Customs statistics of foreign economic activity. Customs statistics of foreign trade Customs statistics of imports by code of the commodity nomenclature of foreign trade

This is not the first year that the Customs Service has published publicly available information in database format on the export and import of goods with monthly updates. Not all marketers and analysts are familiar with this service, so we are publishing detailed instructions on how to use this authoritative source of customs statistics. In our work, we use this information to verify various purchased databases of customs statistics.

So, first of all, let’s decide on the structure and format of the statistics obtained.

Information on the import and export of goods is available both for display on the screen and, most importantly, for export to MS Excel. The tables reflect the following parameters:

• Code according to the foreign economic activity product nomenclature
• Importing country (or export destination country)
• Import recipient region (or region in which the exporter is located)
• Month and year of delivery
• Volume of delivery (kilograms or tons and an additional unit of measurement, for example, pieces, for those goods for which it is mandatory to fill in the declaration)
• Cost in dollars (statistical cost)

Consider downloading from the customs database to specific example: what goods are imported to Crimea, which countries are key suppliers for the republic’s enterprises.

On this page http://stat.customs.ru/apex/f?p=201:1:2129202036071261 ::::: select parameters on the “Data Analysis” tab:

Direction of movement - Import ,

Period - Year, Choice, 2015

A country - All,

Then we designate the level of detail of the goods that we want to see. 2-digit HS groups usually mean very large sections in which a whole range of different products are carried. For example, section 70 is “Glass and glass products”, section 07 is “VEGETABLES AND SOME EDIBLE ROOTS AND TUBERS”. Optimal for general analysis of the region are 4-digit groups that give general concept about the type of imported products.

HS level- 4 characters

Federal District - choice, 09-Crimea Federal District

Subject of the Russian Federation in federal district - All

Cost presentation form - million dollars

Weight presentation form - tons

By means of simple transformations we build a pivot table and get the most popular goods Among those imported by total import value in 2015:

HS 2309-Products used for animal feeding

HS 2204-L-Natural grape wines, including fortified ones; grape must, other than that specified in heading 2009

HS 0407-Bird eggs, in shell, fresh, canned or boiled

HS 7010-ШТ-Bottles, bottles, vials, jugs, pots, jars, ampoules and other glass containers for storing, transporting or packaging goods; glass canning jars; glass safety stoppers, plugs, lids and other similar glass products

HS 0702-Fresh or chilled tomatoes

Despite the cooling of relations, Ukraine remains the largest partner in terms of volumes of product imports to Crimea. The most popular goods are products used for animal feeding (HS 2309), grape wines (HS 2204), glass bottles and jars (HS 7010).

The second popular trade partner with Crimea is also its closest neighbor, Turkey (this is based on the results of 2015; the situation will probably change in 2016). The leaders in imports among Turkish goods were tomatoes (HS 0702), citrus fruits (HS 0805) and, oddly enough, eggs (0407).

Other key suppliers of products to Crimea are China with fabrics and bicycles, Germany with bread and confectionery, Italy with yachts and furniture.

A more detailed profile can be obtained by any ten-digit HS code, region or country, depending on the purposes of the study.

If necessary, you need to find out suppliers/buyers, contract prices, delivery terms and other details of import transactions, including data for the last month, on foreign trade.

Other materials

Database "Customs statistics foreign trade Russian Federation" compiled on the basis official reference books customs statistics of the Russian Federation, publishing house of the Federal Customs Service of Russia. Processing of statistical foreign economic data was carried out according to "Unified methodology for maintaining customs statistics of foreign trade and statistics of mutual trade of member states of the Customs Union". The database contains data on trade of the Russian Federation with foreign countries. The database was prepared based on the processing of about 3.0 million annual cargo customs declarations submitted to the customs authorities by participants in foreign economic activities. The search is possible in the context of counterparty countries of the Russian Federation, HS codes and foreign trade transaction regimes. The data is generated indicating the quantitative and cost indicators of foreign economic activity. It is possible to obtain data separately for regions of the Russian Federation. The database contains information for the period from 2005 to 2019.

Attention!

The VVS company DOES NOT PERFORM CUSTOMS CLEARANCE OF GOODS AND DOES NOT CONSULT ON THESE ISSUES.

This article is for informational purposes only!

We provide marketing services on analysis of import and export flows of goods, research commodity markets etc.

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Developing a business plan involves, among other tasks, market research and competitive environment, analysis of the selected niche, collection of statistical data. The main requirements for statistical data are reliability and relevance. What sources can a novice entrepreneur use for analytics? In this article we will explain in detail what customs statistics are and how to use them.

What is customs statistics of foreign trade activities?

Statistics customs authorities quite often used in the work of marketers, development directors and other representatives of top management. Customs statistics provide a fairly complete, objective and reliable picture of export-import operations and other strategically important aspects foreign economic activity our country.

Any exact science begins with the development of methodological foundations of accounting. The methodology of customs statistics and the principles for calculating the main indicators were approved back in the last century - in 1994 (Order of the State Customs Committee of Russia dated April 28, 1994 N 180). The fundamental document is called “On the Methodology of Customs Statistics of Foreign Trade of the Russian Federation.” It is based on the norms of international statistics in the field of trade relations, which are determined by the UN Statistical Commission.

The methodology defines statistical objects, accounting rules, calculation of indicators, as well as general principles formation of customs statistics, determined by the adopted system of accounting for exports and imports in the country.

The activities of customs authorities are not limited only to the control of exports and imports, therefore, customs statistics are divided into two main blocks: statistics foreign economic relations and special customs statistics. The second direction includes information that is not related to trading operations, namely:

Information and statistics on passenger flows- quantity individuals who crossed the Russian border during the reporting period (number of people entering and leaving);

Information about international transport goods and cargo;

Information of operational-search and law enforcement nature– number of criminal cases initiated by customs officials, volume of supplies contraband products, the amount of narcotic substances seized from illicit trafficking, etc.;

Information about currency transactions(currency control statistics), on the import and export of currency values;

Statistics on customs payments broken down by type.

And special customs statistics maintains records of goods that have become state property and ensures control over their transfer to the relevant federal authorities.

In general, it should be recognized that statistics in customs affairs in Russia are organized at a fairly decent level. This fact is confirmed by the regular release of official reference books on foreign trade statistics. However, similar materials are produced in all economically developed countries, which pay special attention to statistics of foreign economic relations.

It is characteristic that today not only government agencies are involved in the production of reference books on foreign trade statistics. At the same time, publications commissioned by private companies are distinguished by more detailed and comprehensive information. The study of such materials allows us to objectively assess the depth and geographical focus of foreign economic relations, the structure of exports and imports, and the degree of integration into the world market.

The customs authorities of the Russian Federation have a complete and constantly updated customs declaration database, which contains detailed information on each cargo customs declaration (date of registration, information about the product, including quantity and value, data of the consignee and sender and other information). This database is the basis for the formation of customs statistics.

Customs statistics of the Russian Federation provide a reliable picture of all commodity items in accordance with the Commodity Nomenclature of Foreign Economic Activity that have passed across the border. Analysis of these data allows us to estimate the volumes of exports and imports, identify emerging trends, and determine short- and medium-term prospects for the development of domestic and foreign markets.

Thus, the study of foreign economic activity statistics is important for the adoption management decisions, choosing a business strategy, assessing the competitiveness of the environment for enterprises that plan to operate or are already operating in the foreign market.

Who needs foreign trade customs statistics and why?

If we think from a business perspective, customs statistics allow us to analyze the structure of foreign trade in value and quantity terms, the price level over time, and outline the main export routes and importing countries.

An experienced analyst, when studying foreign trade statistics, can determine stable market trends for specific product items, identify seasonal fluctuations and make a preliminary forecast about the future prospects of the foreign market.

Customs statistics along with marketing research and other analytical tools allows you to objectively assess the level of competition in the industry and in a specific region, which means effectively managing risks, diversifying your business, and finding new markets.

In what cases is it advisable to study customs statistics of foreign trade activities?

Firstly, when creating a new one manufacturing enterprise planning to sell products on the foreign market.

Secondly , in the process of planning the expansion of the organization By product range and when entering new markets (domestic and foreign).

Third, on development stage marketing strategies to search for new geographic flows for the company's products.

Fourthly, during analysis and assessment of the company’s activities in the foreign market.

Fifthly, in the process of preparing for the implementation of activities related to contacting customs authorities. For example, when providing intermediary services for organizing exports or imports or within the framework of international investment cooperation.

Thus, customs statistics of Russia, the Customs Union and the European Union - effective tool, which gives a comprehensive and objective picture of the market situation, and also allows you to identify the main market players, find partners and suppliers, and determine the prospects of the industry as a whole.

Key tasks of customs statistics for the state and business

Maintaining customs statistics primarily involves performing a number of tasks of national importance:

Obtaining current data on the structure of exports and imports, geography of supplies;

Currency control;

Monitoring the timely receipt of customs payments to the budget;

Providing data for calculating the trade and payments balance of Russia;

Calculation of index indicators (indices of average prices, “conditional trading”, etc.);

Development of a system of indicators used to calculate statistical data, as well as accounting methodology and identification of sources for the formation of initial data;

Timely provision of statistical data and necessary information to the relevant government authorities for objective and qualitative analysis international trade relations and the economic situation in world markets, drawing up forecasts for foreign economic development, as well as for making decisions on issues of foreign trade policy and other aspects of foreign economic activity. Based on the data presented, government agencies also assess the effectiveness of the ongoing foreign economic policy, the effectiveness of measures taken to tariff customs services, and conduct an assessment economic security;

Timely provision of data and reporting to international organizations(World Customs Organization, UN Statistical Commission, Council of Heads of CIS Customs Services) within the framework of concluded agreements on the exchange of statistics;

Following the principle of comparability of statistical data of customs statistics of Russia and its international partners.

Where do customs statistics data come from?

The fundamental source of customs statistics are cargo customs declarations, all information on which is sent to the Federal customs service(FTS). Thus, a single GTE database is obtained. Of course, in its original form, the collected information is unstructured and “raw” and not all the information in this database is commercially interesting. But once you separate the wheat from the chaff, you can conduct a full analysis of the activities of competitors, for example. As a rule, for marketers, foreign trade managers and executives commercial enterprises The following types of data are of interest in the total volume of customs statistics:

Data of consignees and consignors (name and address), as well as actual manufacturers;

Cost of a consignment of goods. It is necessary to distinguish between invoice value (in the contract currency) and statistical value (in US dollars);

Quantity, weight or volume of goods expressed in appropriate units of measurement;

Product product nomenclature code - in accordance with the HS reference book;

Description of the consignment of goods - can be very brief (literally a few words), some customs declarations provide a detailed description indicating technical characteristics, chemical properties, packaging, etc. This is especially important for goods that are complex in composition;

The date the cargo was cleared at the customs post.

Let us also note that statistics take into account this data for each foreign trade transaction.

FCS customs statistics allow you to calculate the average price per unit of goods and determine your contract price. To do this, it is necessary to divide the statistical cost of the cargo by the number of similar goods in the shipment (fruits, cheeses, coffee, building mixtures). Quite often, groups are declared that, although they may have the same HS code, differ in price (for example, shoes, bags, dishes, toys, etc.). But still, among the numerous customs declarations, it is quite possible to find a batch with the same type of goods.

Where official customs statistics are published free of charge

Despite the fact that customs statistics are of obvious commercial interest, information on the structure of exports and imports can be found in the public domain on the official website of the Federal Customs Service. This service will be of particular interest to marketers and managers involved in the generation of statistics and analysis of foreign trade activities.

The statistics of interest can be found in the “Data Analysis” section; you need to select the necessary filters and click on the “Show result” button. A tabular form will appear on the screen, in which the following information is reflected in separate columns:

HS Code;

Importing or exporting country;

The period for which the statistical data was selected;

Statistical cost in dollars (in thousands or millions of dollars - depending on the selected filter);

Volume in kilograms or tons (for certain goods the quantity may be indicated in pieces);

Subject of the Russian Federation is the region in which the consignee or consignor is located.

The service on the official website of customs statistics also allows you to download data into MS Excel.

On the customs statistics website there is detailed instructions for users with a step-by-step description of the system operation.

Of course, processing, structuring, grouping and bringing statistical data into a “readable” form will take a lot of time. It is sometimes easier for interested parties to order a ready-made report for specific requests than to personally understand all the manipulations with tabular forms.

How to analyze customs statistics and select the necessary information

Everyone who has anything to do with customs and foreign economic activity or has at least once looked at reports on customs statistics is familiar with the international classifier of commodity nomenclature (TN FEA). This single directory for all customs posts, which contains about 11 thousand codes for different product categories and subgroups.

It would seem that in order to get the necessary statistics, you just need to find the required code in the classifier. For a reasonable fee, dozens of analytical companies are ready to provide you with a ready-made report on the selected code for any time interval. But it's not that simple. There are nuances that are worth talking about.

The fact is that the nomenclature code does not always exactly match a specific product. In some cases, one code may include several closely related ones. product groups, and then the data sample for the code will be wider than required. In a different scenario, the product can be assigned to different codes, and then sampling just one at a time will not provide complete information.

It is not always possible to immediately determine which code a company’s products belong to.

For example, a company imports quilts; when filling out a customs declaration, the foreign trade manager quite naturally indicates code 9404. But competitors can indicate both this code and another - “Travel blankets and rugs”, code 6301. Both options are correct and there will be no mistake here from the point of view of customs workers. But when analyzing customs statistics, such clarifications can play a big role. If you evaluate the selected market niche for quilts only using code 9404, the data sample will show the same numbers, but if you use two codes (9404 and 6301) in generating customs statistics, the report information will differ significantly.

And you can find quite a lot of such “traps” using the classifier. Besides, no one canceled human factor. Firstly, when filling out a customs declaration, a company may make a mistake in choosing a code, and the customs officer simply may not notice it. Secondly, representatives of the company sending the goods and the customs inspector may have different ideas about the choice of code. For example, a company declares the goods supplied under code 1901 “Finished food products not containing cocoa”, while the customs officer may classify them as category 1704 “ Confectionery made from sugar and not containing cocoa."

The situation is similar for some other nomenclature codes. For example:

Synthetic polyester fabrics can be declared under code 5512 or 5407;

Food for cats and dogs – 230910 and 230990;

Copiers and devices – 8443 and 8472;

If the customs duty rate is the same for the disputed codes, the officer at the customs post may not bother making a choice at all.

But if in such a situation we sample only one code, the statistics will be very far from the real numbers. When we're talking about about a spread of several million dollars, this can no longer be considered an insignificant error.

But not all products are directly and verbatim listed in the directory. For example, you won't find thermal imagers there if you just enter that word in the search form.

Analytics of customs statistics is a responsible matter and must be approached wisely. How to take into account all the above “features” and make the most objective data sample? To do this, we propose a two-step principle for searching for information:

We define a keyword or a list of several words that, according to our assumption, should be in the description of the consignments of goods;

Running words on statistics. If the search is carried out on our own, we mark all deliveries with the selected keywords. When ordering a report on customs statistics from third party organization, it is advisable to determine the list of keywords yourself and provide it to the performer. Of course, an experienced analyst can assess the situation and determine in which cases a “end-to-end” search using keywords is necessary, and when sampling by only one nomenclature code is sufficient. But we still advise you to take an active part in the preliminary discussion and approval of the task with the contractor, because who knows the products better than a company representative?

Of course, you need to be prepared for the fact that the actual data on customs export or import statistics will be far from your expectations. For example, you thought that there were four main players in the market, but according to the report there were twice as many of them. Or you estimated the market volume at 5-7 million dollars, and statistics say that import supplies in the chosen niche exceed 20 million.

To be sure that the ordered report will be meaningful and useful, before paying for the order, request an express report from the contractor on the main indicators of customs statistics. This way you will protect yourself from poorly done work and wasted money. An express report on customs statistics must contain:

Total trade turnover for all supplies;

Total number of deliveries for the requested period;

Number of suppliers and buyers.

The completeness of the description of data in cargo customs declarations also directly affects the selection of statistical data.

Highlighting product characteristics in a statistical report or breaking them down by product type allows you to determine the most in-demand and popular products in a market niche.

The need for a detailed description also depends on the industry to which the production and sale of a particular product belongs. Thus, in the automotive field the list of characteristics is very extensive. For example, a description of a passenger car in a customs declaration includes the car make, model, chassis number, year of manufacture, color, engine type and size, power and other characteristics.

It is no wonder that reports on statistics of imported or exported cars are the most detailed and labor-intensive. After all, any characteristic for each delivery must be entered in a separate column in a tabular form. In analyst parlance, this is called “expanding” the description. The tables themselves are also impressive in volume and have a large number of columns.

Not all industries have such detailed product descriptions. Here are examples of some products that may have wide range characteristics:

In medical equipment commercial interest is in the division by characteristics. For example, X-ray equipment can be different in purpose: machines for computed radiography, mammographs, X-ray therapy machines, etc. Or, for example, inhalers are steam, ultrasonic, compressor;

In mechanical engineering in statistical reports, machines are divided by purpose: turning, milling, drilling. And also with CNC (numerical control) and without CNC;

In the glass container industry When conducting analytics, special attention is paid to the area of ​​product use: bottles for food products and for alcoholic products, glass containers for medicines and medical purposes;

In the construction field you can find a lot of interesting things. Thus, for customers of customs statistics, the division is interesting construction mixture by purpose: putty, plaster, assembly and tile adhesives, decorative plaster, waterproofing compounds, soundproofing dry mixtures, etc.;

In veterinary medicine Of interest is the division of vitamin supplements (premixes) by animal type: for chickens, rabbits, pigs, calves, etc.;

In the fishing industry It is important for customers of statistical reports to know not only the types of products supplied (salmon, mackerel, herring, seafood), but also in what form the goods are delivered: frozen or defrosted, whole carcasses or fish fillets, etc.

From the point of view of statistics and analytics, the worst thing is when one word is written in the “Description” column in the customs declaration, for example, “equipment”. And understanding what kind of equipment this is and for what purposes it is intended is problematic.

It happens that some supplies are declared with a detailed description, and some are declared without indicating characteristic features. In the report on customs statistics, supplies with missing characteristics should be recorded separately. It is advisable to discuss this point with the performer at initial stage works For example, in the analytical part of the report indicate: 9 percent of sheet glass supplies are supplied without indicating its thickness.

Quite often, when filling out a customs declaration, a situation arises when the description of the goods does not fit in the allotted column. In this case, the continuation is transferred to the back of the document. Customs statistics take into account all data from the customs declaration, including those from the reverse sheets. But such “additional” information (and sometimes it contains the most valuable and significant information) is formed into a separate database, and obtaining such statistics will require additional costs from the customer.

If it is possible to compose for your products detailed description, customs statistics should be ordered to include information from the reverse sheets.

How statistics in customs affairs will help determine a promising market niche

Customs import or export statistics are of great importance for multi-industry trade organizations and holdings, the range of which consists of several hundred, or even thousands of items. Studying customs statistics allows you to understand what product categories It is worth emphasizing in the near future which areas are actively developing, and for which types of goods a stable demand has been formed. For example, a company selling equipment for agricultural enterprises, before placing an order from a foreign supplier, should roughly understand what imported equipment is most in demand among buyers: cultivators, plows, mowers, walk-behind tractors?

Companies engaged in foreign economic activity may find it useful to study industry bulletins published by news agencies. Such analytical directories are published, as a rule, once a quarter. The statistics presented in them allow us to estimate industry market in general, to identify structural shifts and catch the main trends.

Thus, the engineering industry newsletter, released on February 17, 2014, allows us to “read” the following information:

1) In 2013, exports of Russian agricultural machinery increased by 14.2% compared to the previous year. Main export direction: Kazakhstan and Belarus;

2) Deliveries have increased significantly:

centrifuges (44.54%);

jet engines (32.68%);

mining equipment (26.05%);

nuclear reactors (20.19%);

3) At the same time, there is a noticeable decrease in export supplies for the following types of products:

spare parts (-15.81%);

special equipment (-7.58%);

internal combustion engines (-7.29%);

4) Regarding statistics on imports of engineering products:

import of passenger cars (-18.6%);

import trucks (-27,6 %).

Every entrepreneur expects to find a market niche with the least level of competition, but at the same time with an emerging trend towards increasing demand. A thoughtful and detailed study customs statistics of export and import.

It is quite logical to assume that a “signal” of growing demand can be an increase in supply volumes from abroad and an increase in production rates. Of course, you need to track all changes in dynamics, excluding seasonal fluctuations in demand.

However, monitoring each nomenclature item in the HS reference book is a rather labor-intensive task. We recommend that you first decide on your industry direction. Next, a simple tabular form is generated (most conveniently in MS Excel), into which all promising product categories are entered in the form of a list of HS codes and import volumes are indicated, broken down by quarter. The increase (or rate of decrease) can be calculated as a percentage. You can find promising areas in almost any industry.

Monitoring market changes is useful not only for newcomers who are just looking at the industry, but also for old players in an actively growing market. To succeed, a company must grow not only relative to its own indicators, but also relative to competitors, for this it is necessary to understand what market share each player occupies. You shouldn’t think that losing part of the market is only possible if demand falls across the entire industry. Quite often this happens - the market is growing at an accelerated pace, but the company, on the contrary, does not show an increase in sales. For example, your company’s turnover in 2015 and 2016 was approximately 1.5 million rubles annually. At the same time, the market volume for 2016, according to official statistics, was 46 million rubles, which is 40% higher than in 2015 (33 million rubles). Obviously, in this situation, you have already lost almost half of your share.

Using customs statistics data in an organization requires studying a large amount of information, which the enterprise often does not have. Therefore, it is worth turning to professionals. The information and analytical company “VVS” is one of those that stood at the origins of the business of processing and adapting market statistics collected by federal departments. The company has 19 years of experience in providing product market statistics as information for strategic decisions, identifying market demand. Main client categories: exporters, importers, manufacturers, participants in commodity markets and B2B services business.

• Commercial vehicles and special equipment;

History of customs statistics

Customs statistics of Russian foreign trade have a rather long development path. It is impossible to unambiguously determine the date of its origin, but in 1693-1694. The first customs books were created, which give a complete and detailed picture of foreign and domestic trade at the end of the 17th century.

Modern customs statistics are part of customs affairs in the Russian Federation (RF), studying and analyzing the quantitative side of phenomena and processes that occur in foreign trade.

Some of the main areas of customs statistics are: operational accounting of customs payments, combating smuggling, currency control, non-trade turnover and tracking violations in the field of customs rules.

Note 1

Customs statistics of foreign trade activities is an important component of the general statistics of Russia.

Objectives and goals of customs statistics

Note 2

The main task of customs statistics is to provide information on how the country’s foreign economic activity is developing. The objects of its accounting are goods and services that make up the country's exports and imports.

The statistics of foreign economic relations include:

• customs statistics,
• service statistics.

In turn, customs statistics are divided into:

1. customs statistics of foreign economic relations,
2. special customs statistics.

The subject of studying customs statistics is statistics of foreign trade, foreign trade turnover in the country, the quantitative ratio of exports and imports in the country in in value terms, including the study of the geography of exports and imports. In other words, customs statistics examine countries of export and import, including possible potential countries. Studying the economic components of other countries can help determine the potential for further cooperation and interaction.

Based on customs statistics, countries are identified whose ties have an unfavorable impact on economic condition countries. Therefore, in the future, based on the analysis of customs statistics, such ties are broken or sanctions are imposed.

Customs control authorities collect and process information about goods moved across the customs border, and publish customs statistics data to provide the highest authorities with the necessary information about the state of Russia's foreign trade, its trade and balance of payments.

Customs statistics are characterized by their own goals that correspond to the assigned tasks. The objectives of customs statistics are:

1. control of federal budget revenues customs duties and taxes,
2. providing higher authorities and other government bodies with the necessary statistical information on the state of foreign trade of the Russian Federation,
3. generation of a report and analysis of the state of the Russian Federation, its balance of payments and the economy as a whole.

Objects of observation are analyzed in customs statistics. The objects of observation in customs statistics are understood as export and imported goods, which the importer or exporter indicates in the Commodity Nomenclature of Foreign Economic Activity, used when declaring goods under a particular customs regime.

The main activity of customs statistics is the analysis of incoming data from customs authorities. In addition to the main activities, the scope of customs statistics includes secondary activities. Customs statistics specialists keep records of the following data:

• information on imported and exported non-monetary gold, silver and other precious metals, which I do not act as a means of payment,
• information about import and export valuable papers, banknotes that are not in circulation,
• accounting for goods that are provided to UN technical support funds or free of charge as gifts or other assistance,
• accounting for sold and purchased bunker fuel, and other food materials for domestic ships, aircraft and cargo transport,
• accounting for goods that are rented for a period of more than one year at full cost, if the calculation is at full cost at the time of import or export of the goods.

Objects for observation are determined by the State Customs Committee. The objects of customs statistics include goods subject to statistical observation and accounting. In addition, this committee determines the procedure and methods for accounting for partner countries with which interaction occurs on issues of import and export. Committee specialists determine the threshold for statistical observation and prescribe a list of mandatory indicators that are taken into account in customs statistics.

Methods for recording customs statistics

The most accurate method in customs statistics is the quantitative method, which most fully reflects the volume of international trade turnover. Quantitative accounting is carried out by net weight.

Definition 1

Net weight is the net weight of the product, which is taken into account without external and internal packaging.

In addition, the statistical evaluation is influenced by the cost estimate. Statistical observations are made on the basis of goods imported and exported from the territory of the state, the customs declaration is analyzed, which indicates detailed information about the product.

The uniqueness of collecting statistical data lies in the fact that when filling out a declaration, digital codes are used, which allow you to automate data recording. Goods are accounted for by the country from which they were delivered. If during the process of exporting or importing the country it was not possible to determine the country, then exports are reflected by the country of sale, imports by the country of purchase, respectively.

Definition 2

The country of sale or purchase is understood as the territory where the organization or company that carried out the sale or purchase of the goods is actually located, regardless of its nationality.

Customs statistics are a very important component for any country. Correct operation of this government agency allows us to further analyze the country’s foreign economic activity.

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