On January 7 of this year, MK published the material “Why the counterintelligence major was killed.” It, with reference to FSK employees, said that Major Viktor Tolstenev, who died in October 1991, “had materials regarding the preliminary agreement of D. Dudayev with E. Gaidar, V. Shumeiko, P. Grachev on the transfer of fuel and lubricants warehouses, weapons located on the territory Chechen Republic, under the jurisdiction of Dudayev's entourage."
Yegor Gaidar, in his message, denied the information contained in the note - at least as far as it concerned him personally. He "sadly noted the degradation of the art of political provocation, for which both the KGB and its successors were so famous." Mr. Gaidar also expressed regret that “trash and sloppiness can, it turns out, penetrate beyond the Lubyanka walls.”
Commenting on the speech of a major politician, an employee of the MK editorial office suggested that federal Service counterintelligence would like to present the case as if Yegor Gaidar was personally involved in the fact that ammunition and weapons warehouses of the North Caucasus District remained in Chechnya.
In an address to Gaidar, the head of the Central Election Commission of the Federal Grid Company, Alexander Mikhailov, expressed amazement at both publications in the youth newspaper. He provided some details regarding the material “Why the counterintelligence major was killed.” On January 7, the FSK COS handed over documents to MK employee Sergei Yastrebov about the circumstances of the death of Major Tolstenev, where “the witness talks about the arrest of the officer, the abuse of him, and then the murder.” The document emphasizes that there is no information about Tolstenev’s activities in searching for those responsible for transferring weapons to Dudayev. Viktor Tolstenev, notes Mr. Mikhailov, “due to his official position, he never dealt with these or other problems mentioned in the note and could not have information about them.”
Alexander Mikhailov shared Yegor Gaidar’s indignation, but suggested to his former and... O. the Prime Minister to forward them to a well-known publication. As for the MK employee’s version that the FSK intends to link Gaidar’s name with leaving weapons in Chechnya, the head of the DSP categorically denied this.

ALEXANDER Kommersant-IGOREV

Head of the Public Relations Center (later head of the Assistance Programs Directorate) of the FSB Alexander Zdanovich

The participation of the head of the FSB Public Relations Center (later the head of the FSB Assistance Programs Directorate), General Alexander Zdanovich, in disseminating information about the events in Chechnya in the first months of the second campaign was minimal. His role is noted as significant, especially in public accusations against journalists. On December 16, 1999, he said that reports from the AP and Reuters news agencies about the deaths of several dozen Russian soldiers and officers “are part of a political plan to denigrate Russia.” “It is absolutely clear that these ‘news reports’ indicate that foreign intelligence services are conducting an active operation using correspondents,” Zdanovich said.

The role of the FSB in the dissemination of information was limited to ensuring that the Russian press participated in some “information sabotage” aimed at discrediting the Chechen separatists. As a rule, information disseminated by the FSB was later refuted by journalists or not confirmed by events. For example, on September 5, 2000, the RosBusinessConsulting agency, with reference to the FSB board for the Chechen Republic, reported that “the international terrorist Khattab, according to operational data, left the territory of Chechnya and went to Tajikistan to participate in military operations in Central Asia. According to the source, Khattab came to the conclusion that there was no prospect of continuing the militants’ struggle against federal forces.”

• On March 29, 2001, the KM-Novosti agency, with reference to the Russian FSB, reported that “an explosive device was discovered on a section of the Caucasus federal highway near the village of Dzhalka not far from Gudermes. It consisted of 10 land mines connected into one detonation chain. FSB officers note that a large group of foreign journalists was supposed to pass through this section today.”
• On April 30, 2001, the NTV television company showed in a news release a story about how a 30-year-old Chechen appeared at the FSB department of the Voronezh region, “confessing” to collaborating with French intelligence under the “code name “Adventurer.” The story does not name the “agent”, but it is mentioned that he is a Chechen and worked as a press secretary former chairman Supreme Council of Russia Ruslan Khasbulatov.
• On August 10, 2001, the Interfax agency reported about a certain agreement between the FSB of Russia and representatives of leading Russian media “on cooperation in covering the actions of the special services.” The meeting was organized by the head of the Assistance Programs Department, Alexander Zdanovich, who “is committed to constructive cooperation with the media.” The message does not name any remedy mass media or the name of any media executive.

Structure of security agencies

Nowadays, talking in the media about the structure of state security agencies, its staff, and the functions of individual departments has become as commonplace as giving advice to gardeners. Whether this is good or bad is not for me to judge. Previously, it was not customary to talk about the structure of the predecessor organs, and the intelligence agencies of the whole world could give a lot for the staffing schedule... Now everyone knows everything “for the sake of it.”

The NKVD of the RSFSR in the period 1917–1930 consisted of the police department - the Central Administrative Directorate (CAU), the fire extinguishing department - the Main Directorate of Public Utilities (TSUKH), and the management of places of detention - GUZM. The NKVD of the USSR was formed on the basis of the OGPU of the USSR, which merged with the NKVD as an independent Main Directorate of State Security (GUGB). The following departments were formed in it: 1st Main Directorate (PGU) - intelligence abroad, 2nd Main Directorate (VGU) - counterintelligence, 3rd Main Directorate - secret political (SP), Main Economic Directorate (GED), Main Transport Department (GTU), Department of Special Departments. The GUGB existed until February 1941, when the People's Commissariat for State Security of the USSR (NKGB USSR) was created on its basis.

In addition to state security, under the auspices of the NKVD of the USSR there were - police, border guards, fire protection, administration for prisoners of war and internees, camps, construction - Glavgidrostroy, Glavpromstroy, Dalstroy, as well as the nuclear industry, mining and metallurgical enterprises, highways and railways, airfields and defensive structures, departments of state survey and cartography, weights and measures, protection of forests, storage of gold reserves and archives, diamond, oil and coal mining, protection of palaces and government dachas, sports society "Dynamo" and "Intourist".

In 1960, the NKVD was liquidated, and its functions were transferred to other ministries and departments.

KGB structure: intelligence - first units, counterintelligence - second (secrecy regime, travel, etc.), third (special departments), fourth (transport), fifth (fight against ideological sabotage), sixth (industry, defense industry). The remaining units were power, technical, operational and economic support; auxiliary - border guards, government communications, cryptographers, decipherers, security, external surveillance, economic, financial, military construction and others.

The decree provided for a reduction in the number of security agencies by 25%. The decree defined the goals, objectives and number of the ministry - 138 thousand people, excluding service personnel. The structure of the MB had nothing in common with the KGB. We got good advisers, professionals: the blow was dealt to the very heart - to his management activities! A headquarters appeared, which from the old links of the former KGB included the Secretariat, the Inspectorate Directorate, the editorial office of the collection “Bulletin of Counterintelligence” (instead of the “Collection of the KGB of the USSR”, where I still remained the editor-in-chief), as well as the Legal Support Service (formerly the legal department), the newly created Center public relations and management apparatus - assistants, consultants, referents.

No one knew what would come out of the ministry being created, what would the infusion of “police blood” into its leadership bring? The hastily appointed leaders did not know, much less the thousands of subordinates who were left behind overnight.

Bakatin had five deputies - A. A. Oleinikov (first deputy), N. A. Sham (from the 6th KGB Directorate), F. A. Myasnikov (from the KGB Inspectorate Directorate), N. S. Stolyarov (teacher at the Air Force Academy Zhukovsky, a famous democrat), S. A. Orlov. After Bakatin left, only the unsinkable Oleynikov remained in the apparatus.

True, an offer was made to Nikolai Alekseevich Sham to remain in the team, but he refused for health reasons. Fyodor Alekseevich Myasnikov headed the Russian representative office in Israel. Stanislav Aleksandrovich Orlov said that he would rest, and was actively engaged in the development of the newly received dacha land plot.

The former first head of the Russian AFB, Viktor Valentinovich Ivanenko, did not fit into Yeltsin’s team, and became vice-president of the oil company YUKOS: he arrived in Moscow at one time from the oil industry of Tyumen.

Employees are tired of constant tugging and reassignment. There are even record holders who have changed up to a dozen positions in six months. Most of the employees were out of state for a long time. As soon as the order to form a unit appears and a leader is appointed, everything is abolished by presidential decree, and you start all over again.

I remember with trembling how the tug-of-war was fought over the right to own the former KGB Collection. I, as an editor, stated that a professional KGB press organ should be subordinate to Ivanenko at the AFB. This is reasonable - Russia and its security agency really exist, the Bakatin department without the USSR is a fiction. The premises in which the editorial office of the Collection was located were transferred to the AFB, and I, despite the entreaties of the then head of the Inspectorate I.A. Mezhakov to “surrender” to Bakatin, refused to move to the territory of the FSB. I had the moral support of Viktor Ivanenko, his assistant Andrei Przhezdomsky, and the editorial team. Nevertheless, the proud Bakatin would not have forgiven me for this trick if he himself had not been fired soon.

So, from two structures (MSB and AFB), the MB was finally created, headed by Barannikov, who came from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and with him came new team. The deputy ministers were:

Oleynikov Anatoly Avvakumovich (first deputy) - a former senior inspector of the Inspectorate Department of the KGB of the USSR, supervised the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR, in other words, a liaison officer with the Ministry of Internal Affairs, he often visited Barannikov with various KGB papers. Before transferring to the Inspectorate Department, he worked as the head of the KGB for the Perm region.

Golushko Nikolai Mikhailovich, retired head of the KGB of Ukraine (previously - head of the department for combating nationalism in the 5th directorate), nominee former first Deputy Chairman of the KGB of the USSR, patriarch of state security units for combating ideological sabotage of the enemy, Army General F.D. Bobkov.

Frolov Vasily Alekseevich (deputy for personnel), yesterday's chief of police in Sverdlovsk.

Bykov Andrey Petrovich, former boss Operational and technical management (OTU).

Miroshnik Viktor Mikhailovich is the chief of staff of the MB (as deputy minister), and his first deputy, Major General Stanislav Pavlovich Pyatakov, was transferred to the Center from the post of chief of the KGB of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic.

Other less colorful figures whose names will go down in the history of the Russian security service with the addition of “pioneers” and “pioneers.”

Be that as it may, by the opening of the three-day meeting-seminar on the occasion of the creation of the Ministry of State Security, the heads of the main departments had already been named. Among those appointed to new positions in the departments and independent divisions of the new MB were:

Bondarenko Vladimir Aleksandrovich – head of the minister’s administration, lieutenant general (from the Ministry of Internal Affairs).

Evgeniy Ivanovich Izotov – head of the secretariat.

Chernenko Andrey Grigorievich is the head of the Public Relations Center of the Moscow Bank, a journalist, yesterday the head of the Central Security Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and the famous detective of the Moscow Criminal Investigation Department, Major General Alexander Ivanovich Gurov, was appointed his first deputy.

Ksenophon Khristoforovich Ippolitov – head of the Information and Analytical Directorate, also deputy chief of staff, former deputy chief High school KGB.

Rastorguev Vladimir Nikiforovich – head of the duty service, major general, former head of the investigative department of the KGB of the USSR.

Klishin Vladimir Aleksandrovich – head of the Counterintelligence Department, Major General of the KGB.

Kamalov V.M. – first deputy.

Molyakov Alexey Alekseevich – head of the Military Counterintelligence Directorate, major general, former head of the Special Department of the Moscow Military District.

Anatoly Ivanovich Tselikovsky – Head of the Department economic security, former head of the KGB for the Murmansk region, major general.

Trofimov Anatoly Vasilyevich – head of the Department for Combating Corruption and Smuggling, former KGB investigator, deputy head of the Moscow KGB.

Kovalenko Gennady Yakovlevich – head of the Department for Combating Terrorism, former head of the BSSR KGB for Minsk and the Minsk region, major general;

Voiko Evgeniy Mikhailovich – head of the Operational and Technical Directorate, former head of the KGB of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Region.

Zorin Viktor Mikhailovich – Head of the Operational Search Directorate, former Deputy Head of the 7th Directorate, Major General.

Lakontsev Viktor Mikhailovich – head of the Inspectorate Department.

Lukonin Yuri Alekseevich – head of the Department of Personnel and Work with Personnel, former KGB personnel officer.

Semenkin Evgeniy Alekseevich – head of the military mobilization department.

Ponomarenko Boris Fedoseevich – head of the Scientific and Technical Department, former deputy. Head of the KGB OTU, Colonel.

Gorshkov Vladimir Nikolaevich – head of the Mobilization and Operational Directorate, former head of the 15th Main Directorate of the KGB of the USSR, lieutenant general.

Nikolay Ivanovich Shchurov – Head of the Financial and Economic Department, Major General.

Morgunov Vladimir Fedorovich – head of the Logistics and Technical Support Department, former KGB KHOZU, rear admiral.

Afonin Aleksey Alekseevich - head of the Military Construction Directorate, he was also its head, lieutenant general of the KGB.

Mikheev Nikolai Mikhailovich – head of the Medical Support Department, colonel of the medical service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

Balashov Sergey Dmitrievich – chief Investigation Department, Major General, former head of the investigative department of the KGB for Moscow and the Moscow region.

Demin Yuri Georgievich – head of the legal support service, colonel.

Klimenko Vladimir Ivanovich – head of the international relations service.

Pronin Anatoly Petrovich – head of service own safety, former KGB investigator, inspector of the Inspectorate for Services of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

Krayushkin Anatoly Afanasyevich – head of the department of registration archival funds, employee of the former 10th department of the KGB.

The author of these lines, Yarovoy Arkady Fedorovich - Chief Editor collection of the MB "Bulletin of Counterintelligence". The collection with the stamp “Top Secret”, as an independent department of the central apparatus, is the successor to the “Collection of the KGB of the USSR” with the same classification of secrecy.

In two years there will be a new reform. Instead of the Ministry of Security (MB), the Federal Counterintelligence Service (FSK) will appear. By presidential decree of January 5, 1994, the regulations and new structure will be approved.

In this structure there will be no “police” headquarters that has not taken root. The Secretariat and the Inspectorate will be restored and will disappear operational management, minister's administration.

The Directorate of Counterintelligence will be renamed the Directorate of Counterintelligence Operations, as if the word “operations” will add effectiveness. By the way, counterintelligence operations are carried out by both military counterintelligence and Economic management, and the Office of Counter-Terrorism.

The Economic Security Directorate was renamed the Economic Counterintelligence Directorate.

Department of Medical Support - to the Medical Department.

We increased the status of the registration department, archival funds and the internal security service, making them Directorates!

As well as the legal support service, which has become a contractual legal department.

The editors of the Counterintelligence Bulletin remained the same.

Some divisions, as we see, have expanded and staff numbers have increased. Others have disappeared. The Office for Combating Corruption and Smuggling has disappeared, and the scale of corruption and smuggling has increased sharply!

Apparently, this management did not suit the highest echelons of power!

The Military Mobilization Department and the Mobilization and Operations Directorate disappeared. But a completely new Directorate for Counterintelligence Support of Strategic Facilities has appeared. There will be many reforms. In the meantime, let's get back to creating the MB...

I have no reason to be happy with the changes that have taken place. But also to be dissatisfied with the appointment of the above comrades to high positions there is no reason. Moreover, of the named 25 heads of line units, only three were “newcomers” from the Ministry of Internal Affairs (Bondarenko, Chernenko and Mikheev). True, the heads of the leading departments in the country, Moscow and St. Petersburg, were not professionals, but especially trusted representatives of the President - Savostyanov and Stepashin.

Subsequently, I often had to communicate with them at work and I must say that both, without appropriate training, without skills and work experience, quickly fit into the state security system, which is rarely possible.

Stepashin was very pedantic and careful in his relationships with people and in working with documents. I remember that after Stepashin’s speech at one meeting, I called him in St. Petersburg.

“The text of your speech is ready for publication without abbreviations or changes,” I told him more out of politeness than out of obligation. How he reacts the first time is how he will behave in the future.

– Be sure to send the text, I’ll take a look...