Alexander sviyash what to do when everything. What to do when everything is not the way you want it to be. No special requirements
Echo cold war has not died out to this day. And the expanding geography of military conflicts and armed confrontations simply obliges us to maintain the military-defense system “in good shape.” Russia has always been one of the leading developers and manufacturers of weapons in the world. Sufficient funding, comprehensive government support, and encouragement of research and development make it possible to create new types of weapons. Modern products often have no analogues in the world, and in many respects they surpass foreign models.
Don’t think that the invention and improvement of the legendary Kalash is the only achievement defense complex RF. Yes, this weapon was and is the best-selling weapon in the world, it took part in the greatest number wars (compared to analogues), is in service in many countries around the world. But Russia can boast not only of them... After all, the peace of the Motherland is protected not only by submachine gunners. Therefore, speaking about Russia’s most modern weapons, it is worth mentioning what the various branches of its troops are armed with. So, let's consider in detail what is in the hands of those who protect the borders, the depths of the sea and the peaceful sky above their heads.
Tactical ballistic systems
From the very word “voivode” the enemy begins to tremble. And it’s not surprising - after all, this strategic missile system capable of inflicting damage even on objects located on the neighboring continent. It cannot be called a supernova; it was developed and created by Soviet engineers. But it has not lost its relevance over the years of its existence. Until now, being the most powerful in the world, it has not acquired worthy foreign-made rivals. Overseas colleagues from the Pentagon call him “Satan” (Satan SS-18 Mod.1,2,3). But Russians prefer the affectionately respectful nickname “Tsar Rocket”.
The Iskander and Tochka-U complexes are no less famous. Such modern Russian weapons are designed to destroy enemy military targets that are well fortified and located at a considerable distance.
Anti-tank missile systems
To defeat heavy enemy armor, a powerful tracked tractor is used. It can fire 130-mm Sturm and Ataka missiles, capable of reaching subsonic speeds and penetrating almost any armor.
Its brother with the harmless name “Chrysanthemum” is capable of destroying not only military boats, low-altitude aircraft, engineering structures, but also tanks, both existing and those in future development.
MLRS
Multiple launch rocket systems are designed to engage dispersed enemy personnel, fortifications, fortified firing positions, and lightly armored and unarmored vehicles. MLRS "Grad" (122 mm) and "Smerch" (300 mm) are widespread far beyond Russia.
These installations are in service in the armies of several countries around the world.
Anti-tank guns
The SPT 2S25 self-propelled gun, which has the same power as most 125-mm rockets, hits the target.
The Sprut, a towed cannon even designed for all-round defense, has the same caliber.
Self-propelled guns (mortars)
Among the variety of self-propelled mortars developed and produced by the Russian Federation, the most formidable was and remains the Tulip self-propelled gun. Already discontinued from production, this weapon, affectionately called by artillerymen “SAUshka”, continues to serve faithfully. The 240mm artillery mount can use several types of projectiles, including radio-controlled ones (Daredevil). Today it has no analogues in the world.
Other weapons deserve no less attention: “Nona”, “Hyacinth”, “Peony”. These artillery installations have repeatedly taken part in wars and armed conflicts, where they were able to clearly demonstrate what real Russian strength, modern weapons, and the ability to win are.
Towed mortars and howitzers
Despite the fact that many samples were developed back in the days of the USSR, they are not losing ground even today. The development of technology makes it possible to improve weapons that were 20-30 years old, bringing them to the same level as the latest world developments. For example, the D-30 howitzer was put into service back in the 60s of the last century, but does not lag behind its world analogues today. Special projectiles have been developed for it, which can be controlled using a computer.
120 and 82 mm mortars serve shoulder to shoulder in almost their original form. The improvements only concern the ammunition used for them.
Anti-tank grenade launcher weapons
Russia also includes portable grenade launchers. Several types of 105 mm caliber projectiles are intended for RPGs, including thermobaric and rocket-propelled ones. With the help of this weapon you can even hit newest tanks with cumulative protection. In addition to great destructive power, modern military weapons Russia should be convenient for a fighter. For example, the 2014 model Bur grenade launcher system weighs only 1.5 kg, and its crew consists of one person.
Along with grenade launchers, anti-personnel flamethrowers are also used.
Modern Russian small arms
We can talk endlessly about pistols, machine guns, rifles and machine guns developed in Russia. The true professionals who stood at the origins of the arms business taught their successors for many generations to come to make weapons capable of withstanding maximum loads and faithfully serving the soldier. It’s not for nothing that jokes are so popular among the military that in a Russian swamp you can dig up a three-ruler gun lost in the 40s and successfully win more than one war with it. And it’s not for nothing that the legendary AK enjoys the fame of the most “indestructible” weapon in the world.
But jokes are aside, and yet modern Russian small arms often give a head start to many foreign analogues. First of all, it is worth mentioning the old Kalash man, a new version which - AK-12 - has a number of unique features:
- the ability to be powered by a box or drum magazine for 30/60 and 95 rounds, respectively);
- adjustable reloading handle, making the task easier for left-handed soldiers;
- built-in Picatinny rail;
- standard optics;
- butt that folds in any direction;
- minimal accuracy, reduced recoil.
Three developed in (KORD, Vintorez, SVD) have been among the top ten best in the world for many years.
Many other new developments are also noteworthy. One can truly talk endlessly about the power of Russian weapons...
Quite strange in our age of computer and information technologies that some types of weapons that have been around for many years still do not seem to have solved all their technical problems. It is quite clear that the problems with assault rifles have not yet been solved. Some of them, created in the 90s, were subject to many criticisms, which led to their premature replacement. The first was the licensed Spanish CETME automatic rifle, which was replaced by the German G36, which is currently being replaced again by a new model.
The French army has begun to receive new assault rifles that will replace the FAMAS bullpup rifle, which has been in service since the late 70s. The HK416F rifle, created by the German company Heckler & Koch, was chosen as a replacement (the numbers indicate compatibility with NATO standards with magazines from M4 and M16, the letter F means France). A total of 117,000 rifles will be purchased, and deliveries will take place from 2017 to 2028. Initially, the contract provided for the supply of 102,000 rifles; an increase of 15,000 units was due to the needs of reserve units. About 93,000 rifles are intended for the army, almost 10,000 for ground units of the navy and air force. The contract also includes 10,767 HK269F 40x46mm grenade launchers, accessories, ammunition, spare parts and technical support for 15 years.
The Heckler & Koch HK416 rifle was chosen by France; most of the rifles will go into service with the ground forces
In June 2017, the first two units of the French army received their NK416 rifles, which will replace the current FAMAS bullpup rifle, which has been in service since the late 70s
The Army will receive 5,300 rifles in 2017, then will receive 10,000 rifles per year from 2018 to 2023, with deliveries cut in half in the final five years of the contract. The army's share will make it possible to arm the entire personnel of the combat units of the ground forces, which is 77,000 military personnel, as well as those who are not included in these units, plus personnel of reserve units. The first two army units received the HK416F in June of this year: the 1st Sniper Regiment received a batch of 150 rifles and the 13th Demi-Brigade of the Foreign Legion received a batch of 250 pieces.
Regarding the new elements: compared to the previous FAMAS rifle, the new model has a magazine for 30 rounds versus 25; the HK416F rifle also has a mirror-symmetrical design, that is, it easily adapts to both right-handers and left-handers, which cannot be said about the “clarion” (French horn, unofficial name FAMAS), which was produced in two different options; the butt adapts to the size of the soldier. Four Picatinny rails are mounted on the receiver plate, which allows the installation of additional systems, for example, a 40-mm HK269F under-barrel grenade launcher, also of a double-sided design, a handle with a bipod, optical sights, etc.
FAMAS rifle of the FELIN complex
The HK416F rifle will be produced in two variants: 38,505 units for infantry units will be purchased in the standard HK416F-S version with a 14.5-inch barrel, and the remaining 54,575 units under the designation HK416F-C (Court - shortened) will be equipped with an 11-inch barrel. Currently, most infantry units are armed with the FAMAS FELIN rifle, adapted to the FELIN combat equipment of the French army. In order to preserve the capabilities of the FELIN complex, these units will keep their old assault rifles in service for some time, as the Army plans to release kits to adapt the new rifle to the next phase of the FELIN program around 2020.
The French army plans to modernize a total of 14915 HK416F-S rifles in 2020-2021, work will be carried out at the unit level. At a time determined by the command, the troops will receive new FELIN 2.0 combat equipment, which is a further development of the current system, with a special emphasis on mobility and modularity, as well as weight reduction.
The NK433 rifle, easily adaptable for both right-handed and left-handed people, can be equipped with a 40-mm NK269 under-barrel grenade launcher, also of a “double-sided” design, since it can open to the right or left side
The Heckler & Koch G36 assault rifle, however, is still considered a successful platform. The last known contract was concluded with Lithuania for an improved version of this rifle under the designation G36 KA4M1. Improvements are mainly related to ergonomics: new stock, receiver guard and sight rails. Lithuania also purchased a new NK269 underbarrel grenade launcher of a “double-sided” design. The Lithuanian army has already received a number of G36 rifles; A contract from 2016 worth 12.5 million euros provides for the delivery of a publicly undisclosed number of rifles and grenade launchers in 2017.
Germany has finally decided to replace this G36 assault rifle, which was adopted in the mid-90s. In April 2017, the German Defense Procurement Office opened the System Sturmgewehr Bundeswehr competition. Applications were supposed to be submitted by the end of May, but there was no official information from applicants. The projected number of rifles should be about 120,000; the choice will be made in next year, while production should begin in mid-2019 and run until early 2026, the contract value is estimated at 245 million euros.
Little is known about the requirements for the new rifle: weight without magazine 3.6 kg, two barrels of different lengths, double-sided rifle, barrel life of at least 15,000 rounds, receiver life twice as high as average. Oddly enough, the requirements say nothing about caliber, which allows applicants to offer weapons of both NATO standards, 5.56x45 and 7.62x51, although the first of them is apparently preferable.
The German armed forces' need for a new assault rifle is about 120,000 units. The document doesn't say caliber, but all known contenders will likely focus on 5.56mm
Among the contenders we will undoubtedly find three national solutions offered by Heckler & Koch, Rheinmetall and Haenel. It remains to be seen how many foreign applicants, such as FN and SIG Sauer, may try their luck in this competition, given the overwhelming desire of the German parliament to keep the money in their own country.
In February 2017, Heckler & Koch introduced its new modular assault rifle NK433, which combines some of the developments and best characteristics of the G36 and NK416 rifles, but at the same time its cost is lower than the cost of the NK416. It refers to a gas-operated weapon with a short-stroke gas piston, made separately from the bolt frame, and locked by an optimized bolt with 7 lugs. The barrels are modular, quick-release and made in six configurations with lengths of 11, 12.5, 14.5. 16.5, 18.9 and 20 inches; The barrels, chromed inside, are made by cold forging. Self-lubricating sliding parts of the bolt allowed for minimal maintenance of the weapon.
At the request of the Bundeswehr, the NK433 rifle has a three-position fire mode switch: “on safety,” “single” and “automatic”; the rate of fire is 700 rounds per minute. The adjustable gas outlet allows the installation of a muffler. The standard magazine corresponds to NATO STANAG 4179, however, using a special kit, the NK433 rifle can be equipped with a G36 magazine. The lower receiver can be replaced with a G36 or AR-15 style receiver, allowing the user to maintain the same habits acquired with the previous weapon, thereby reducing the amount of combat training.
The rifle has a right-folding buttstock with a length-adjustable shoulder rest and a height-adjustable cheek rest. Shooting can be carried out with the butt folded; Replaceable grip pads allow you to adapt it to the size of the shooter’s hand. The receiver is made of aluminum, equipped with a NAR (NATO Accessory Rail) standard STANAG 4694, the receiver has a Picatinny/NAR guide at the 6 o'clock position. At the 3 and 9 o'clock positions we will find Nkeu adapters. The N&K company offers a shot counter, information from which can be downloaded from a short distance using radio frequency identification technology. In addition to the 5.56 mm caliber variant, the new rifle from N&K is also available in the .300 AAC Blackout cartridge (7.62×35), the 7.62×39 mm version is designated NK123, while the 7.62×51 mm version is designated NK231.
The latest development from Heckler & Koch HK433, whose modular concept allows you to adapt it to the habits of G36 or M4 users
Rheinmetall and Steyr Mannlicher have teamed up to take part in a competition to replace the German G36 rifle and offer it the RS556 model (Rheinmetall - Steyr 5.56), which is a further development of the STM-556 carbine. presented by the Austrian arms company in 2012. The lower receiver is the same as the AR15 rifle, however, modified for left-handed use. The rifle is equipped with a more reliable and significantly less sensitive to contamination system with a short stroke of the gas piston. The piston acts on a rod, which moves the bolt carrier rearward, and is locked by the rotary bolt. The bolt carrier parts are made of steel, while the upper and lower receivers are made of aluminum.
The rifle is available with five barrels of varying lengths and does not require any tools to change them. These solutions are inherited from the Steyr AUG model. The rifle has a four-position gas regulator, which can operate in normal mode, in difficult operating conditions mode, in firing mode with a silencer, and in completely blocked gas exhaust. The telescopic polymer stock has 7 length adjustment positions. In addition to the 5.56 mm caliber option, models chambered for .300 AAC Blackout and 7.62x39 mm cartridges are also offered.
Rheinmetall's RS556 rifle is similar in many aspects to the AR-15 family
The third German applicant, Haenel (although owned by the Emirati company Tawazun), offered another rifle based on the AR15 in the competition to replace the G36. The operating principle of the Haenel Mk 556 model automation is based on the removal of powder gases from the barrel bore. The stock also resembles that of the M4, with five barrels of varying lengths available.
A three-position safety-translator of firing modes allows you to fire single shots and continuous bursts. Depending on the customer’s choice, two options for positions are offered: fuse-single-automatic, respectively, at 0°-60°-120° or at 0°-90°-180°. The trigger force is 3.2 kg, all controls and adjustments are suitable for both hands. The receiver is equipped with four NAR guides, and folding mechanical sights are also installed.
The Bundeswehr's contract for a new assault rifle attracted the attention of Rheinmetall, which teamed up with Steyr Mannlicher to offer the RS556, a modification of the STM-556
Last known buyer the latest development Accuracy International - assault rifle AMHS338 chambered for .338 LM - became Lithuania
While everything is more or less clear with the three German applicants, little is known about possible foreign applicants. In principle, all major manufacturers of small arms are able to present interesting solutions. Another unclear point concerns the possible common system France and Germany, proposed by France at the end of 2015, when the NK433 rifle had not yet been “released.”
Another competition, albeit of a significantly smaller scale, was announced in Germany in January 2017. This time, a new rifle became necessary for special operations forces. The Defense Acquisition Agency has identified a requirement for 1,705 rifles, to which five more must be added for evaluation testing and another 40 for acceptance testing, meaning the winner will have to supply a total of 1,750 rifles. As for the requirements for the rifle, some of them are known: a rifle chambered for 5.56x45 mm with a short stroke of the gas piston, a barrel life of at least 10,000 rounds, a receiver three times longer. The rifle must be adapted for right-handed and right-handed use and be equipped with STANAG 4694 guides on the receiver and receiver so that additional devices can be installed, for example, a laser module, a flashlight and other devices. The weapon must be compatible with a silencer and must be less than 900 mm in length without a silencer, and the maximum weight without magazine and optics must not exceed 3.8 kg.
Rheinmetall will undoubtedly offer their RS556 model for this competition, however, Heckler & Koch should offer their NK416A5 or NK416A5 models, while Haenel's participation is still in question. As with the above-mentioned competition, little is known about foreign applicants who might take part in the German competition. German Special Operations Forces (KSK) units began receiving the new Haenel RS-9 .338 LM sniper rifle in 2016, designated G-29 by the Bundeswehr. The length of the weapon is 1275 mm, the barrel length is 690 mm, with the butt folded, the total length is reduced to 1020 mm.
The KSK special forces chose the Steiner Military 5-25×56-ZF sight, to which an Aimpoint Micro 1-2 red dot sight is attached for close-range shooting. In June 2017, special forces began to receive the B&T Monoblock suppressor, specially created for the 338 LM caliber. It adds another 222 mm to the length of the rifle and another 652 grams to its weight, which without accessories is 7.54 kg.
Just recently it became known that the new G95 assault rifle (HK416A7) will replace the G36KA1/A2/A4 automatic rifles. The new weapon will go into service with special operations forces units of the ground forces and naval special forces.
Another country that has recently chosen the .338 LM for its snipers is Latvia, which purchased an undisclosed number of Accuracy International AHMS rifles in late 2016. This is a big breakthrough in terms of accuracy and range, since before this Lithuanian snipers were armed with semi-automatic rifles of 7.62x51 mm caliber.
While remaining in the sniper world, some young participants joined historical brands. For example, the Austrian Ritter & Stark with its modular rifle SX-1 Modular Tactical Rifle, available in 7.62x51 300 Winchester Magnum and .338 Lapua Magnum cartridges, and the Italian Victrix, whose portfolio includes four bolt-action rifles, Pugio under 7.62x51, Gladius chambered 7.62x51, .260 Remington and 6.5 Creed, Scorpio chambered .338 LM and .300 Win, and Tormentum chambered .375 and .408 Cheytac, were recently acquired by Beretta. Staying true to Beretta, Poland recently purchased 150 Sako M10 modular rifles chambered for the .338 LM cartridge.
Beretta, after starting production of the ARX200 rifle chambered for 7.62×51 mm, has already delivered the first batches to the Italian army
Beauties from the Beretta stable, inherited from Victrix (from top to bottom): Victrix Scorpio, Victrix Tormentum, Victrix Pugio
As for assault rifles, Beretta supplies its ARX-200 battle rifles to the Italian army. These 7.62x51mm rifles will allow Italian combat units to improve their combat capabilities compared to the previous 5.56mm Beretta ARX-160 rifles. Beretta should soon begin development of a semi-automatic version of the ARX-200, which will become a pure marksman rifle in the company's portfolio (the lowest level of marksmanship in the classification adopted by the US Ground Forces).
A significantly improved version of the Bren 2 of the original Bren assault rifle has been adopted by the Czech Army, which is currently receiving its first batches
Bren 2 in different configurations: (top to bottom) 14" barrel, 11" barrel and 8" barrel
Many armies are adopting new rifles. At the end of last year, the Czech army received the first batch of CZ Bren 2 assault rifles. 2,600 were ordered, 1,900 with a 356 mm barrel and 700 rifles in a shortened configuration with a 280 mm barrel. Also at the end of 2016, the Dutch naval special forces received their short-barreled SIG MSKh carbines, becoming the first among special forces to switch to the .300 Blackout caliber; new carbines will replace submachine guns in close combat. Among the ammunition included in the contract, you can find not only standard cartridges and cartridges with subsonic bullets, but also lead-free thin-walled bullets that help avoid ricochet when working in confined spaces.
At the beginning of January 2017, the Turkish army received the first batch of 500 MRT-76 7.62x51 mm assault rifles from MKEK; in accordance with the contract, 35,000 rifles will be manufactured by two companies, MKEK will produce 20,000 pieces, and the KaleKalip company will produce 15,000 pieces, respectively. At the IDEF 2017 exhibition, MKEK presented its new assault rifle chambered for 5.56×45 mm MRT-55 (Milli Piyade Tiifegi - national infantry rifle), which comes in two versions, standard with a barrel length of 368 mm and shortened (MRT-55K) . The new rifle features a short-stroke gas system similar to the AR-15; it was developed to meet the needs of Turkish special forces; at the end of 2016, 20,000 rifles were ordered.
In addition, a version of the MRT-76 rifle with a 508 mm long table was presented, designated KNT-76 (Keskin Nisanci Tiifegi - sniper rifle); a version of the KAAN-717 carbine with a 305 mm barrel was also shown. As for Russia, it is very active in the small arms market. For example, Venezuela is building a plant in Maracay to produce Russian AK-103 and AK-104 assault rifles, as well as 7.62x39 mm cartridges, which should open in 2019.
The family of automatic weapons produced by Israel Weapons Industries is a further development of the Galil assault rifle. Photo of Galil ACE models 21, 22 and 23 (top to bottom). An Israeli company recently signed an agreement with Indian Punj Lloyd to create a joint venture for the production of small arms of various calibers
India has always been and remains one of the main potential customers for small arms. Its small arms market is worth several billion dollars. The Indian Ministry of Defense recently issued a request for proposals for the procurement of a limited number of 7.62 mm assault rifles, submachine guns and pistols for the Air Force special forces.
But this is just the tip of the iceberg of contracts aimed at re-equipping the Indian armed forces. Foreign companies are merging with local firms. You don’t have to look far for an example; in May 2017, the Israeli company IWI created a joint venture with Punj Lloyd, known as Punj Lloyd Raksha Systems, for the joint production of small arms. India's historical opponent, Pakistan, is also in search of new small arms to replace its G3 and Toure 56 rifles in 7.62x51 mm and 7.62x39 mm calibers. In search of potential contracts, several contenders, including FN, CZ, Beretta, are closely monitoring all that is happening in the country in the field of small arms.
In conclusion, a small summary table: 
Russian Federation were formed in 1992. At the time of creation, their number was 2,880,000 people. Today it reaches 1,000,000 people. Not only is it one of the largest armed forces in the world. The armament of the Russian army today is very modern, developed, has reserves of nuclear weapons, weapons of mass destruction, a developed system for countering enemy attacks and redeploying weapons if necessary.
The army of the Russian Federation practically does not use foreign-made weapons. Everything needed is manufactured in the country. All military equipment and weapons are the result of the research of scientists and the functioning of the defense industry. The army is governed by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation through military districts and other governing bodies. Also, a General Staff has been created to manage the Russian Armed Forces, whose tasks are defense planning, conducting mobilization and operational training, organizing reconnaissance operations, etc.
Armored vehicles
Military equipment and weapons of the Russian army are constantly being modernized. This happens with vehicles such as armored personnel carriers, infantry fighting vehicles and infantry fighting vehicles. They are intended for combat operations on various types terrain, and are also capable of transporting a combat detachment of up to 10 people, and overcoming water obstacles. These vehicles can travel both forward and backward at the same speed.
Thus, at the beginning of 2013, the BTR-82 and BTR-82A entered service with the Russian army. This modification has an economical diesel generator set and is equipped with an electric drive with a stabilizer for controlling the gun and a laser sight. The designers improved reconnaissance capabilities, and the fire extinguishing and fragmentation protection systems were improved.
There are about 500 BMP-3s in service. This equipment and the weapons with which it is equipped have no equal in the whole world. equipped with mine protection, have a durable and sealed body, providing all-round armor to protect personnel. The BMP-3 is an air transportable amphibious vehicle. On a flat road it reaches speeds of up to 70 km/h.
Russian nuclear weapons
Nuclear weapons have been adopted since the times of the USSR. This the whole complex, which includes directly ammunition, carriers and means of transportation, as well as control systems. The action of the weapon is based on nuclear energy, which is released during the fission or fusion reaction of nuclei.
New today is the RS-24 Yars. Development on it began under the USSR in 1989. After Ukraine refused to develop it jointly with Russia, all design developments were transferred to MIT in 1992. The design of the Yars rocket is similar to the Topol-M. Its difference is a new platform for breeding blocks. The Yars has an increased payload, and the hull is treated with a special compound to reduce the impact of a nuclear explosion. This missile is capable of performing programmed maneuvers and is equipped with a complex to counter missile defense systems.
Pistols for the army
Pistols in troops of any kind are used for close combat and personal self-defense. This weapon became widespread due to its compactness and light weight, but the main advantage was the ability to fire with one hand. Until 2012, pistols in service with the Russian army were mainly used by Makarov systems (PM and PMM). The models are designed for 9 mm cartridges. The firing range reached 50 meters, the rate of fire was 30 rounds per minute. Magazine capacity: PM - 8 rounds, PMM - 12 rounds.
However, the Makarov pistol is recognized as obsolete, and a more modern model has been adopted. This is “Strizh”, developed jointly with special forces officers. According to their own technical specifications the pistol is superior to the world famous Glock. Another pistol that the army adopted new Russia in 2003, there was an SPS (Serdyukov self-loading pistol).
9-mm cartridges with small ricochet bullets, as well as armor-piercing and armor-piercing tracer bullets were developed for it. It is equipped with a special spring to speed up the change of the double-stack magazine and two safety valves.
Aviation
The armament of the Russian Army in terms of aviation allows it to provide protection and attack on the enemy, as well as carry out various operations, such as reconnaissance, security and others. Aviation is represented by airplanes and helicopters for various purposes.
Among the aircraft, it is worth noting the Su-35S model. This fighter is multifunctional and highly maneuverable; it is designed to strike moving and stationary ground targets. But its main task is to gain air supremacy. The Su-35S has engines with higher thrust and a rotary thrust vector (product 117-S). It uses fundamentally new on-board equipment - the aircraft's information and control system ensures the maximum degree of interaction between the pilots and the aircraft. Installed on the fighter latest system weapons control "Irbis-E". It is capable of simultaneously detecting up to 30 air targets, firing at up to 8 targets without interrupting observation of ground and air space.
Among helicopters, the KA-52 “Alligator” and KA-50 “Black Shark” should be noted as modern weapons of the Russian army. These two combat vehicles are formidable weapons; so far no country in the world has been able to create and oppose equipment that matches them in terms of tactical and technical capabilities. "Alligator" can operate at any time of the day or night, under any weather and climatic conditions. The “Black Shark” is designed to destroy various armored vehicles, including tanks, as well as to provide protection for ground facilities and troops from enemy attacks.
Vehicles
Equipment of the Russian army vehicles for various purposes and is large in scale. Automotive vehicles are presented in the form of highly mobile, cargo-passenger, multi-purpose, specially protected and armored vehicles.
The Tiger STS, which was adopted by the Russian army, has proven itself especially well. The vehicle is used for reconnaissance operations, monitoring the enemy, transporting personnel and ammunition, and patrolling zones increased danger, escorting mobile columns. It has high maneuverability, a large range, and good visibility for firing.
For the rapid transfer of equipment, ammunition and personnel in large quantities, the KRAZ-5233BE “Spetsnaz” is used. The vehicle is designed for work in harsh climatic conditions (from - 50 to + 60 degrees), has high cross-country ability - it can overcome water obstacles up to 1.5 m deep and snow covers up to 60 cm high.
Tanks
Tanks are armored fighting vehicles and are used by ground troops. Today, the Russian Army uses the T-90, T-80 and T-72 models. Modern tank armament outnumbers that of the United States Army.
The T-80 has been supplied to the army since 1976, since then it has undergone several modifications. Used to support firepower to destroy people and various objects (for example, fortified firing points), to create defensive lines. It has multi-layer armor and increased maneuverability. Equipped with a 125-mm cannon coaxial with a machine gun, a Utes machine-gun complex, a smoke grenade launch system, as well as an anti-tank missile control system.
The T-90 tank, especially the T-90SM modification, can be safely positioned as the latest weapon of the Russian army. Equipped with an improved fire extinguishing system, an air conditioning system has been added, and it is possible to hit moving targets with high accuracy while moving. In all respects it surpasses tanks such as the Abrams or Leopard.
Machine guns in service with the army
The most famous weapons of the Russian army are And although they have no grace or beauty, they have earned popularity for their simplicity and ease of use. This machine gun dates back to 1959, when it was first adopted by the USSR army. Last years, starting from 1990, AK-74M models with a mounting bracket were produced for the army various types sights. In it, the designers were able to realize the dream of a universal machine gun. But no matter how universal it may be, history does not stand still, and technology develops.
Today, the modern weapons of the Russian army in terms of machine guns are represented by the AK-12 model. It does not have the disadvantages of all types of AKs - there is no gap between the receiver cover and the receiver itself. The design makes the machine convenient for use by both right-handers and left-handers. The model is compatible with magazines for AKM and AK-74. It is possible to mount an under-barrel grenade launcher and various types of sights. The shooting accuracy is almost 1.5 times higher than that of the AK-74.
Grenade launchers in Russian troops
Grenade launchers are designed for various purposes and are divided into several types. Thus, they distinguish easel, automatic, manual, multi-purpose, under-barrel and remote-controlled. Depending on the type, they are intended to destroy enemy troops, moving and stationary targets, and to destroy unarmored, lightly armored and armored vehicles.
New small arms of the Russian army in this category are represented by the RPG-30 “Hook” grenade launcher. It is a disposable weapon and entered service with the troops in 2013. It is double-barreled and contains two grenades: an imitation grenade and a 105-mm live grenade. The simulator ensures the activation of the enemy’s defense functions, and the combat grenade directly destroys the target that remains unprotected.
We cannot ignore such modern weapons of the Russian army as the GP-25 and GP-30 under-barrel grenade launchers. They are equipped with Kalashnikov assault rifles of the AK-12, AKM, AKMS, AKS-74U, AK-74, AK-74M, AK-103 and AK-101 modifications. The GP-25 and GP-30 underbarrel grenade launchers are designed to destroy living and non-living targets and unarmored vehicles. The target firing range is about 400 m, the caliber is 40 mm.
Sniper rifles
Sniper rifles, used as small arms by the Russian army, are divided into several types, or rather, have different purposes. To eliminate single camouflaged or moving targets, a 7.62 mm SVD is used. The rifle was developed back in 1958 by E. Dragunov and has an effective range of up to 1300 meters. Since then, the weapon has undergone several modifications. In the 90s was developed and put into service with the Russian Army (SVU-AS). It has a caliber of 7.62 and is intended for airborne units. This rifle has automatic firing capability and is also equipped with a folding stock.
For military operations that require the absence of noise, VSS is used. Despite the fact that the Vintorez sniper rifle was created in former USSR, SP-5 and SP-6 cartridges are used for firing (pierces a steel plate 8 mm thick from a distance of 100 m). The effective firing range is from 300 to 400 meters, depending on the type of sight used.
Russian naval forces
The naval armament used by the army of the new Russia is quite diverse. Surface ships provide support for submarine forces, transport landing troops and cover landings, protect territorial waters, the coastline, search and track the enemy, and support sabotage operations. Submarine forces provide reconnaissance operations and surprise attacks on continental and maritime targets. Naval aviation forces are used to attack enemy surface forces, destroy key facilities on its coastline, and intercept and prevent enemy air attacks.
Navy includes destroyers, patrol ships of far and near maritime zone, small missiles and anti-submarine ships, missile, anti-sabotage boats, large and small landing ships, nuclear submarines, minesweepers, landing boats.
Defense production
After the collapse of the USSR, the defense industry experienced a sharp decline. However, in 2006, Russian President Vladimir Putin approved Government program weapons development for 2007-2015. According to this document, over the specified years, new weapons and various technical means should be developed to replace the old one.
The development and supply of new and modernized weapons and equipment is carried out by such enterprises as Russian Technologies, Oboronprom, Motorostroitel, Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant, United Aircraft Corporation, Russian Helicopters OJSC, Uralvagonzavod, Kurgan Engine Plant" and others.
Most research centers and design bureaus developing weapons for the Russian army are strictly classified, as are defense industry enterprises. But the defense industry today provides jobs for many large and medium-sized cities of the Russian Federation.
The Ministry of Defense is deciding on what weapons to equip the latest “Ratnik” combat equipment, choosing between AK-12 assault rifles from the Kalashnikov concern or AEK-971 from the Degtyarev Kovrov plant. While this issue is under consideration, “Ratnik” is armed with modernized samples of time-tested weapons, we read further about what kind of weapon these are.
According to the developer, the Kalashnikov concern, the kit, which received the code “Kit”, will increase the combat capabilities of the machine by 1.5 times. Gunsmiths calculated this indicator based on the criterion “frequency of defeat” at a range of up to 300 meters at any time of the day and in different climatic conditions.
The body kit includes several key elements. This is a new muzzle brake-compensator.
It reduced recoil and virtually eliminated the flash when firing. Infrared laser target designator. Its beam can only be seen through a night vision device. Ergonomic handle and length-adjustable stock. The receiver cover and forend are equipped with Picatinny rails. With it, you can install a collimator sight, a flashlight and a vertical handle on the machine gun for holding the weapon with your second hand.
The new modernization kit for the Kalashnikov AK-74 assault rifle, according to the developers, will make this proven, but no longer modern weapon suitable for use with the Ratnik.
Large-caliber sniper rifle ASVK (Kovrov)
This rifle is a further development of the KSVK large-caliber sniper rifle. Like its predecessor, the ASVK is designed to fire 12.7 mm cartridges. Depending on the type of ammunition, a rifle can hit both manpower and lightly armored enemy vehicles.
Compared to the previous model, ASVK is lighter - about 9 kilograms versus 12.5. However, such relief was provided by shortening the barrel. And this, in turn, led to a decrease in the sighting range, it is 1200 meters (KSVK hits 1500 meters).
ASVK is a five-shot bolt-action rifle. It is made according to the bullpup scheme, when the trigger is located in front of the magazine and the firing mechanism of the weapon.
Upgraded sniper rifle SVDM
The main innovation of the modernized SVD is the folding bipod. The main option for sniper shooting is from a prone position. In such cases, you always have to put something under the weapon or hold it under the forend with your second hand. The bipods solved this problem; they are height adjustable.
On the receiver cover there is a Picatinny rail on which modern optical sights, including foreign ones, can be mounted. Previously, the SVD's mounting strip was located on the side and standard sights PSO-1, 1PN93 and some others were attached to it.
A new adjustment mechanism has appeared at the “cheek” of the butt. With its help, the shooter can adjust the height and position of the “cheek” to individual characteristics.
However, the main advantage of the new rifle is its heavier barrel. Due to its thickness, it was possible to increase the accuracy of fire when overheated.
Submachine gun "Vityaz"
PP-19-01 “Vityaz” became a continuation of the “Bison” line of submachine guns, which were created by order of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs since 1993. New sample designed taking into account the requirements received from the special forces squad internal troops Ministry of Internal Affairs "Vityaz". It also received its name from the special forces.
“Vityaz” is designed on the basis of the Kalashnikov AKS-74U assault rifle, the unification of parts is 70%. In particular, the trigger mechanism, receiver and safety are identical to AK parts.
"Vityaz" is unpretentious in terms of the use of ammunition. The submachine gun can be loaded with both Russian 9x19 mm cartridges, including 7N21 cartridges with an armor-piercing bullet, and foreign Parabellum cartridges of the same caliber.
The choice of 9-mm ammunition is due to the fact that the Vityaz is intended for use in urban areas and indoors, that is, in an environment where there is a high probability of ricochet. In this case, the 9x19 mm caliber turned out to be the most optimal - compared to 5.45 mm caliber bullets used in machine gun cartridges, the ricochet of nine-millimeter bullets is much less.
Sniper rifle SV-98
The SV-98 was developed on the basis of the 7.62 mm Record-CISM sports rifle. One of the key differences between this weapon and the SVD is the manually reloadable bolt.
This design provides greater bullet speed when fired, since the energy of the powder gases is not spent on pushing the piston of the bolt frame (as in SVD and Kalashnikov assault rifles), but is entirely aimed at pushing the bullet out of the barrel.
The rifle comes with a low-noise firing device. It is not capable of completely drowning out the sound of a shot, but it can blur its sound portrait so that the enemy does not guess the type of weapon used.
Initially it was assembled on a wooden bed. In the new version, the rifle is assembled on an aluminum stock. Thanks to this, it has become immune to climate change. Rifles with “wood” are already in service in Russian security forces, they were used in real combat operations.
The sample shown in the photo is experimental; testing is currently ongoing.
Chukavina sniper rifle (microwave) / Photo: Press service of the Kalashnikov concern
For example, the Makarov pistol may soon be replaced by a compact Lebedev pistol of 9 x 19 mm caliber with a 14-round magazine. When uncharged, it weighs 720 grams. Thanks to the modular design of the pistol, the barrel and sights can be changed, and a flashlight, laser designator and silencer can be installed. According to the creator of the pistol, leading design engineer of the Kalashnikov concern Dmitry Lebedev, the new pistol proved to be a “good boy.”
The Ministry of Defense, the Russian National Guard and foreign customers are also showing interest in the latest semi-automatic sniper rifle Chukavina (SHF), which was created for three calibers: 7.62 x 54 and 7.62 x 51 millimeters, as well as for the 338 Lapua Magnum sniper cartridge. The microwave is designed in a new layout, which makes it easier to mount various sighting systems. The rifle also has a telescopic butt.
Meanwhile, the fifth generation of Kalashnikov assault rifles (5.45 mm and 7.62 mm AK-15) is positioned as a promising weapon that is part of the “Ratnik” combat equipment. The AK-12 has already passed state tests and, perhaps, its mass production will begin in 2018. It is assumed that the 3.5-kilogram machine gun with a 30-round magazine will become the main long-barreled firearm in the Russian army.
In addition, AK-105 assault rifles chambered for 5.45 × 39 millimeters are already being supplied to the army and security forces. New impact-resistant materials were used in the production of the machine. And the improved barrel increased the accuracy of fire. Thanks to the modernization of the trigger mechanism, it was possible to facilitate the descent and avoid the problem of “jerking” of the weapon. By the way, other assault rifles of the “hundredth” series AK-101/102/103/104, produced for export, are of interest to foreign clients. For example, Pakistan announced its desire to purchase a large batch of AK-103, suitable for hot climates.
The 5.45mm light machine gun, weighing only four kilograms, is another interesting Russian development, which should go into production already in 2018. According to experts, the machine gun that will replace the RPK-74 simply has no analogues.
“The decision on the purchase of this machine gun has been made by the Minister of Defense. We are now preparing the first batch for military testing, then a decision will be made on serial deliveries. We hope that the tests will begin this year,” said Alexey Krivoruchko, general director of the Kalashnikov concern.
