxes with elements of the complex are stacked in a stack no more than 10 boxes high with mandatory bracing of the stack and without stacking additional loads on it.
It is allowed to stack a height of 7 boxes with obligatory bracing. In this case, other compatible loads may be placed on top of the stack, provided that the load created by other loads on each stack does not exceed 200 kg.
When transported by air, MANPADS elements are loaded into the cargo compartment of the aircraft manually. The design of the products in a box ensures that the requirements of air transportation are met. The boxes are kept from mutual movement in the transverse direction (perpendicular to the axis) of the aircraft by straps located on the bottom and lid of the box. Before loading, a sheet of plywood 300–500 mm wide and 8–10 mm thick is laid on the floor of the cargo compartment under the slats of the box. When tying boxes with a cable, install shims in places where the cable is bent to ensure a bend radius of the cable of at least 30 mm. To secure cargo in the cargo compartment, the equipment available on board the aircraft is used.
When moving MANPADS elements by road, all restrictions are imposed, in addition, the maximum transportation distance from maximum speed for a given vehicle and type of road, it is limited to 5000 km. The distance for transporting missiles and PM must be recorded in the forms. The boxes are packed tightly, securely secured against movement in the car body using improvised means and covered with a tarpaulin. Transportation together with rockets in closures is allowed required quantity PM and PEP in standard boxes.
Prohibited stack boxes with rockets higher than the side of the car by more than half the height of the drawer.
The complex can be stored by troops in unheated or heated storage facilities, as well as in field conditions in open areas under a canopy. At the same time, the safety and constant combat readiness of the complex depend on timely and high-quality maintenance and routine maintenance.
During storage, the elements of the complex are placed in standard closures that ensure tightness. Boxes are stacked high no more than 10 rows.
Two types of storage are installed for the elements of the complex:
1. Short term(for a period of one month to one year). The volume and frequency of maintenance and routine maintenance are the same as during operation.
2. Long-term(for a period of more than 1 year).
Maintenance and routine maintenance are carried out at the following intervals:
Maintenance No. 1 carried out on 100% of products once every 2 years in unheated (heated) rooms, field conditions (under a canopy);
routine maintenance carried out on 10% of products when stored indoors and on 50% of products when stored in field conditions once every 2 years. If defects are detected, 100% of products are inspected.
When sending missiles and PM from the base to military units, 100% of them are checked in full, if more than 1 year has passed since the last check.
When missiles and PMs arrive from the base to military units, work is carried out on them to the extent of routine maintenance.
The following repair methods are distinguished: individual, aggregate and mixed.
The individual repair method consists in the fact that units, assemblies and parts removed from a machine are not depersonalized, but after disassembly, defect detection, repair, assembly and testing, they are installed on the same machine.
The individual repair method has the following disadvantages:
- · long machine downtime for repair;
- · simultaneous repair of machine components and the machine as a whole complicates repair work;
- · required a large number of equipment, highly qualified specialists and their narrow specialization.
The aggregate method of repair consists in the fact that faulty units and components removed from the machine are replaced with new ones or previously repaired ones. With the aggregate method, the downtime of a machine for repair is determined by the time required to replace faulty units and to perform fitting, adjustment and welding work. With this method it is achieved high quality repairs require fewer highly qualified specialists than with the individual method. However, the aggregate repair method requires the availability of an exchange fund of new or repaired units and components.
Mixed repair method - consists in the fact that machine repair is carried out using both new and repaired units, components and parts.
In the army, the main method is the aggregate method. In repair parts and divisions, a stock of repaired units and mechanisms is created, which is a working capital that ensures uninterrupted operation. The revolving fund norms are established by the HEAD.
Methods for repairing military vehicles
There are two repair methods - continuous and dead-end.
With the flow method of machine repair, the technological process is divided into separate operations or groups of operations performed by the same specialists.
The production flow in this case is ensured either by the movement of machines, or by the transition of the team from one machine to another. The continuous repair method is used, as a rule, at stationary and mobile repair plants for the overhaul of machines and units.
With the dead-end repair method, the same repair team performs all repair operations on the vehicle from start to finish, with the exception of special ones (for repairing weapons, communications equipment). With this method of repair, the machine is at the workplace of this team from the beginning to the end of the repair. In military repair units and units, a dead-end method of repairing vehicles is used.
Warranty and overhaul periods
For automotive vehicles produced by industrial plants, as well as those that have undergone major repairs, warranty and overhaul periods are established.
The warranty period is the period during which the plant guarantees the normal operation of the units and the machine as a whole when using spare parts for the machine and following the established operating rules.
During the warranty period, manufacturing plants are obliged to recognize as legitimate the claims of military units for poor-quality manufacturing or repairs in cases where accidents or machine breakdowns were actually due to production fault. Such claims against factories are made through claims acts. The warranty period for new cars is established by government decree, for those overhauled - by order of the head of the Main Automobile Directorate (GLAVTU).
The warranty period for the operation of the machine (unit) is indicated in the machine's passport. If a machine (unit) breaks down due to the fault of production before the expiration of the warranty period, then the machine is repaired at the expense of the plant or by the plant.
The service life between repairs is determined by the established minimum period of operation of the machine in kilometers before the next average or major overhaul. The time between repairs is set by the head of the Main Technical Directorate based on the experience of operating this brand of vehicle in the army.
Sending for repairs machines that have not completed the established time between repairs is permitted only after investigating the reasons for the shortfall in time between repairs and obtaining permission from the senior manager.
In peacetime conditions, military repairs are carried out, as a rule, in stationary military repair units in accordance with monthly work plans or in field conditions using mobile maintenance and repair equipment.
High quality and efficiency of repairs are ensured by:
planning the operation and repair of military equipment in a military unit;
clear planning of the work of repair departments;
advance preparation of repair units (technological equipment, documentation, spare parts, specialists);
proper organization of the repair process;
constant quality control of work performed and adherence to technological discipline;
improvement of the technological process, labor organization, and advanced training of personnel of repair units.
To carry out routine repairs, military equipment is handed over to the repair authorities of units or formations using the forces and means of the unit. The submitted samples of military equipment must be checked for safety, completeness with the necessary property, accessories, instrumentation for performing work and monitoring the technical condition after repairs.
In a repair unit, parts of the military equipment for repair are handed over by the unit commander (crew chief) to the commander of the repair unit (commander of a repair company, repair platoon, head of the regulations and repair department) against a signature in the book of records of material assets issued for temporary use of the unit handing over the military equipment for repair. The delivery is carried out on the basis of a schedule for carrying out work on the maintenance and repair of weapons or by order of the head of the RAV service, the deputy commander of the unit for weapons.
The commander of the repair unit is responsible for storing military equipment during the period of their repair in the RO.
The technological sequence, operating procedure and repair methods for specific samples of military equipment are given in the operational documentation and private repair manuals for these products.
Typically, when repairing electrical equipment, the repair technology is as follows:
defect detection of the sample in assembled form and in the volume necessary to find the required block, assembly, part;
dismantling of faulty elements (blocks, assemblies, parts) from the sample;
dismantling of faulty elements and their defect detection;
restoration, replacement of faulty elements, adjustment (tuning) if necessary;
general assembly of the sample (component), testing after repair;
filling out documentation.
Malfunctions identified during the defect detection process are recorded in the electrical equipment repair record book, which is located in the repair department. The spare parts, operating and other materials spent on repairs are also recorded there. A record of the completed repair work on this sample of the equipment is made in the form for the sample of the equipment.
The issuance of repaired military equipment is carried out from the repair unit of the unit by the commander of the repair unit and is documented with the signatures of the receiver in the repair unit's military equipment repair accounting book and in the accounting book of material assets issued for temporary use by the unit that handed over the military equipment for repair.
When accepting the equipment from repair, the receiver is obliged to check the quality of the repair, check the replaced elements against the equipment accounting and repair book, and the correctness of filling out the form for a sample of the equipment.
To hand over military equipment for repair to the repair authorities of the formation (association), the RAV service of the formation (association) issues a work order based on the technical condition reports submitted by the military unit. The repair order specifies the name, quantity, numbers of the submitted samples of the equipment, the type of repair, and the deadline for completing the work. In this case, the delivery for repair is formalized by the signature of the commander of the repair body in the repair order or a technical condition report, one copy of which remains with the deliverer.
The issuance of electrical equipment from the repair body of the connection (association) is documented by the signatures of the deliverer in the repair order and the accounting book for the repair of electrical equipment of the repair agency.
The above procedure for registering the delivery and acceptance of a sample of electrical equipment may not be followed if the repair is carried out in the presence and with the participation of the calculation. But in this case, it is mandatory to register and sign in the book for accounting for repairs of electrical equipment.
During combat operations, military equipment is accepted for repair on the basis of an oral order from the head of the RAV service, the deputy commander of the unit for armaments, and is documented in a document in a free form. In some cases, the commander of a repair unit can accept military equipment for repairs on his own with a subsequent report to the head of the service, the deputy commander of the armament.
The electrical equipment is handed over for major repairs after the established service life or service life has been exhausted.
The basis for handing over (accepting) weapons for major (medium) repair is an order issued by the RAV (AT, BT) service of the military district.
The basis for issuing orders is the repair plan (order) sent to the RAV (AT, BT) service of the military district.
The order specifies: the recipient and delivery person of the weapons, the quantity and timing of sending weapons for repair, the order of dispatch, requirements for the technical condition of weapons and equipment, instructions for sending after repair. In some cases, the numbers of products (emergency and temporarily out of order) that are subject to restoration by decision of the command may be indicated.
The equipment of automation systems for command posts, radio engineering units and formations is sent for repair on orders from the heads of automated control systems departments, heads of communications departments and air defense automated control systems of military districts.
Service communications equipment included in the weapon set are sent for repair to the repair enterprises of the communications troops according to preliminary applications submitted through the chiefs of the communications troops and military districts.
The first copy of the order is sent to the enterprise and is the basis for accepting weapons for repair and returning (issuing) them after repair. The second and third copies of the order with the complete list of the product submitted for repair are sent to the sending unit of the weapon and are the basis for removing it from combat readiness and sending it for repair.
The third copy of the completed order is returned to the approving authority that issued the order. This copy of the order remains on file with the approving authority.
The preparation of weapons for sending for major (medium) repairs according to the orders of the supplying authority is carried out by the military unit. The unit commander is responsible for the completeness and quality of training. The readiness of weapons to be sent for repair is checked by a commission appointed by the unit commander.
When checking the technical condition of weapons, attention is paid to the following:
compliance of the weapons completeness with the equipment lists;
compliance of the numbers of units, power units and other components of weapons with the entries in the forms (passports);
availability and correctness of entries in forms (passports) about the category of weapons, their operating time, changes in operational documentation. In case of replacement of individual units or power units in the weapon set, these entries in the forms (passports) are certified by the signature of the responsible person and sealed with the seal of the military unit.
Based on the results of the inspection, the commission is:
certificate of technical condition for the transfer of this type of weapon to a lower category (except for the fifth);
an act of technical condition and completeness of the mobility aids (base vehicles) on which the weapons are mounted (drawn up with the mandatory participation of a representative of the automobile or armored service of the unit). The acts are subject to approval by the commander of the formation (unit).
Approved certificates of technical condition (one copy separately for weapons and means of mobility (base vehicles) are sent to the services of the military district. In addition, these acts are sent (or sent together with weapons) to the enterprise. The work of the commission for checking the technical condition of weapons should be completed no later than 10 days before the shipment of weapons.
Weapons prepared for shipment for major (medium) repairs are sealed with the seal of the chairman of the commission and deposited until dispatch.
Control over the quality of preparation (technical condition, completeness, execution of accompanying, operational documentation, etc.) and timely dispatch of weapons by the military unit for major (medium) repairs is carried out by the corresponding service of the military district.
The weapons should arrive at the enterprise in the first ten days of the planned month.
Weapons sent for repair are not deregistered from the military unit's register unless this is specified in the order.
In the executive order, a note is made with the signature of the deputy commander of the unit for armament about the completeness of the armament according to the list of completeness of the product submitted for repair.
Weapons subject to major (medium) repair must be of the appropriate category. The category of weapons is indicated in its form (passport).
The weapon must be assembled and transportable. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure safe and reliable transportation of weapons by rail (road) transport and under their own power. All Assembly units, instruments, parts, boxes with documentation must be secured as provided for by the design of the weapon, with the exception of individual units, racks, blocks and instrumentation, which, according to the conditions of their transportation, are dismantled in accordance with the requirements of the operational documentation. In this case, units, racks, blocks and instrumentation must be transported complete with the products.
Weapons sent for repair must be:
fully equipped with all blocks, assembly units (serviceable and faulty) and other accessories according to the form (passport), with the exception of spare parts and other auxiliary equipment not specified in the list of completeness of the product submitted for repair, as well as operational documentation;
modified with changes to the operational documentation, all modifications must be recorded in the form (passport);
covered with standard covers or packed in containers in accordance with the requirements of the operational documentation;
unloaded, explosion-proof, which must be confirmed by entries in the forms (passports), sending unloaded weapons or ammunition with weapons for repair is strictly prohibited;
without fuel and freezing liquid (for power units);
without freezing liquids (mobility aids and base machines);
subjected (if necessary) to decontamination, degassing, disinfection;
equipped with serviceable, charged and sealed fire extinguishers.
If a list of completeness of a product submitted for repair has not been developed, then the weapons submitted for major (medium) repairs and subject to return to the same military unit must be equipped only with those items of a single set of spare parts and accessories that are necessary during transportation, work and testing of weapons after repair, taking into account the implementation of safety measures. The actual completeness of the spare parts and accessories in this case is recorded in the acceptance certificate.
When sending weapons for repair, it is prohibited:
dismantle weapons;
replace serviceable assembly units, parts and portable instrumentation with faulty ones that are not installed on this weapon in accordance with the form (passport);
render mobility aids or combat vehicles inoperable;
enter unspecified information into the form (passport, acts).
The completeness of weapons handed over for repair without their subsequent return to the military unit that is the deliverer is indicated in the repair order.
Weapons that are to be returned after repair to the same military unit are not equipped with the following when submitted for repair:
personnel communications equipment (radio stations, telephone switches, headphones, microtelephone headsets, telephone cables, etc.);
engineering property (entrenching tools, camouflage means, etc.).
Base vehicles and means of mobility on which the weapons to be submitted for repair are mounted must be in good working order, serviced to the extent of TO-2 and complete with equipment and documentation, with the exception of driving and entrenching tools, insulating hoods, cross-country ability, night vision devices, and portable decontamination equipment. and camouflage.
It is allowed to send (hand over) weapons for major (medium) repairs on faulty means of mobility. In this case, vehicles must meet the requirements technical specifications for delivery of vehicles for repair (release from repair) in accordance with Order of the Ministry of Defense No. 210-1980.
Separate racks, blocks, instrumentation and operational documentation are packaged in standard containers or packaging and transport boxes, ensuring the safety of instruments, equipment and documentation under any meteorological conditions. Non-standard boxes are edged with soft metal packaging tape and sealed by the sender. For each box with instrumentation, documentation and equipment, a packing list is filled out in two copies. One copy of the packing list is placed in the box, the other remains with the sender. The necessary safety inscriptions and signs are applied to the side walls and lids of the box.
Operational (secret) documentation is sent to enterprises no later than ten days before the shipment of weapons. The forwarding of secret operational documentation and individual secret blocks is carried out in accordance with the established procedure.
Non-secret documentation is sent to the enterprise along with the weapons.
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