Professional standard of organization management. Professional standard for a manager. Functions of the Executive Director

II. Description of labor functions included in the professional standard
(functional map of the type of professional activity)

Innovations in Russian legislation regarding the formation of professional standards make it possible to simplify the procedure for selecting candidates for specific positions. In particular, professional standards for managers are designed to form necessary list requirements for managers in the form of knowledge and skills that will allow them to competently manage the labor process.

Characteristics of professional standards

Based on Art. 195 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, a professional standard is a specialized standard that includes a list of necessary professional characteristics on the basis of which an employee will be able to perform the labor functions assigned to him while occupying a specific position.

This segment of legislation began to be developed back in 2013. However, the standards were regularly adjusted and modified, which led to their final implementation only in 2016.

Since 2016 a number government agencies, as well as the positions indicated in the document, must be guided by the professional standard for a specific industry in their activities.

For commercial organizations professional standards are advisory in nature. They can be used to compile job descriptions or business agreements with employees. At the same time, it is legal to draw up local standards based on the original text of the standard. To do this, it is necessary to involve a professional lawyer or the manager to do this independently. The main requirement is the consistency of the generated document with labor legislation and the provisions of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation.

The scope of application of such documents is the labor activity of employees of the organization. The text of the standard describes the following requirements for an employee:

• the need to have knowledge and skills appropriate to the position;
• compliance with a specific qualification level.

Professional standards are developed based on the industry production activities. Thus, professional standards for directors and subordinates are the same. The main differences lie in the correspondence of the two categories of workers (managers and employees) to different qualification levels. For an ordinary employee, this level will be lower than that of a manager. Among other things, this provision also determines for managers more high requirements to experience, knowledge and education.

Features of the professional standard of a deputy director

It is important to note that there is no separate professional standard for a deputy director. This is due to the fact that such a position largely repeats the same functions and responsibilities as the head of the company. However, a number of standards make reference to substituents. So, since August 2016. the standards that are relevant for deputy managers are the following list:

• Professional standard No. 558 “Procurement specialist”;
• No. 559 “Human Resources Management Specialist”;
• No. 149 “Information Technology Manager”;
• No. 31 “Specialist in technical control of product quality”;
• No. 802 “Quality management specialist in the aircraft industry” and No. 704 “Supply management specialist in the aircraft industry”;
• No. 581 “Head of an organization operating in the field of sports.”

Professional standards for directors of enterprises regulate the activities of both managers and their deputies. For budgetary institutions they are mandatory to use.

All standards suitable for deputy directors are based on a single template, which implies that they have the same structure:

1. Common data. A description of the direction is expected labor activity, as well as possible positions, based on the types of economic sectors regulated by the standard.
2. Functions of workers. A general list is implied functional responsibilities employee, while also indicating the level of qualifications for a specific position. 5-8 are often used qualification levels.
3. Detailed description of the employee's functional responsibilities. This section sets out the education and experience requirements. Thus, for a deputy director, a higher education (bachelor’s degree) is required, as well as work experience of, on average, 3-5 years. The required skills and knowledge are also indicated.
4. Information about the institutions involved in the development of the document.

Features of the professional standard for HR director

Based on Order of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation No. 691-n dated October 6, 2015. The professional standard “Human Resources Management Specialist” was approved. This standard provides for the following positions:

• HR specialists;
• heads of human resources departments.

The main task of the HR director is to ensure an effective labor process to achieve goals in the interests of the enterprise.

The professional standard assumes the following requirements for the HR director:

• at least 5 years of work experience as a manager in a similar field;
• higher education and a certificate in courses of additional training programs.

The main tasks that an HR manager must perform are:

1. Ensuring the functioning of the operational management system by subordinates.
2. Maintaining necessary documentation and reporting on employee management.
3. Providing strategic management to subordinates.

It is also typical for the head of the HR department to perform the following functions:

• establish communication links between employees of the organization;
• implement a personnel management strategy;
• adhere to the rules of etiquette when communicating with colleagues;
• represent the director of the company in various negotiations if necessary;
• maintaining cost estimates for subordinates;
• putting forward their proposals for optimizing the activities of employees.

Features of the professional standard of the general director

Professional standards are created for the industry of labor activity. However, such generalization is not relevant for a profession such as general director. It is impossible to derive universal rules and requirements for managing all economic areas as a whole. Therefore, a separate professional standard for general director does not exist.

An alternative regulating this profession is a list of professional standards for managers in various industries. In particular:

• professional standard for the head of an organization operating in the field of sports;
• for the manager of a construction company;
• for the manager of a hotel chain;
• for the manager of an oil depot, etc.

All professional standards are created according to a single template. Basic information for general directors is contained in the third section of the document, which provides a detailed list of managerial functions. This section contains the following information:

1. Names of positions that fall under the regulations of the standard. The titles you should look for here are “director” or “general manager.”
2. Requirements required for such a position. In particular, information about the required education and experience is disclosed. There is a requirement for directors higher education and advanced training courses, as well as work experience of at least 5 years.
3. Specific responsibilities of a manager. For example, maintaining documentation and drawing up the necessary reports, as well as drawing up programs for optimizing the production process.

To determine whether a manager’s position falls under the regulations of any professional standard, you need to find out the following information:

1. Does the scope of production activity fall under the regulations of professional standards?
2. Does the professional standard, relevant for the field of activity, contain information about the work of the head of the company?
3. Does the manager have any benefits or restrictions from the state?

If the activity is regulated by the regulations of the professional standard, the manager should rely on the provisions of the standard in further work.

Due to the fact that the management of educational organizations should be carried out by employees who have certain knowledge, have the appropriate education and work experience, it was developed at the federal level certain standard.

Currently, the provisions of this standard are mandatory to compliance not only by state educational organizations, but also by private ones.

Standards for educational leaders have begun to be adopted in Russia since 2013.

Initially, such documents were purely advisory in nature and their main function was to determine the criteria for selecting employees for management positions, as well as identifying their compliance.

Currently, the adopted and current standard, by its presence, decides next questions:

1. Determining possible categories of employees who may be considered as applicants for management positions.
2. Revealing educational institutions, managed by employees who do not meet the accepted standard, and taking measures to eliminate such a deficiency.
3. Determination of the main functions that an employee occupying a similar position must perform.
4. Improving the work of all educational institutions existing within the Russian Federation.
5. Contributing to the development of Russian education.
6. Improving controllability in all existing educational institutions, from preschool to higher education.
7. Increasing the rating of education in the Russian Federation by improving the process of training specialists.

Regulatory framework for 2018

According to the currently valid legislative acts, the legal and regulatory framework that provides the basis for developing and establishing standards for managers educational organizations, is Labor Code RF. In particular, it is worth noting such basic formulations:

1. It is permissible to apply national standards to employees holding leadership positions in individual areas and organizations.
2. The requirements and functions for each position reflected in the adopted standards should not contradict the requirements reflected in the qualification reference books.
3. If there are certain restrictions in accordance with the Labor Code of the Russian Federation on the implementation labor responsibilities in management positions, the developed standards cannot contain data on their assumptions.
4. If additional questions or ambiguities arise regarding the content of professional standards related to leadership positions, you must be guided by the data in the qualification reference books.

Professional standard national level, which determines the basic requirements for a leader, has following content:

1. General data and information. This part reflects the name of the type of activity and the main purpose of management in this area. The code classification of positions according to OKZ and OKVED codes is also given.
2. Section called "Functional map". Reflected here general concepts the main tasks performed by the manager, which are deciphered and reflected in more detail later in the text of the document.
3. Detailed characteristics of each function. In this part, each of the previously reflected tasks facing the manager and the functions he performs is disclosed separately.
4. Data on organizations that participated in the development of the professional standard before it was adopted by order of the Ministry of Labor.

Requirements for a manager and his legal status

The basic requirements that a manager must meet are: following:

1. Have a higher education.
2. Complete professional training according to the approved schedule.
3. Carry out additional training according to those approved at the federal level professional programs preparation. The frequency of such actions is set to the minimum possible once every three years (at least).
4. When managing a higher educational institution, have a certain academic degree and title.
5. Have no restrictions on the right to engage in teaching activities.
6. Have prior experience in positions related to teaching or management.

General information about the position

Depending on the organization in which the manager will perform his duties, the requirements for employees may slightly different. In particular, we highlight separately various categories institutions:

• preschool education (kindergartens);
• primary, secondary and basic general, general secondary (schools);
• professional;
• Bachelor's and specialist's degrees;
• master's degree;
• training of highly qualified specialists;
• training prof. character;
• additional for citizens of any age.

The regulations on the professional standard also indicate the possible names of positions that managers can hold:

• rector;
• director;
• manager;
• boss.

Standard includes detailed description functions performed, which are prescribed to the manager depending on the particular institution in which he carries out his work activities. In general, the functions are reduced to the implementation by the general management of ensuring the development of the institution.

Also, the manager is vested with the authority to hire and fire, and has the right to sign and approve all internal documents and orders.

Also, the functions that are required from the head of the organization are:

1. Carrying out direct management of the organization.
2. Taking measures within one’s competence to ensure the development of an educational institution.
3. Management of resources that are part of the institution.
4. Representation of the interests of a specific institution, the head of which is an employee.
5. If necessary, resolving issues with government officials, as well as institutions outside the Russian Federation, if we're talking about about international cooperation.
6. Carrying out functions to ensure the conduct of scientific research, with the exception of schools and kindergartens.

Consequences of non-compliance

Due to the fact that the adopted and currently valid standard is mandatory, it should be noted consequences, which may occur due to the non-compliance of an employee holding a managerial position with the standards and requirements reflected in the document:

1. The Labor Code does not provide for the presence of non-compliance with the standard for their consideration as grounds for termination of the concluded employment contract.
2. If the head of an institution does not have a sufficient level of qualifications acceptable for a particular organization, he may be dismissed. In order to keep a working manager in a position, it is possible to undergo a certain certification.
3. If there are factors that indicate that the manager is not suitable for the position held, the employee may be offered a transfer to another position.

A master class within the framework of this professional standard is presented below.

Professional manager standard is one of several hundred professional standards developed to date in relation to various types work activities and recommended for use by employers. What a manager’s professional standard is and how it can be applied in practice will be discussed in this article.

What is the professional standard of a manager?

In accordance with labor legislation (Articles 195.1, 195.2 and 195.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation), an employee’s qualifications are a complex of the level of knowledge, skills, professional skills and professional awareness of the employee. A professional standard describes the main qualities of a set of data that constitute an employee’s qualifications and are necessary for him to conduct professional activities.

Professional standards for a manager are established by three regulations:

1. Order of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation “On approval of the professional standard “Information Technology Manager”” dated October 13, 2014 No. 716n.
2. By order of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation “On approval of the professional standard “Product Manager in the field of information technologies"" dated November 20, 2014 No. 915n.
3. By Order of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation “On approval of the professional standard “Sales Manager of Information and Communication Systems”” dated October 5, 2015 No. 687n.

These documents have the same structure and consist of the following sections:

• Basic data;
• description of labor functions;
• characteristics of general labor functions;
• information about organizations that have developed professional standards.

Manager qualification levels

Of particular importance for the characteristics of the professional standard are the specialist qualification levels established by Order of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation dated April 12, 2013 No. 148n. For each qualification level, indicators are established consisting of a list of powers, responsibilities, the nature of skills and knowledge, and the defining ways to achieve the level are described. The last provision is of fundamental importance, as it describes the education required to achieve a particular skill level and the required work experience.

Simply put, a manager’s professional standards presuppose the correlation of a certain level of qualifications with the education that a specialist has, and also determine specific requests for the practical experience of a candidate for a position.

In addition to requirements for work experience, professional standards can specify the established conditions for the required education of a specialist. For example, it is necessary to define only higher education or higher or secondary specialized education, supplemented by retraining courses, as necessary.

WITH general description We’ve sorted out the professional standards, now let’s talk about each of the above standards in more detail.

Professional standard for product manager in the field of information technology

This professional standard describes work activity in the form of entrepreneurship in the field of information technology. The stated purpose of this work is to organize the creation, launch of the market, promotion, sale, support and development of information technology products.

The professional standard establishes 4 main labor functions:

1. Supporting the development of the created work. Possible job titles for employees:
   • junior manager;
   • Assistant manager.

   The required qualification level is 4, i.e., secondary vocational education is assumed. There are no work experience requirements.

2. Product management. Possible job titles for specialists:
   • product manager;
   • Development Manager.

   The required qualification level is 5, i.e. it assumes that you have secondary professional education and at least 1 year of experience as a junior manager or assistant.

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3. Management of product range and management team. Suggested job titles:
   • senior manager;
   • senior product development manager;
   • top manager;
   • Lead Development Manager;
   • product line manager.

   Level 6 professional qualification is required, i.e. higher education with a bachelor's degree and work experience as a product manager of 3 years are required.

4. Manage the product suite and product management service. Possible job titles:
   • Product Portfolio Manager;
   • head of department;
   • Product Director.

   The required qualification level is 7. A higher education (master's degree or specialty) and at least 5 years of experience as a senior manager are required.

Professional standard for sales manager of information and communication systems

Order No. 687n defines this type of labor activity as the sale of infocommunication systems (ICS) and/or their parts. The main goal is the implementation and organization of these sales. This professional standard provides for the following main labor functions:

1. Support functions for finding clients, preparing and selling information systems and components. Possible job titles for specialists:
   • assistant or assistant sales manager;
   • department coordinator;
   • Sales Representative.

   The required level of professional qualification is 5. Secondary vocational education without work experience is required.

2. Sale of standard solutions for ICS and their components. Positions may be called:
   • Sales Manager;
   • IT salesperson;
   • department specialist;
   • Development Manager;
   • project manager;
   • tender manager.

   The required qualification level is 6, i.e., higher education (bachelor's degree) or secondary vocational education and additional retraining programs are required. Practical experience must be represented by working in the field of selling a high-tech product for at least six months.

3. Sale of atypical and complex ICS solutions. Possible job titles:
   • ICS sales manager;
   • client manager;
   • lead salesperson;
   • ICT project manager.

   In this case, the level of qualifications and, accordingly, education is assumed to be the same as for the previous job function, with the only difference being that at least 1 year of experience in the specialty is required.

4. Sales of ICS (components) to the main customers and management of the working group for conducting the transaction. Suggested job titles:
   • leading or senior manager;
   • Key account manager;
   • Department head.

   Level 7 qualification required, i.e. higher education (master's degree/specialty degree) and additional courses advanced training. Work experience - from 1 year in specialty.

5. Sales management, establishing sales policy in the field of information technology. This function can be performed by department heads or sales directors. At the same time, the requirements for specialists are the same as in the previous function, with an increase in the required work experience to a minimum of 2 years.
6. Control commercial activities company, formation of ICS sales strategy. The function can be performed by:
   • Director of Sales;
   • Commercial Director;
   • Vice President

   This requires level 8 qualification, which is characterized by the same education as for level 7, with work experience of at least 3 years in the declared field.

Professional standard for information technology manager

Order No. 716n names the type of professional activity of the specified specialist as information technology in economics and public administration. The main goal of this type of implementation is stated to be the management of the provision, use and development of information technologies (IT).

The professional standard provides for 4 labor functions:

1. IT resource management. Possible job titles:<
   • head of the computer center;
   • Head of Software Department;
   • Head of Infrastructure Coordination Department;
   • Head of the Database Administration Group.

   Level 6 qualification is required, i.e. higher education (master's degree/specialist degree) with a recommendation for advanced training in various management programs. In addition, more than a year of management experience in the IT field is required.

2. IT service management. The function is performed by:
   • Head of User Support Department;
   • service center manager;
   • customer service director.

   These specialists require level 7 qualifications: higher education (master's degree/specialist degree) with a recommendation for advanced training in programs of a service approach to IT management. The required experience is at least 2 years of experience as an IT service manager or 3 years in the IT field interacting with customers and users.

3. Information environment management. Suggested job titles:
   • IT Director;
   • Director of the IT Department;
   • Deputy General Director;
   • head of information service.

   These employees must meet qualification level 8, that is, have a higher education (master’s degree or specialty) with a recommendation to improve their qualifications in IT management, economics and management programs. The required experience requires more than 5 years of experience in the IT field at lower positions or work as an information environment management manager for at least 2 years.

4. IT innovation management. The function is performed by:
   • Director of IT and Innovation;
   • Deputy General Director for Innovation;
   • Deputy General Director for Development.

   These specialists need highest level qualifications - 9, which involves higher education at the master's or specialist level with a recommendation for obtaining a second higher education in economics or strategic management and advanced training programs strategic management And innovation activity. Practical experience must be at least 7 years of experience in the IT field at lower positions or more than 3 years in the position of innovation management manager.

Application of the manager's professional standard in practice

From a practical point of view, for the most part, professional standards received only a recommendatory purpose for employers, since labor legislation established the obligation to strictly follow the provisions of these documents only in limited cases. In such cases, according to Art. 195.3 TC, include:

• situations where the relevant requirements for the qualifications required by the employee are established by labor or other legislation;
• cases when work in a certain position is the basis for the provision of various benefits.

All professional standards for managers discussed in the article are advisory in nature and cannot serve as a basis for dismissing an employee who does not meet the conditions of the standards. If there is a discrepancy, the employer has the right only to provide the employee with training or retraining.

« Profstandart General Director“- such a search query began to be entered quite often on the Internet after July 2016. And indeed, suddenly, among the numerous professional standards that have become mandatory for use, there is one that concerns the head of an LLC? Let's figure out how things stand with this standard.

Is there a professional standard for the general director of an LLC?

From the very beginning of development, while still being not mandatory, but advisory acts, professional standards were focused on types of professional activity. Actually, that is why they began to be used: a professional standard is a document designed to determine the required level of qualifications and establish the main labor functions of an employee who is engaged in any specific type of activity. So the questions legal form legal entity remain out of sight of the developers of the professional standard.

That is why it is expected to be accepted professional standard of the general director of LLC, relating only to LLCs, but not affecting, say, JSC - at least strange. The only thing that various LLCs have in common is the form in which they are registered. On their own, they can engage in any commercial activity that is not prohibited in Russia, requiring a variety of knowledge and qualifications from the manager.

In this case, perhaps there is a professional standard for a CEO in general? In the end, the professional standard, for example, for an accountant, also does not indicate whether this specialist works in an LLC, JSC or MUP. However, there is a catch here: you cannot manage something in the abstract. A leader must have a qualified understanding of exactly what his organization does, and organizations, as already mentioned, do completely different things. Therefore, such a professional standard does not exist even in the form of a draft.

Where can I find a professional standard for a manager?

But does this mean that the activities of the general director are not covered by standardization at all, and professional standard of the general director does not exist in any form? Not at all. The simple fact is that there is no general standard for any leader - there are a number of private professional standards relating to individual areas of activity.

As of August 2016, the following standards in this area have been adopted and are in force:

• “Head of an organization operating in the field of physical education and sports”;
• “Head of a construction organization”;
• "Head (manager) hotel complex(hotel chains)";
• “Head of a catering enterprise”;
• "Head of an oil depot."

The list is far from complete, since a number of other professional standards stipulate in their text that they also apply to heads of other organizations. For example, the professional standard for an auditor includes an indication of professional features a person who runs an audit company. This company may well be created and registered in the form of an LLC.

Thus, if you require a professional standard regarding the work of the general director of an LLC, you need to take into account what exactly this organization does and then, based on this, look for the necessary document.

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What does the professional standard for the head of an organization include?

Any professional standard, no matter what profession it relates to, always has the same strictly defined structure. This is due to the fact that the development of all documents of this kind is carried out according to a template approved by order of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation No. 147n dated April 12, 2013. Without this template, it would be impossible to compare professional standards with each other - and their very existence could, as a result, be meaningless.

According to the template, any professional standard for the head of an LLC, no matter what it does, will always consist of 4 parts:

1. General information

This section includes service information regarding the document (code, registration number), as well as general information O:

• the name of the type of professional activity to which the professional standard refers (for example: “Management of a hotel complex”);
• the main purpose for which the activity is carried out (in this case, “Ensuring effective activities complex, provision of accommodation and catering services");
• coding of the type of activity according to OKZ (classifier of occupations) and OKVED (classifier of types of activities in the economy).

This section is mainly necessary for correct statistical and tax accounting.

2. Functional map

The second section of the professional standard is a description of the general functions that the director of an LLC must perform in connection with his activities. According to methodological recommendations The Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation understands this term as a set of closely related specific functions in the form in which it developed in a specific process of production or business. In a word, a generalized function is a general direction of activity, which, if necessary, can be specified in detail.

For each of the generalized functions, the director’s professional standard specifies:

• what specific labor functions does it consist of;
• what level of qualification (according to the scale used in professional standards) is required for it; the level (or sublevel) is indicated both for the generalized function as a whole and for each of its constituent simple functions;
• what is its official name.

In fact, this section can really be considered as a kind of professional standard map.

3. Characteristics of labor functions

This is the main section. Here, each of the functions of the LLC director is described in detail, indicating:

• official name;
• possible job titles (this is where you need to look for the words “director”, “manager” or “general director”);
• educational or additional training requirements;
• requirements regarding work experience in the field; for work experience, the professional standards also indicate qualification levels (the same ones that were mentioned in relation to the functional map), therefore, continuing to consider the example of a hotel director, it is impossible, after working as a receptionist for a year, to immediately sit in this chair - you need to at least perform all this time responsibilities of the floor manager;
• specific labor actions performed for each function (even the banal: “Conducting briefings to subordinates”).

4. Professional standard developers

The professional standard ends with a list of organizations involved in its development. The specialists of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation themselves do not prepare professional standards - this is not their responsibility. Specific draft standards are drawn up by specialists from leading educational institutions that train specialists in a particular field, as well as from organizations that are actually involved in such activities.

For which LLC directors is the professional standard required?

Professional standards are mandatory for all organizations, regardless of their structure or form of ownership. But applicability to a specific specialist (in our case, the general director of an LLC) depends on several circumstances. Therefore, to find out whether the CEO should be guided by professional standards in relation to himself, you need to use the following algorithm:

1. Determine whether accepted professional standards apply in the field of activity carried out by the LLC.
2. Determine whether the law establishes specific qualification requirements for the head of this organization.
3. Determine whether there are any benefits for him or, on the contrary, restrictions from the state.

Only after this can we talk about whether professional standards will apply to the general director of this particular LLC.

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