German Plan Ost

In this article you will learn:

In this article you will learn briefly about the German General Plan Ost, which was developed by the Nazis during the Second World War.

The most brutal political program of the 20th century is the Nazi " General plan Ost." The initiator of the development of the “Plan Ost” was Heinrich Himmler, its main idea and the name itself appeared in 1940. The existence of the “General Plan Ost” was not known during the war; the first mentions of it were made by Nazi criminals during the Nuremberg Tribunal. During the trial, prosecutors relied on the “Notes and Suggestions” of E. Wetzel, who during the war years was an employee of the Ministry of Eastern Territories.

The full text of the Ost Plan was found only in the late eighties in the German Federal Archives, digitized and published only in 2009.

One of the versions of the “Plan Ost” was presented in the summer of 1942 by the Reich Security Headquarters Directorate for the Integration of the People of Germany, read out by SS Oberführer Meyer-Hetling.

Plan

The master plan consisted of three parts:

• Basic rules for future settlement.
• Economic overview of annexed territories and their organization.
• Delineation of settlements in occupied areas.

Goals

The “General Plan Ost” included a list of documents that addressed the settlement of the “eastern territories,” which meant Poland and the USSR, after the Nazi victory in the war. It was not envisaged to preserve the statehood of any nation; Ukraine, Russia, Latvia and others would simply become part of the Greater German state.

It was based on two documents, which revealed the plan for the further colonization of the eastern territories of Europe by the Germans. This provided for the colonization of 87,600 km2, where about one hundred thousand settlement farms of 29 hectares each were to be created. It was planned to overpower more than four million Germans here. In parallel with this, it was planned to eliminate half a million Jews - all the Jews who inhabited these territories - and forty percent of the Poles.

German peasants resettled to the eastern lands would receive land under certain conditions - first for this year, and in case of successful management, this land would become hereditary, and after twenty years it would become his property. Moreover, a certain payment to the state treasury was expected for the land. The development and settlement of the eastern territories was to be controlled personally by Himmler. The resettlement of the urban population was also envisaged - the Germans would receive apartments with all their property.

Scale

Initially, the Ost plan applied only to Poland, Ukraine, Belarus, the Baltic states and North-West Russia. The document drew attention to the fact that ownership of the eastern lands is the prerogative of the German nation and all the resources that would be needed to implement the ideas of the Germans had to be extracted from the occupied lands.

The scale of Hitler’s territorial “appetite” can be judged from the surviving memo Minister Rosenberg, which included comments and additions to the Ost plan. So the document talked about the resettlement of Germans to the eastern territories occupied as a result of the war. This was planned to be done gradually over thirty years, and in the territory of the former USSR by that time it was planned to leave no more than fourteen million inhabitants, who would be used as cheap labor, and would be controlled by the Germans resettled here. The rest of the population was to be deported to Western Siberia, and the Jews living here were to be liquidated during the war. However, this point was questioned by the author himself, since some of the Soviet nationalities, in his opinion, were better not to be resettled, but to be Germanized. He included the Baltic peoples among these. Rosenberg proposed deporting the Ukrainian and Belarusian population to Siberia, of which 35% of Ukrainians and 25% of Belarusians were proposed to be Germanized. Thus, the remaining indigenous population would become farm laborers for the “German masters.”

The next paragraph of the document discussed the issue with Poland. In Germany, the Poles were considered the most dangerous people who fiercely hated Germany, so it was proposed to resettle them to South America. Fifty percent of the Czech population was also supposed to be deported, and the other fifty to be Germanized.

An entire sub-item was reserved for the Russian population, since it was considered the cornerstone of the entire “Eastern problem”. It was initially proposed to completely destroy this people, or, as a last resort, to Germanize those Russians who have clear Nordic characteristics. But already in the notes to the Ost plan, it was said that this was impossible to implement, so it was proposed to simply gradually weaken the Russian people, reduce their birth rate, and also proposed to separate the population of Siberia from the other Russian population.

Judging by other German documents that were related to the Ost plan, the Germans planned to increase the number of Germans living in the conquered territories to two hundred and fifty million in fifty years. Moreover, in the eastern lands a complete repetition of the German order was planned - “the creation of a new Germany” where environment, roads, agricultural and municipal services, industry would be exactly copied from the German model, so that the Germans resettled here would live comfortably.

Deadlines

The implementation of this plan was planned no earlier than the end of the war, but the prerequisites for this were laid during the war, when the Germans killed about three million prisoners of war, millions of people from Ukraine, Poland and Belarus were taken to forced labor and to concentration camps. Also, do not forget about the more than six million Jews who died during the Holocaust.

Bottom line

In fact, if Nazi Germany and its allies had won World War II, the previously carried out genocide of the Jews would have been the first step towards the extermination of tens of millions of Eastern Europeans.

From A. Hitler’s directive to A. Rosenberg on the implementation of the Ost General Plan (July 23, 1942):

“The Slavs must work for us, and if we no longer need them, let them die. Vaccinations and health protection are unnecessary for them. Slavic fertility is undesirable... education is dangerous. It is enough if they can count to one hundred... Every educated person is our future enemy. All sentimental objections should be abandoned. We must rule this people with iron determination... In military terms, we should be killing three to four million Russians a year…»

Many have probably heard about the “General Plan Ost”, according to which Nazi Germany was going to “develop” the lands it had conquered in the East. However, this document was kept secret by the top leadership of the Third Reich, and many of its components and applications were destroyed at the end of the war. And only now, in December 2009, this ominous document was finally published.

Only a six-page excerpt from this plan appeared at the Nuremberg trials. It is known in the historical and scientific community as “Comments and proposals of the Eastern Ministry on the “General Plan ‘Ost’.” As was established at the Nuremberg trials, these “comments and proposals” were drawn up on April 27, 1942 by E. Wetzel, an employee of the Ministry of Eastern Territories, after familiarizing himself with the draft plan prepared by the RSHA. As a matter of fact, it was on this document that until very recently all research on Nazi plans for the enslavement of the “eastern territories” was based.

On the other hand, some revisionists could argue that this document was just a draft drawn up by a minor official in one of the ministries, and it had nothing to do with real politics.

However, at the end of the 80s, the final text of the Ost plan, approved by Hitler, was found in the Federal Archives of Germany, and individual documents from there were presented at an exhibition in 1991. However, it was only in November-December 2009 that the “General Plan “Ost” - the foundations of the legal, economic and territorial structure of the East” was completely digitized and published. This is reported on the website of the Historical Memory Foundation.

As a matter of fact, the German government’s plan to “free up living space” for Germans and other “Germanic peoples,” which included the “Germanization” of Eastern Europe and mass ethnic cleansing of the local population, did not arise spontaneously, nor out of nowhere.

They fought for Hitler

Valery Gerasimov

Thousands of books and articles are devoted to Jewish suffering during the Second World War, so everyone knows about the tragedy of the Jewish people. These articles and books have been published in billions of copies in all languages ​​of the world. Is it possible to add something new to the many times repeated descriptions of the horrors of the Holocaust? The author brings to the attention of readers only one article, which, in our opinion, is capable of somewhat expanding and updating this topic.

So, question one: did Hitler destroy all Jews? It turns out, not all of them. Perhaps this is explained by the fact that he Adolf Aloizovich was “a little bit Jewish.” The same as most of his closest associates.

For example, the main ideologist of Nazism Rosenberg descended from Baltic Jews. The second man of the Third Reich after the Fuhrer, the chief of the Gestapo Heinrich Himmler was half-Jewish, and his first deputy already 3/4 Jewish. The Nazi Minister of Propaganda was another typical representative of the “superior race”, a lame-legged, deformed dwarf with a horse's foot, half-Jew. Joseph Goebbels.

The most inveterate “kike-eater” under the Fuhrer was the publisher of the Nazi newspaper “Sturmer” Julius Streicher. After Nuremberg the publisher was hanged. And on the coffin they wrote his real name - Abram Goldberg so that in the next world his “maiden” name and pseudonym would not be confused.

Another Nazi criminal Adolf Eichmann, hanged already in 1962, was a pure-blooded Jew from crosses. “Well, hang it. There will be one less Jew!” - Eichmann said before his execution. And the person who hanged himself (or hanged) at an advanced age Rudolf Hess, who was the Fuhrer's right hand in the leadership of the Nazi Party, had a Jewish mother. That is, in our opinion, he was half-Jewish, but according to Jewish laws, he was a pure Jew.

Admiral suggested sewing the yellow Star of David onto Jewish clothing Canaris, Chief of Military Intelligence. He himself was from Greek Jews. If the commander of the Luftwaffe is Reichsmarshal Hermann Goering was only married to a Jewish woman, then his first deputy field marshal Erhard Milch was already a full-fledged Jew (There is a brilliant book on this topic by Brian Mark Rigg - “Hitler’s Jewish Soldiers: The Untold Story of Nazi Racial Laws and People of Jewish Descent in the German Army.” Shimon Briman’s article “Hitler’s Jewish Soldiers” talks about it. - D.B.).

In this regard, the history of the Viennese Rothschild, at that time one of the richest Jews in the world. As if nothing had happened, he continued to live quietly in his luxurious palace until local stormtroopers visited him. The uninvited guests took a lot of goodies and gold from the palace, including a valuable collection of antique Persian carpets, in which Rothschild doted on. The behavior of the stormtroopers seriously angered the banker. And he immediately wrote a complaint to the Fuhrer himself.

“Poor fellow! - you might think. “They will immediately send him to the gas chamber!”

You are wrong. Hitler apologized to Rothschild and reimbursed all the banker's losses from the Reich treasury. The only problem was with Persian carpets. Maybe Eva Braun really liked them. In any case, history is silent about the carried away carpets. She speaks only about the carpets brought. Let me explain. From the same state treasury, funds were urgently allocated to purchase other antique Persian carpets in Iran, equivalent in artistic merit and value to the carpets from the missing collection.

The new collection was solemnly presented to the inconsolable billionaire himself Himmler. He personally supervised the evacuation of the Viennese Rothschild to Switzerland...

Creation of Nazi Germany by Jewish financiers of the USA

Offended, humiliated, insulted and robbed after the First World War, Germany was simply an ideal candidate for the implementation of the Jewish plan to seize power in the world. The Jewish financial oligarchy began to create fascist Germany. For this purpose they chose the German National Socialist Party, headed by an Austrian Jew Adolf Schicklgruber (Adolf Hitler/Adolf Shiklgruber).

As practice in the Russian Empire has shown, the idea of ​​Jewish internationalism turned out to be a stillborn child. Shtetl Jews, mostly black Jews, gladly accepted financial assistance to carry out their revolutions to seize power in their countries, but did not want to continue, after seizing it, to carry the revolution of “freedom of peoples” on their bayonets to other countries. They were quite happy with what they had in their hands, and they clearly did not want to die for the interests of others and lose what they had achieved in their countries, for the sake of the interests of the Jewish financial oligarchy, which considered them second-class citizens. And conflict between factions Bronstein's labels(Trotsky) and Joseph Dzhugashvili(Stalin) demonstrated this reluctance quite clearly.

Due to the above, the Jewish financial oligarchy, mainly made up of Levites, did not have much hope for local Judaism.

Let me remind you that the Levites were placed over all the Jews by God Yahweh himself. And the reason for such love of God Yahweh specifically for the Levites is that this tribe of Judah directly descends from Seth, the son of Eve and... the Lord God Yahweh himself, which is written about both in the Torah and in the Old Testament, under the code name “restoration of the divine seed."

Therefore, in Germany the emphasis was placed on National Socialism, which combined the ideas of Jewish socialism on the national basis of a specific country - Germany!

It was simply impossible to imagine a better time for National Socialism. The Germans after the First World War felt humiliated, betrayed by everyone and robbed, and therefore the words about their special historical mission were simply a balm for their souls. The choice of Germany as an instrument for implementing the program of seizing power in the world by the Jewish financial oligarchy, for the reasons stated above, was ideal.

It was the refusal of Joseph Dzhugashvili and his Co. to carry out the plan to seize power, developed by the Jewish financial oligarchy under the code name “Permanent Revolution”, that led to the emergence of a plan to create fascist Germany.

In the 1933 German elections, corporations and banks donated to the Nazi Party. one million three hundred ten thousand dollars($1,310,000.00), in addition, there were also individual donations in the amount of five hundred eighty six thousand dollars ($586 000,00).

Thus, before the 1933 elections, the funds of the Nazi Party in Germany received one million eight hundred ninety six thousand dollars...

Plan Ost was developed by the German command as a large-scale program for the colonization of the lands of Eastern Europe.

Despite the fact that this plan does not exist as a single document, it has been partially or completely preserved various documents, describing the future settlement of Germans in Eastern Europe and the expected fate of the local population.

Plan Ost and the racial question

The question of the fate of local peoples (Poles, Czechs, Russians, etc.) was not an easy one for the German command. Racist "scientists" of the Third Reich noted that a certain part of these peoples have a "Nordic" appearance and, therefore, are close in origin to the "true Aryans."

It was also noted that the Baltic peoples - Latvians, Lithuanians and Estonians - were historically brought up in the European spirit and adopted at least the main features of European civilization, therefore, of all the peoples of the USSR, they are the most “suitable” for Germanization.

Naturally, the Jewish question was the easiest to solve: the Jews in Eastern Europe were to be completely destroyed. So, for each people, three alternative measures of influence were proposed: extermination, resettlement to other regions and Germanization. It was proposed to resettle the Slavs to Siberia, the North Caucasus and even South America.

fascist plan Ost photo

Each occupied people included a certain percentage of “Nordic” representatives, whose fate, according to these documents, was the most “happy”: they would be allowed to continue living in their countries, but they would be obliged to accept German and German culture; at least at first, these Germanized Slavs and Balts, in their status, were supposed to be lower than purebred Germans, serve them and be under their vigilant control.

Some decisions of the developers of the Ost plan regarding individual nations

• Ukrainians - 65 percent had to move to Siberia, the rest were subject to Germanization;
• Belarusians - 75 percent were sent to Siberia, all the rest were also Germanized;
• Czechs - half were subject to eviction, and half - Germanization;
• The Poles were recognized as a particularly dangerous and hostile people to the Germans, and therefore were subject to complete eviction, including to South America and especially to Brazil.

German officials had disagreements regarding the “Russian question.” Some spoke out for complete destruction, others for the Germanization of some “Nordic” part of the Russians.

As a result, Dr. Wetzel, head of the racial department of the Ministry of Occupied Eastern Territories, who approved the program, made his decision: the Russians were to undergo “separate national development” with measures taken to reduce their birth rate; also the Siberians were to be separated from the rest of the Russians.

The Germanized Balts were to be used to govern the eastern colonies of the Reich. Some historians have expressed the idea that the mention of “eviction” in documents is a propaganda deception and, in fact, banal killing awaited “undesirable” peoples.

Authors like L. Bezymensky talk about “the extermination of the Slavs in Russia.” But, apparently, this is an exaggeration of overly “patriotic” authors; practical Germans sought to “squeeze all the juice” out of the captured peoples, using them as cheap labor, so they were not interested in the instant destruction of all representatives of “two-legged cattle.”

Planning

The idea and name of the General Plan Ost most likely arose in 1940. The initiator was Himmler, the name could have been invented in one of his services, most likely in the Main Directorate of Reich Security ( RSHA ), and perhaps in the planning department of the Reich Commissioner for the Consolidation of the German People. In terms of time and space, there were two phases of development. The “close plan” affected the already annexed eastern territories and was given for implementation. The “long shot” was intended for the entire eastern space. Which SS departments - in accordance with their competencies - participated in the development of individual parts of the plan, historians have never been able to accurately establish. However, they managed to trace several traces, one of which, perhaps even the most important, leads to the III Directorate (Security Service (SD) / Germany) of the Main Reich Security Directorate. Another trail leads to Directorate I (Resettlement and Nationality) and Directorate VI (Planning) of the Main Staff Office of the Reich Commissioner for the Consolidation of the German People. It is also assumed that the SS General Directorate for Race and Settlement also participated in the work on the General Plan. But the most important role was played by the Main Directorate of Imperial Security.

A comprehensive development called “General Plan Ost” was carried out towards the end of 1941 in Group III B of the Main Directorate of Reich Security. The text of this version of the plan is lost, but its contents are reflected in the surviving criticisms of the Imperial Ministry for the Eastern Occupied Territories. In one case, we are talking about the minutes of a meeting recorded from memory on “Issues of Germanization,” which was attended by representatives of the services of the “Eastern Ministry” and the SS on February 4, 1942. In another case, it is a detailed note dated April 27, 1942, “Remarks and Suggestions on the General Plan of the Ost Reichsführer SS,” which specifically deals with the concept of the Reich Security Main Office. The author of the documents in both cases was the head of the racial-political department of the Eastern ministry dr Erhard Wetzel.

The memorandum of SS Oberführer Professor Konrad Meyer “General Plan of the Ost - legal, economic and territorial basis for construction in the East” dated May 28, 1942 has also been preserved. Introduced by the Americans to the investigation materials in the Meyer case, it turned out to be inaccessible for a long time to German historians, who, however, knew about its existence and content. The document was subsequently transferred to the German Federal Archives. In 2009, it was published in full on the website of the Humboldt University of Berlin (Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture).

Developed options for the Ost master plan

“General Plan Ost” was a set of documents devoted to the settlement of the “eastern territories” (Poland and the Soviet Union) in the event of a German victory in the war. The planning group III B of the planning service of the RKFDV General Staff Directorate developed the following documents:

• Document 1: “Planning Fundamentals” was created in May 1940 by the RKFDV planning service (volume: 21 pages). Contents: Description of the extent of planned eastern colonization in West Prussia and Wartheland. The colonization area was to be 87,600 km², of which 59,000 km² was agricultural land. About 100,000 settlement farms of 29 hectares each were to be created on this territory. It was planned to resettle about 4.3 million Germans to this territory; of which 3.15 million are in rural areas and 1.15 million in cities. At the same time, 560,000 Jews (100% of the population of the region of this nationality) and 3.4 million Poles (44% of the population of the region of this nationality) were to be gradually eliminated. The costs of implementing these plans have not been estimated.
• Document 2: Materials for the report “Colonization”, developed in December 1940 by the RKFDV planning service (volume 5 pages). Contents: Fundamental article to the “Need for territories for forced relocation from the Old Reich” with a specific requirement for 130,000 km² of land for 480,000 new viable settlement farms of 25 hectares each, as well as in addition 40% of the territory for forest, for the needs of the army and reserve areas in Wartheland and Poland.

Documents created after the attack on the USSR on June 22, 1941

• Document 3 (missing, exact contents unknown): “General Plan Ost”, developed in July 1941 by the RKFDV planning service. Contents: Description of the extent of the planned eastern colonization in the USSR with the boundaries of specific areas of colonization.
• Document 4 (missing, exact contents unknown): “ Overall plan Ost", developed in December 1941 by the lll B RSHA planning group. Contents: Description of the scale of the planned eastern colonization in the USSR and the General Government with specific boundaries of individual areas of settlement.
• Document 5: “General Plan Ost”, developed in May 1942 by the Institute of Agriculture and Politics of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Berlin (volume 68 pages).

Contents: Description of the scale of the planned eastern colonization in the USSR with specific boundaries of individual areas of settlement. The colonization area was to cover 364,231 km², including 36 strong points and three administrative districts in the Leningrad region, Kherson-Crimean region and in the Bialystok region. At the same time, settlement farms with an area of ​​40-100 hectares, as well as large agricultural enterprises with an area of ​​at least 250 hectares, should have appeared. Required amount displaced persons were estimated at 5.65 million. The areas planned for settlement were to be cleared of approximately 31 million people. The costs of implementing the plan were estimated at 66.6 billion Reichsmarks.

• Document 6: “General Colonization Plan” (German: Generalsiedlungsplan), created in September 1942 by the RKFDV planning service (volume: 200 pages, including 25 maps and tables).

Contents: Description of the scale of the planned colonization of all areas envisaged for this with specific boundaries of individual settlement areas. The region was supposed to cover an area of ​​330,000 km² with 360,100 rural households. The required number of migrants was estimated at 12.21 million people (of which 2.859 million were peasants and those employed in forestry). The area planned for settlement was to be cleared of approximately 30.8 million people. The costs of implementing the plan were estimated at 144 billion Reichsmarks.

The final version of the “General Plan Ost” does not exist in the form of a single document.

This document consists of four sections: 1) “General comments on the Ost master plan”; 2) “General remarks on the issue of Germanization, especially on the future attitude towards the inhabitants of the former Baltic states”; 3) “Towards a solution to the Polish question”; 4) “On the question of future treatment of the Russian population.”

The first section examines the issue of relocating Germans to the eastern territories. The resettlement was planned to take place within 30 years after the end of the war. On spaces former USSR, conquered by Germany, 14 million Slavs were supposed to remain in the German settlement area. They were supposed to be brought under the control of 4.5 million Germans. “Racially undesirable local residents” were going to be sent to Western Siberia. 5-6 million Jews located in the eastern regions were subject to liquidation even before the start of resettlement activities.

The author of the notes expresses doubts regarding the implementation of these points of the program. If the “Jewish question” can still be resolved, then with the Slavs the situation is not so simple. Wetzel is dissatisfied with the fact that the plan ignores the fact of the settlement of persons “suitable for Germanization within the boundaries of the German Empire proper.”

The official is also critical of the calculations of the size of the Slavic population intended for resettlement. He believes that the statistical data presented in the plan have little connection to reality and do not take into account which peoples are friendly or hostile towards the Germans.

Among those who were suitable for “Germanization” or racial “renewal” ( Umvolkung) according to the criteria of the "Nordic type", there were Lithuanians, Estonians and Latvians. According to Wetzel, representatives of these peoples are needed in order to manage vast territories in the East with their help. The Baltic people were suitable for this role because they had been brought up in the European spirit and had “learned at least the basic concepts European culture» .

The third section describes the expected line of behavior of the Germans on the “Polish question”. Based on the history of relations between nations, the official concludes that the Poles “are the most hostile” and “the most dangerous people.” At the same time, he notes that “the Polish question cannot be resolved by liquidating the Poles”: “Such a decision would forever burden the conscience of the German people and would deprive us of everyone’s sympathy, especially since other peoples neighboring us would begin to fear that in one fine time they will suffer the same fate.” Wetzel even proposes to resettle some of the Poles “to South America, especially to Brazil.”

In the same section, the official dwells on the future fate of Ukrainians and Belarusians. He notes that in accordance with the plan, about 65% of Ukrainians will be resettled in Siberia. It is planned to do the same with Belarusians, but 75% will be resettled, and 25% “are subject to Germanization.” As for the Czechs, 50% are subject to eviction, and 50% to Germanization.

The last section is devoted to the “Russian question”. The author of the notes attaches great importance to it in the context of the “entire eastern problem.” He cites the point of view of Doctor of Anthropological Sciences Wolfgang Abel, who proposed either completely destroying the Russians, or Germanizing a certain part of them that has “obvious Nordic characteristics.” On this occasion, Wetzel writes: “The path proposed by Abel for the liquidation of the Russians as a people, not to mention the fact that its implementation would hardly be possible, is also not suitable for us for political and economic reasons.”

Ratings

In the work “The Great Patriotic War Without Classification. The Book of Losses”, prepared under the leadership of Candidate of Military Sciences G.V. Krivosheev, states that in accordance with the Ost plan, more than 7.4 million civilians (including Jews) were deliberately exterminated in the occupied territories of the USSR.

see also

Notes

1. Nuremberg trials. Crimes against humanity (vol. 5) (undefined) Archived January 20, 2013.
2. Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte, 1958, Nr. 3. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart, S. 298
3. Helmut Heiber: Generalplan Ost. In: Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte, 1958, Nr. 3. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart, S. 293
4. Helmut Heiber: Generalplan Ost. In: Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte, 1958, Nr. 3. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart, S. 285
5. Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte, 1958, Nr. 3. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart, S. 293-296
6. State security bodies of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War. Collection of documents. Volume 3. Book. 1. M.: Rus, 2003. P. 588-590
7. Helmut Heiber: Generalplan Ost. In: Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte, 1958, Nr. 3. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart, S. 285-286
8. Helmut Heiber: Generalplan Ost. In: Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte, 1958, Nr. 3. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart, S. 289
9. 4. German occupation regime (undefined) . Retrieved January 3, 2013. Archived January 20, 2013.
10. Generalplan Ost Rechtliche, wirtschaftliche und räumliche Grundlagen des Ostaufbaus, Vorgelegt von SS-Oberführer Professor Dr. XX, Berlin-Dahlem, 28 May 1942
11. Helmut Heiber: Generalplan Ost. In: Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte, 1958, Nr. 3. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart, S. 285-286.
12. Helmut Heiber: Generalplan Ost. In: Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte, 1958, Nr. 3. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart, S. 285.
13. Comments and proposals of the “Eastern Ministry” on the Ost master plan // Military History Journal. 1965. No. 1. P. 82-83
14. “German generals - with and without Hitler.”, Chapter 6 “Plans on paper and in life. Plan "Barbarossa" // Bezymensky L. A. German generals - with and without Hitler / Ed. 2nd, revised and additional - M.: Mysl, 1964. - 533 pages with illustrations. (1st edition: M.: Sotsekgiz, 1961, - 400 pp., circulation 60,000 copies)
15. Chapter 29. “Hitler and Stalin before the fight” // Bezymensky L. A. Hitler and Stalin before the fight. - M.: Veche, 2000. - 512 p. Circulation 10,000 copies.
16. The author also understands shelling and bombing of cities as deliberate extermination. Krivosheev, Andronikov, Burikov: The Great Patriotic War is not classified. Book of losses. Veche, 2014

Literature

In Russian

• Eichholtz D. (German) Russian Germany’s goals in the war against the USSR // New and recent history. No. 6. 2002. (copy)
• Eichholtz D. (German) Russian“General Plan Ost: on the issue of the enslavement of Eastern European peoples” // Skepsis, May - September 2004
• Bezymensky L.A. German generals - with and without Hitler. M.: Mysl, 1964.

Introduction

The Great Patriotic War brought the peoples of the USSR not only enormous sacrifices at the front. Millions of civilians were killed by the slaughter unleashed by the Nazis. Regardless of any norms international law and civilized relations, the fascist army, having declared the total extermination of the Slavic peoples, methodically organized inhuman terror in the territories it occupied.

The regime established on the territory of the USSR, which was temporarily occupied by the troops of Nazi Germany and its satellites during the Great Patriotic War, was distinguished by exceptional cruelty and atrocities towards the population - mass repression and extermination of citizens, destruction and looting National economy, cultural values.

The essence of the master plan "Ost"

The main feature of the aggressive expansionist program was the desire to conquer the peoples of Eastern Europe with fire and sword, to completely deprive them of state independence, national culture and identity, to appropriate their national wealth, to turn the population of Eastern European states into powerless slaves, to use them as cheap work force.

In 1936, one of the prominent Nazis, Oberführer CA B. Kasche, in a special note “The Future Living Space of the Germans,” outlined the boundaries of the German colonial empire in Eurasia: “The goal will be achieved if beyond the Urals we reach the Ob-Irtysh-Tobol line and if the border from there runs to the Aral Sea and along the western coast of the Caspian Sea, through the southern border of Georgia, across the Black Sea to the Dniester and along the Carpathians through the Czech Republic to the eastern part of Austria, along the southern border to Basel and if the northern borders are the Baltic Sea, the old Finnish border and the Arctic Ocean. It is only a matter of time that in the West the German border will be established north of the Basel-Bay of Biscay line and reach the open sea" "TOP SECRET! FOR COMMAND ONLY!” - Colonel Dashichev - page 97. .

In March 1939, Nazi troops captured Czechoslovakia. It was completely deprived of its independence and transformed into the "Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia." In September 1939, Poland fell under the attacks of the Wehrmacht. According to Hitler's special decree of October 12, 1939, most of the Polish territory - Polish Silesia, Greater Poland, Pomerania, some areas of the Lodz and Warsaw voivodeships - were included in Nazi Germany. Later, the areas of Suwalki, Ciechanow and Bialystok were annexed to the third empire.

The Nazis’ plans for the peoples of the Soviet Union were especially inhuman and cruel, because in the war against the USSR .

To develop specific measures aimed at enslaving the peoples of the Soviet Union, at the beginning of April 1941, the Central Bureau for preparing a solution to the issue of the eastern space, headed by Rosenberg, was formed. The initial plans drawn up under his leadership were based on the old principle: divide and conquer, to which the requirement was added - destroy. It was planned to temporarily place the occupied Soviet territories under the control of imperial commissariats. At the end of the war, which, according to the calculations of the Nazis, should have been expected in the late autumn of 1941, the Baltic republics and Crimea were planned to immediately be turned into areas of German colonization. Belarus, Ukraine and Turkestan were to become buffer states, completely subordinate to Germany. Their borders were supposed to be moved far to the East in order to reduce the territory of Russia, which was doomed to liquidation as a state. In the Caucasus, Rosenberg proposed creating a state association federally associated with Germany, headed by a German commissioner. The plan intended to establish a different, softer attitude towards the population of Ukraine, the Baltic republics and the Caucasus than towards the Russians. This was pursued by the goal of finding among the peoples of the Soviet Union sympathizers with Germany, opponents and haters of Soviet power, in order to fight Russia and the hands of others. "TOP SECRET! FOR COMMANDS ONLY! " - Colonel Dashichev - page 98

Hitler rejected Rosenberg's plan as too lenient. He demanded to go ahead in the colonization of the “eastern space” by the Germans and not to give leniency to any people. In his opinion, the Wehrmacht could carry out its colonialist mission independently, without the help of nationalists, including Ukrainians, and create a powerful colonial empire on the ruins of conquered states, pushed as far as possible to the East.

Soon after the invasion of the armed forces of Nazi Germany on Soviet territory, Hitler declared in a narrow circle of his associates that his main goal in the war against the USSR was to deprive the eastern peoples of any form government organization and accordingly keep them at the lowest possible level of culture “TOP SECRET! FOR COMMANDS ONLY! " - Colonel Dashichev - page 99.

For the practical implementation of broad imperialist plans for the enslavement of the peoples of the Soviet Union, in accordance with Hitler’s decree of July 17, 1941, the Imperial Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Regions, called for short the “Eastern Ministry,” was created. A. Rosenberg was placed at its head. It was located in Berlin. Rosenberg was subordinate to four imperial commissariats into which it was planned to divide the territory of the Soviet Union, namely: Ostland, Ukrainian, Moscow and Caucasus (they were headed respectively by Lohse, Koch, Kasche and Schickedanz). In turn, the imperial commissariats were divided into general commissariats. The Ostland imperial commissariat included the Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian and Belarusian general commissariats, the Ukrainian - Volyn-Podolsk, Nikolaev, Zhytomyr, Kiev, Dnepropetrovsk and Tauride general commissariats “TOP SECRET! FOR COMMANDS ONLY! " - Colonel Dashichev - page 99. These imperial commissariats began their criminal activities in the occupied Soviet territory in September 1941. The Moscow and Caucasian commissariats were never destined to leave Berlin, since the Soviet Army crossed out the aggressive plans of the Nazi command.

The lowest level of the German occupation administration was the regional commissariat. It was planned to create 1050 such commissariats on occupied Soviet territory. To staff them, 144 CA officers, 711 officials from the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the fascist organization “Labor Front” were seconded to the “eastern ministry” “TOP SECRET! FOR COMMANDS ONLY! " - Colonel Dashichev - page 99.

In addition to the "Eastern Ministry", Himmler's department - the Main Directorate of Reich Security - and the command of the German armed forces were also involved in issues of occupation policy. Organization economic exploitation in the occupied territory of the USSR was concentrated in the hands of Goering’s department as the authorized representative for the implementation of the four-year plan. All these bodies of fascist Germany developed and methodically carried out monstrous plans for the robbery and extermination of entire peoples inhabiting the territory of the USSR temporarily captured by the Wehrmacht.

Special rights in the occupied territory were given to the Economic Headquarters Ost, subordinate to Goering, which was previously called the Oldenburg Headquarters. Through this central body, the German monopolies directed the economic plunder of the natural resources and material assets of the Soviet people. It was independent from other organizations of this kind. The nature of his activities is evidenced by the instructions and directives that were collected in the “Green Folder” dated May 23, 1941, sent on June 1 of the same year to various Nazi authorities related to the implementation of the “Eastern Policy.” One of these instructions, dated May 2, 1941, which dealt with the extortion of food from the occupied areas for the Wehrmacht, said: “Undoubtedly, tens of millions of people will die of hunger if we take from this country what we need.” Another instruction, dated May 23, 1941, concerning Russian agriculture, stated: “Many millions of people will become redundant in this territory, they will have to die or move to Siberia. Attempts to save the population there from starvation can only be made to the detriment of supplies to Europe. They will undermine Germany's resilience in the war, they will undermine the ability of Germany and Europe to withstand the blockade." "TOP SECRET! FOR COMMANDS ONLY! " - Colonel Dashichev - page 100

In terms of their cynical cruelty and inhumanity, meticulously elevated into a coherent system of state policy, the instructions of the “Green Folder” can be second only to another document, the “General Plan “Ost”, which is one of the most shameful phenomena in the history of mankind.

To this day, the original General Plan Ost has not been discovered. However, after the defeat of Nazi Germany, a very valuable document was found and made available to the Nuremberg military tribunal, which allows us to get an idea of ​​this plan and, in general, of Germany’s policy towards the peoples of Eastern Europe. It's about on “Comments and proposals on the General Plan “Ost” of the Reichsführer of the SS Troops” This document was signed on April 27, 1942 by E. Wetzel - head of the colonization department of the 1st Main Political Directorate of the "Eastern Ministry".

As this document testifies, the “General Plan Ost” provided for the eviction of about 31 million people from the territory of Poland and the western part of the Soviet Union within 30 years (80-85 percent of the Polish population, or 16-20.4 million people, 65 percent population of Western Ukraine, 75 percent of the population of Belarus, a significant part of the population of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia) and settle 10 million Germans on these lands. The remaining population here (according to the calculations of the drafters of the plan - 15 million people) was supposed to be gradually Germanized through a number of special events.

The “Eastern Ministry” found the number of residents to be evicted established by the “General Plan Ost” too low and proposed increasing it to 46-51 million people, and this figure did not include about 3.5 million Czechs “not intended for Germanization” ", which were to be "gradually removed from the territory of the empire." For the settlement of these tens of millions of people, the rulers of Nazi Germany targeted Western Siberia, the North Caucasus, as well as South America and Africa.

The “Eastern Ministry” supplemented the “General Plan “Ost” and on the issue of policy towards the Russian people. It was not only about the defeat of the state with its center in Moscow, the point was most likely to defeat the Russians as a people and divide them.

For this purpose, Rosenberg's department proposed dividing the territory inhabited by Russians into various political regions with their own governing bodies in order to ensure separate national development in each of them. To others the most important means To achieve this goal, it was considered the destruction of the intelligentsia as the bearer of the culture of the people, their scientific and technical knowledge, as well as an artificial reduction in the birth rate in order to sharply reduce the population. By taking these measures, the Nazis hoped to undermine the strength of the Russian people and thereby preserve German dominance for a long time.

This is this monstrous plan for reprisals against the peoples of Eastern Europe, which was planned to be carried out after the victory over the Soviet Union.

"The General Plan "Ost" was revised and refined in 1942 in connection with the preparation of a broader, savage "General Colonization Plan", which also included issues of Germanization of the Czech population, Alsace, Lorraine and Northern Slovenia "TOP SECRET! FOR COMMAND ONLY!" - Colonel Dashichev - page 102

The Nazis began to carry out some of the activities outlined in the General Plan Ost during the occupation of Soviet territory. This primarily relates to plans for the systematic extermination of civilians and prisoners of war.

The Germans were guided in their occupation policy in the East by the principle: the more people died, the easier it would be to carry out colonization. In November 1941, Goering told the Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs: “This year in Russia between 20 and 30 million people will die of hunger. Maybe it’s even good that this will happen, because some nations need to be reduced.” “TOP SECRET!” FOR COMMANDS ONLY! " - Colonel Dashichev - page 102

This policy bore fruits of the devil by the beginning of 1942, out of 3.9 million Soviet prisoners of war remained alive, according to the official of the Ministry of Labor of Nazi Germany E. Mansfeld, 1.1 million of the 5.75 million Soviet prisoners of war by May 1, 1944 died in the camps 1.981 million people, 1.030 million were “killed while trying to escape” or handed over to the Gestapo for liquidation, 280 thousand died in transit points and camps 19. Thus, according to very incomplete data, about 3.3 million Soviet prisoners of war by mid-1944 were brutally tortured and killed in the fascist camp hell. Accurate data on how much Soviet civilian population died during the fascist occupation, no. But we must assume that these victims number more than one million people. If before the war 88 million people lived on enemy-occupied Soviet territory, then after the war this population decreased to 55 million people, i.e. by 33 million, including urban from 25 to 10 million, rural from 63 to 45 million people. Of these 33 million people, 10 million are “TOP SECRET! FOR COMMANDS ONLY! " - Colonel Dashichev - page 103 were evacuated to the rear, part of the population was drafted into the Soviet Army, the rest were driven by the invaders to Germany, destroyed or died from hunger and disease.

From the “Remarks and Suggestions on the Master Plan Ost of the Reichsführer of the SS Troops” “TOP SECRET! FOR COMMANDS ONLY! " - Colonel Dashichev - page 108:

More or less definitely, a line running from Lake Ladoga to the Valdai Hills and further to Bryansk was established as the eastern border of colonization (in its northern and middle part). The settlement of this area by the Germans was supposed to take place for about 30 years after the end of the war. According to the plan, 14 million local residents were to remain in this territory. The Ost master plan provided that after the end of the war the number of settlers for the immediate colonization of the eastern territories should be 4,550 thousand people. These 4,550 thousand Germans were to be distributed in such territories as the Danzig region - West Prussia, the Wart region, Upper Silesia, the General Government, South-East Prussia, the Bialystok region, the Baltic states, Ingermanland, Belarus, and partly also the regions of Ukraine. If we take into account the favorable increase in population through an increase in the birth rate, as well as to a certain extent the influx of immigrants from other countries inhabited by Germanic peoples, then we can count on 8 million Germans to colonize these territories over a period of about 30 years.

According to the plan, these 8 million Germans account for 45 million local residents of non-German origin, of which 31 million should be evicted from these territories.

According to German estimates, there were approximately 36 million people on the territory of former Poland. About 1 million local Germans were excluded from them. The Baltic countries numbered 5.5 million people. Obviously, the master plan "Ost" also took into account the Soviet Zhitomir, Kamenets-Podolsk and partly Vinnytsia regions as territories for colonization. The population of the Zhytomyr and Kamenets-Podolsk regions is approximately 3.6 million people, and the Vinnitsa region is about 2 million people, since a significant part of it was within the sphere of interests of Romania. Consequently, the total population living here is approximately 5.5-5.6 million people. Thus, the total population of the regions under consideration is 51 million. Approximately 5-6 million Jews (Holocaust (from the English holocaust, from other Greek - “burnt offering”) - persecution and mass extermination of Jews in Germany during the Second World War war; systematic persecution and extermination of European Jews by Nazi Germany and collaborators throughout 1933-1945) living in this territory had to be eliminated even before the eviction took place

The plan called for the resettlement of racially undesirable local residents to Western Siberia. At the same time, percentage figures were given for individual peoples, and thereby the fate of these peoples was decided, although there is still no accurate data on their racial composition. Further, the same approach was established for all peoples, without taking into account whether and to what extent the Germanization of the corresponding peoples was envisaged, whether this concerned peoples friendly or hostile to the Germans.

On the issue of Belarusians.

According to the plan, it was envisaged (the eviction of 75 percent of the Belarusian population from the territory they occupied. 25% of Belarusians, according to the plan of the Main Directorate of Imperial Security, were subject to Germanization.

It was believed that the racially undesirable Belarusian population would remain on the territory of Belarus for many years. In this regard, according to the plan, it is necessary to carefully select, if possible, Belarusians of the Nordic type, suitable for racial and political reasons for Germanization, and send them to Germany for the purpose of using them as labor. They can be used in agriculture as agricultural workers, and also in industry or as artisans. Since they would be treated as Germans and due to their lack of national feeling, they would soon, at least in the next generation, be completely Germanized.

According to the master plan, Belarusians who are racially unsuitable for Germanization should also be resettled in Western Siberia. According to the Germans, Belarusians are the most harmless and therefore the safest people of all the peoples of the eastern regions. Even those Belarusians who, for racial reasons, cannot be left on the territory intended for colonization by the German people can, to a greater extent than representatives of other peoples of the eastern regions, be used in their own interests. Resettle Belarusians to the Urals or to the regions North Caucasus, which in part could also serve as reserve territories for European colonization.

From Bormann's letter to Rosenberg "regarding politics

in the occupied territories" "TOP SECRET! FOR COMMAND ONLY!" - Colonel Dashichev - page 122 it can be understood that the fascists highlighted the following principles:

They were interested in reducing population growth in the occupied eastern regions through abortion. German lawyers should not have interfered with this under any circumstances. Widespread trade in protective equipment should have been allowed in the occupied eastern territories. Germany was not interested in the non-German population multiplying.

Therefore, German service should not have been introduced for the local population of the occupied eastern regions. For example, under no circumstances were vaccinations or other health measures to be carried out for the non-German population.

Under no circumstances should the local population be given more high education. The Germans saw this as a great threat. Therefore, it was quite enough to teach the local population, including Ukrainians, only reading and writing. In no case should any measures be taken to develop feelings of superiority among the local population. It was necessary to do just the opposite.

Instead of the current alphabet, in the future it was planned to introduce the Latin script for teaching in schools.

The Germans must be removed from Ukrainian cities. Even placing them in barracks outside the cities is better than settling inside the cities, according to the invaders. Under no circumstances should Russian (Ukrainian) cities be built or improved, because the local population should not have a higher standard of living.

The Germans had to live in newly built cities and villages, strictly isolated from the Russian (Ukrainian) population. Therefore, houses built for Germans should not be similar to Russian (Ukrainian) ones. Huts, thatched roofs, etc. for Germans are excluded.

In the indigenous territory of Germany, too many things are regulated by law, according to the fascists. This should not have been practiced by the Germans in the occupied eastern regions. It was not necessary to issue too many laws for the local population - here it was necessary to limit it to the most necessary. The German administration therefore had to be small. The regional commissioner was supposed to work with local elders. Under no circumstances should a unified Ukrainian government be created at the level of the General Commissariat or even the Reichskommissariat.

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