Plastic bags with logo. Manufacturers of packaging bags in Russia Technology for manufacturing plastic bags

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Plastic bags are used everywhere: in supermarkets and stores, for standard and gift packaging, for storing food and removing garbage.

It is impossible to list all the areas of application of plastic bags. Gone are the days when our compatriots preferred to use rag bags, and plastic bags were carefully folded and stored. Today, a plastic bag fulfills its main purpose - to be a disposable means for packaging and comfortable transportation of products. This means that the demand for them will be stable and not prone to decline.

In addition to the obvious functions, packages have become a means of effective mobile advertising– after all, almost every large company, boutique or supermarket has a branded package with the company logo, a list of services and contact information, which are given out as a gift. And the client is pleased, and there is never too much advertising.

Analysis of demand for products (plastic bags) and sales market

According to statistics, there are enough unfilled niches in the domestic production market, because 20% of polyethylene products continue to come from foreign manufacturers. At the same time, the main competitors of domestic entrepreneurs are Turkish and Chinese-made bags, characterized by extremely low prices and appropriate quality. Torn handles, not completely soldered seams, falling out bottoms are just a small list of the “delights” of purchasing such products. But for our consumers, price has always been the decisive factor, so such competition takes place, especially in border regions.

However, this applies only to direct wholesale sales of finished products. It is much more profitable to work to order, concluding agreements for the supply of packaging materials and ready-made bags for various trade, manufacturing, construction and agricultural enterprises. This is where the “company image” rule comes into play: no self-respecting company will offer the buyer a product in low-quality packaging.

Polyethylene products are in demand in any region. Moreover, even if a large plant already operates in your city, medium and small businesses can freely find their niche by studying the offers of competitors. There are many types of plastic bags: banana bags, T-shirt bags, garbage bags, gift bags, promotional packaging with a logo, single-layer, multi-layer, various sizes, colors and shapes. The entrepreneur’s task is to find products with the highest demand, or to occupy a niche not covered by other manufacturers.

Choosing a strategy and legal registration of business

When starting the production of plastic bags, you can go in two ways:

• full cycle production (from film production to production of bags of any configuration);
• partial production (from purchasing finished film, applying images, cutting into shapes with subsequent soldering).

Let's consider the full cycle as a more promising type of business. Although such an enterprise will require more capital investments, sales opportunities, versatility of the products produced and, accordingly, profitability will be significantly higher. In addition, such an enterprise can become the same supplier of finished film for incomplete cycle production.

Possibility of using the finished film:

• universal packaging material,
• construction waterproofing,
• material for greenhouses, greenhouses and other needs of the agricultural sector,
• protection from pollution during construction or repair work.

Optimal organizational form for the production of polyethylene products – entity on a simplified taxation system.

When registering an enterprise, you must indicate the following OKVED codes:

• 25.2 — Production of plastic products
• 25.22 — Production of plastic products for packaging
• 51.47 — Wholesale other non-food consumer goods.

To start a workshop, you will need a production certificate, permits obtained from the local administration, the sanitary-epidemiological and environmental service, energy supervision, and fire protection. The production of film for plastic bags must comply with GOST 10354-82 (certification of cling film is required to be confirmed every 3 months). But in order to obtain such a certificate, you must run technological line(of course, after receiving all production permits), and provide the resulting samples for an expert opinion.

Premises for the production of plastic bags

The production of polyethylene film is an environmentally harmful production, therefore there are a number of specific requirements for choosing a room:

• the production workshop or mini-factory must be located in an industrial or suburban non-residential area;
• availability of supply and exhaust ventilation, heating and humidity control in the workshop and warehouse;
• three-phase electrical connection, grounding of batteries; - ceiling height of at least 8 m (extrusion machine height ~6 m), interior decoration of walls, floor, ceiling - from non-combustible materials;
• accommodation production equipment the workshop premises must comply with GOST 12.3.002-74;
• the presence of a fire protection system, the possibility of safe evacuation in case of fire;
• the organization of workplaces must comply with the requirements of GOSTs 12.2.061-81 and 12.3.002-74, as well as ergonomic characteristics in accordance with GOSTs 12.2.033-78, 12.2.032-78.

To accommodate a complex of production equipment, you will need a room of 300 square meters, which will be divided into three parts: a production workshop (180 m2), a warehouse for raw materials and finished products (80 m2), an office and an exhibition hall (40 m2).

Equipment for the production of plastic bags

For the production of polyethylene film with subsequent formation of bags, it is planned to purchase a production line consisting of the following equipment:

1) Extruder– converter of raw material granules into film (width 300-550 mm, thickness - 0.009 - 0.10 mm), using the bottom-up blowing method. Productivity – 40 kg/hour;

2) Flexo printing machine– for printing drawings, logos and other images;

3) Plastic Packaging Clip Making Machine;

4)Multifunctional bag making machine, with a built-in punching press, equipped with a servo drive, photosensor, conveyor, thermal needles, and allowing the production of packages of various modifications, incl. T-shirt, banana, double bottom seal bags, garbage bags, food packaging with plastic clip, etc.

The cost of the production line with delivery, setup, personnel training and signal launch is RUB 3,840,000.

In addition to the machines, it is planned to purchase office, exhibition and warehouse equipment(racks, boxes, boxes, tables, stands) for placement of raw materials, finished products and equipment of workplaces for personnel. The cost of additional equipment for the workshop is 60,000 rubles.

Raw materials for the production of polyethylene bags

Polyethylene film is made from first grade or recycled polymer granules.

Two types of raw materials are used:

• HDPE (low-density polyethylene, GOST 16338-85), for contact with bulk and dry products;
• LDPE (polyethylene high pressure, GOST 16337-77), intended for packaging food products).

The cheapest raw material is South Korean granulate (~ $380 per ton), but there are many other types of domestic or foreign production, with a price range from $420 to $750 per ton. To produce colored film, special dyes are added to the raw materials ($15-50 per 1 kg).

At production of garbage bags or other types of non-food film, you can also use recycled granulate, which is much cheaper because it is made from polyethylene waste, but the quality of such raw materials is correspondingly low.

Technology for the production of plastic bags

1. Polymer granules are loaded into extruder hopper, from where they are picked up by the feed auger. Here the temperature is maintained from 180 0 C to 240 0 C and as they move, the granules heat up, melting into homogeneous mass. As a result of extrusion, it is formed polyethylene film in the shape of a pipe (sleeve). One extruder can produce film of various thicknesses and widths through special settings.

2. The polyethylene “pipe” is gradually cooled, then rolled out with rollers.

3. The sleeve is cut with an automatic knife so that two identical strips of the required width are obtained.

4. The winder winds the film into rolls (cuts are packaged separately for recycling). When the roll width reaches the set size, the roll is moved away with the help of the operator and the next one begins to be wound. And so on until the end of the produced film.

5. Drawing. The paint is diluted with alcohol and constantly stirred so as not to lose viscosity.

6. Using a dispenser, the dye is supplied to special ink rollers, which print the design. After printing, the film is again wound into rolls.

7. The finished roll enters the bag-making machine, where a template for future bags is formed and the bottom fold is highlighted.

8. A stamping press makes holes for the handles (cuts out the “t-shirt”, cuts off the top for attaching a plastic fastener - it all depends on the template).

9. The welding surface connects the edges, sealing them by heating up to 180 0 C. The finished bags are formed into packs of 100 pieces.

10. Quality control. Checking the soldering of seams and fasteners.

Business plan for the production of plastic bags

The cost of manufacturing plastic bags is calculated individually for each order, since in addition to the price of the granulate used, it depends on a number of additional factors:

• size, shape, package design,
• film density,
• the presence of a reinforced handle and bottom fold,
• color printing (number of shades involved, pattern area, presence of complex registrations, one-sided, two-sided printing, etc.).

To calculate the payback of a business project, let’s take the production of white opaque bags with a die-cut handle, 40 cm wide, 60 cm high and a side fold thickness of 16 microns.

The cost of such a package made from HDPE granules is 0.13 kopecks, and the wholesale selling price is 0.70 kopecks. Considering that production capacity allow you to produce about 70 pieces/minute, then with one-shift work and 22 working days, the profit will be: 60 min * 8 hours * 22 rubles/day * 70 pieces (0.70 - 0.13 rubles) = 421,344 rubles/month .

Expenditure part:

• rent of a production workshop (300 m 2 *150 rub./m 2) = 45,000 rub./month,
• electricity – 8,000 rub./month,
• heating (for 6 months of the heating season, divided equally into all months of the year),
• water and others public utilities– 12,000 rub./month,
• staff salaries (6 people: director, accountant, technologist, 3 workers) – 128,000 rubles/month.,
• income tax (15% of profit minus expenses) – 34,252 rubles/month.

Total expenses: 227,252 rubles/month.

Net profit: 421 344 – 227 252 = RUB 194,092/month.

Profitability calculation:

Initial investment (RUB 3,930,000):

• purchase of equipment - RUB 3,840,000,
• additional equipment – ​​60,000 rubles,
• costs for documenting production (opening law firm, receiving necessary permits and product certification) – 30,000 rubles.

With an estimated profit of RUB 194,092/month, the initial investment will pay off in 1 year and 9 months.

It should be taken into account that the calculations were based on one of the most simple options finished products, but it all depends on demand and sales opportunities in your region. For example, the selling price of color packages of the same parameters will be higher by 15%, with one central single-color image - by 34% (with an increase in cost of 5 and 10%, respectively). In addition, the company can accept orders for the production of LDPE or HDPE packages according to individual designs, and the profitability of such projects is much higher.

Polyethylene plastic bags are used for various purposes and are used in all industries and economic activity. You can carry everything in them - from food to electronic goods.

PRODUCTION

The PAKVERK company in Moscow produces polymer materials different types. The production of plastic bags is one of the specializations of our enterprise. The products we offer are useful in everyday life; they are used when making purchases and transporting various goods.

You can order the production of different types of bags from us:

• thin “T-shirts” of different sizes;
• made of thick film with a reinforced cut-out handle, reinforced with an additional strip of film;
• bags with side folds;
• production of large bags and non-standard sizes;
• production of classic bags with an overhead handle;
• with a cut-out handle and a plain/filled bottom;
• with clasp;
• production of thin packaging bags without handles in rolls;
• garbage bags, etc.

PACKAGES WITH LOGO

In accordance with customer requirements, we can apply high-quality flexographic printing using the latest imported dyes. Printing is carried out using the latest technology, with special attention to high quality our packages.

When ordering production for packages various types at the KORPAK plant in Moscow, it is important to indicate the following parameters:

• size;
• type of handle on bags - die-cut reinforced/non-reinforced handle, without handle;
• bottom type - regular/embedded;
• film density;
• printing color - monochrome, 4 colors or full color;
• maximum sealing area on a plastic bag;
• circulation.

Get more detailed information You can contact our managers about products and terms of cooperation and production.

The Spectr Pro-Active company, a direct manufacturer of polyethylene products, offers to order wholesale packaging with your own image in Moscow and the Moscow region with further delivery. Product production is the main direction of our work.

Urgent printing

You can order from us the urgent creation of packaging products from film with images in different editions, and large ones - from 50 thousand pieces. For quick application, silk-screen printing is used (an expensive method). As a result, you are provided with a high-quality, reliable and versatile product at fairly affordable prices.

Our advantages

• Fast order processing. We can produce products in as soon as possible, if necessary by the customer.
• Right price. In our company “Spectrum Pro-Active” you can order products with a logo cheaply. The cost depends on the type of package, the number of copies, and the complexity of the logo, but as a result, the price of the product is considered by our company to be one of the most profitable on the market.
• Full range of offers: from creating a template to delivering ready-made packages.

You can clarify the specifics of selecting products for a specific purpose and place an order for products with a design or printing on products from our employees by calling the numbers listed on the website.

What film materials do we use for production?

The Spectr Pro-Active enterprise produces packaging using the following film materials:

1. High pressure (HHP);
2. Low pressure (LPP);
3. Medium pressure (MPD);
4. Multilayer film (COEX).

The high-pressure film is similar to wax upon tactile contact. It has little strength and is translucent. As for service characteristics, LDPE is resistant to compression, separation, and resistant to mechanical defects from sharp objects. In any case, this material is quite easy to pull out. Typically, fashion products are made directly from high-pressure film. For presentation or promotion, it is recommended to use high-pressure film packaging.

Low-pressure film is the most durable, bags made from it are made thinner, less energy is spent on them, and subsequently the price of these products is noticeably lower. In addition, these packages have a high tensile density. The disadvantages of HDPE products are: appearance, difficulties in printing full-color images with high resolution and fairly rapid wear of polyethylene. This packaging is considered suitable for numerous applications.

We will tell you why a business idea for producing plastic bags will not fail, how much money is needed to start a project and how justified is investing in such production.

Most entrepreneurs prefer to start in already developed industries, building a business in the image and likeness of successful analogues. The production of plastic bags is one of these areas.

Do you want to know what investments a new business will require, why it is attractive and unique, and what profit it will bring? Read our article carefully.

How in demand is the production of plastic bags?

The production of packaging materials attracts entrepreneurs with constant demand. Polyethylene has become the most popular packaging method in recent decades, and this trend is not slowing down.

Plastic bags are used in trade, catering, manufacturing, construction, and private households. PET is used to produce bags for garbage, bread, clothing, freezing, sandwiches, cling film, etc. And bright plastic bags with logos are an excellent advertising medium, inexpensive and effective.

We often hear about the need to replace plastic with paper, etc. There is a trend towards this, but the market situation in Russia dictates its own laws. Therefore, you should not be surprised by the opening of another PET production facility: the population and entrepreneurs are choosing budget products.

Why won't such a business idea fail?

So, the first factor in the attractiveness of film packaging is the constant demand of consumers.

The second factor is a wide range of. A full-cycle PET plant will satisfy the demands of cities and villages, trade, construction, manufacturing companies, respond to seasonal changes in demand.

For example, during the summer season, covering material (films for greenhouses) is in demand, and when harvesting, thick bags are needed for storing and transporting vegetables, etc.

How else does a PET mini-plant attract entrepreneurs, and where do the risks await them?

Let's consider the pros and cons of the project:

Strategy: mini-shop or full cycle?

Is it possible to build a profitable enterprise with minimal start-up capital?

To answer this question, let's conduct a brief comparative analysis:

The table shows the average parameters. Setting up a full-cycle workshop will require 10 times more money and effort than starting a mini-line. But these costs will pay off faster: the cost of production is twice as high, the range is wider.

The first option (for example, a mini-workshop for the production of garbage bags) will become profitable business, if three conditions are met:

1. A profitable contract for the sale of products has been concluded.
2. An agreement was signed for high-quality raw materials at a low price.
3. Costs for delivery and maintenance of the workshop are minimal.

At the same time, the second option, based on the complete processing of raw materials into film and then into bags, may not bring the expected income, but losses. The reason will be the refusal of the wholesaler to cooperate, an increase in prices for raw materials or other commercial risk.

Having invested a large sum in development, you need to be prepared for both high profits, and to great losses. The result of any undertaking depends on the specific conditions of doing business, agreements with partners, the market situation and the managerial competence of the owner.

Watch the workshop in action in video format:

Where to start making plastic bags - step-by-step instructions for a businessman

Before making any investment, conduct market research and create a business plan. These actions are necessary, regardless of the chosen production format.

Of course, you can spend money by ordering marketing research from specialists. But if your plans do not include setting up an international holding company to produce T-shirt bags, and your interests are limited to selling packaging for the needs of nearby farms Villa-Kukuevo and retail outlets on the Rublevo-Figasevo highway, conduct your marketing.

Let's look at the parameters that are definitely worth studying.

Consumers. Think about who your customers will be, what products they will purchase and in what quantities. Take into account seasonal demand (if you plan to cooperate with construction companies and agriculture). Also evaluate the distance of customers from your warehouse (price and delivery times matter!).

Advice: take advantage personal connections and conduct research in the business environment, find out about the needs of different companies for film or bags, volumes, prices, competitors, etc.

Competitors. Analyze who supplies products to your region, whether there are local manufacturers. Evaluate the quality of their product, cost, delivery conditions.

Raw material suppliers. Determine the conditions under which you will receive raw materials for your workshop. Evaluate the cost, delivery time, payment procedure, manufacturer’s guarantees, batch sizes and everything that you consider important for your specific business.

Advice: compare several offers and identify two or three suppliers with the most favorable conditions for you.

Business infrastructure. At this stage, determine where your business will be located and who will serve it. Economical options are good if other processes are not affected.

For example, if you choose cheap rental premises 120 km from consumers and the railway station, you risk ruining your business. Transportation costs for transporting containers with PET granules and delivering finished products to the Rublevo-Figasevo highway will become the main cost item; there will be no money for other expenses.

The number of personnel depends on the business model, its volume and strategy. Assess the labor market in your region, the level of average salaries, forecast the fund wages of your enterprise.

Explore labor legislation, think about how you will formalize relations with employees, how much taxes to pay.

Having gone through this simple path, you need to draw up a business plan.

Step 1. Draw up a business plan

If you intend to apply to a bank for a loan for equipment, a business plan will be required. Those who rely on their own capital should also not neglect planning. Make a simple forecast given the data marketing research and features technological process.

1. Sales prospects. Based on the planned capacity of the equipment, evaluate the real sales prospects. For example, with a line capacity of 5,000 plastic bags per hour, you can produce 880,000 units in a month. How many of them will you sell in the first month of work and subsequent months?
2. Prices and terms of settlements with clients. Large wholesalers will want individual conditions: low prices, deferred payments. Reflect this in your forecasts.
3. Terms of supply of raw materials. Get ready to buy raw materials on an advance payment basis. You can change the conditions and get discounts and deferments by becoming regular customer large supplier. In your business plan, take into account the costs of stocking raw materials, delivery and storage.
4. Business processes and production maintenance costs. Determine how all divisions of your enterprise will operate and how much expenses will be required to maintain it.

As a result of all the calculations, you will get a forecast of production income and expenses for the near future.

For beginners, an easy way: download for free ready business plan and modify it taking into account your parameters, obtaining a realistic forecast.

An example of a business plan with calculations of income and expenses for two years.

Step 2. Register a business

At this stage, you need to determine the form of ownership: LLC or individual entrepreneur. The last option is preferred by most entrepreneurs working in the field of small and medium-sized businesses. This is explained simple process registration and reporting: the entrepreneur submits an annual income declaration.

Important! When registering you need to select codes OKVED activities. 25.22 and 51.47 are suitable (production of plastic products for packaging; wholesale trade of non-food products).

It will take from one to three weeks to register your business, depending on the chosen form.

Step 3. Choose a room

When searching for premises, use the following parameters:

1. Area and height of ceilings. For a mini-line, a room with a standard ceiling height and an area of ​​10 m2 is sufficient. A full cycle will require special conditions: the room must have high ceilings, have a certain temperature regime for the operation of automation and an extruder (PET granules are melted in it).
2. The area of ​​the premises must be sufficient for storing raw materials and finished products, accommodating personnel (locker room, office, pantry, etc.)
3. Ventilation and communications. PET production is an unsafe process for health, so the room must have a good ventilation system. Check the quality of other communications: electrical wiring, water supply and sewerage systems, heating.
4. Driveways. It is important to have a ramp or area for loading and unloading operations.
5. Infrastructure and location. Ideally, your enterprise should be located in close proximity to consumers and suppliers of raw materials. But miracles do not happen, so look for a compromise, evaluating offers not only by the amount of rent, but also by the convenience for doing business.

Step 4. Selecting personnel

The number of personnel depends on the scale and specifics of the work. To service one line when working in one shift, two workers and a foreman with the functions of a service technician are enough. In addition to the main personnel, a sales department manager, a delivery driver, and a storekeeper may be required. Perhaps all these functions will be performed by the entrepreneur himself.

At this stage, it is necessary to establish relationships with employees by concluding contracts and defining working conditions.

Step 5. We purchase raw materials and equipment

When choosing equipment, get advice from salespeople - dealers large manufacturers lines. Determine the required composition of your line (extruder, die-cutting machine, bag line, flexo printing, etc.). It is not necessary to immediately purchase a complete set: designs for bags can be ordered externally, saving on the purchase of expensive flexo printing.

Plan timing at this stage taking into account delivery, assembly and commissioning of equipment.

When purchasing raw materials, do not forget to obtain certificates of compliance with GOSTs:

• high pressure polyethylene film, for food products GOST 16337-77 (LDPE);
• low pressure film, for bulk dry products GOST 16338-85 (HDPE).

Don’t forget about furniture and production equipment - tables and chairs, cabinets for documents and clothes, a safe, office equipment.

Step 6. Launch the business and begin sales

After registering the enterprise, technical launch of the equipment and training of personnel, proceed to production. By the time you open, you should already have contracts for the supply of finished products.

What you need to properly register a business

In addition to registering an enterprise (LLC or individual entrepreneur), you must obtain permission from the local administration. Opening a PET workshop will require permits from the SES, fire department, energy supervision, and environmentalists.

You can receive a certificate of compliance of finished products with the GOST standard after the start by submitting samples for examination.

How much money will you need to start a business?

Answering the question of how much money is needed to start, here are some simple calculations:

This is an incomplete list of all costs; there are no taxes, marketing costs, transportation, etc.

Size starting capital determined taking into account specific circumstances. For example, the landlord will want an advance payment for the premises for six months, and the supplier of raw materials will ship a year's supply of pellets.

How profitable is such a business?

The production of PET products is considered a highly profitable business. But how do mathematical calculations correspond to reality?

Using the data from the previous example, we will calculate the payback of the workshop, subject to the production of one product - packaging bags:

Calculations show that the investment will pay off in 18 months. In a real situation, profit will depend on many nuances. For example, assortment and sales price, prices for raw materials and rent, etc. It is impossible to foresee all moments, but it is necessary to plan for force majeure.

Therefore, when drawing up your business plan, take into account possible downtime due to equipment breakdown, dumping of competitors' prices, increased utility costs, etc. That is, plan your income to the minimum and expenses to the maximum - this approach will give a realistic picture.

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Plastic bags are the most common packaging material in Russia and the world. Our country is in 3rd place in terms of consumption of this product. The packages are used in a variety of areas of production and service. The demand for them is growing steadily every year, and manufacturers operating on the market cannot cover it. The niche is open to new participants, so the production of bags is a very interesting business idea.

In the article we will tell you how to open a small plant for the production of plastic bags, describe the features of the business, and provide economic calculations.

Market trends

Plastic bags in Russia began to be produced and introduced into the market in the mid-1980s, although they became widespread in the 90s.

According to data for 2016, the world market for flexible plastic packaging exceeded 60 million tons. This is somewhere around 1.5-2 trillion bags. Dynamics in the Russian Federation for last years next:

• 2013 - 26.7 billion units;
• 2014 - 24.7 billion units;
• 2015 - 24.3 billion units;
• 2016 - 22.6 billion units.

Production and consumption volumes on the market are recovering after a fall in 2014-2015, and the share of importers is declining. If just a few years ago more than half of all PE bags were imported, then in 2016 only 5 billion pieces were imported.

In Russia there are several large manufacturers and many small ones.

Analysis of product demand and sales market

Plastic bags are used for carrying and storing various things and products. This product is used in all areas of business. In everyday life, in wholesale and retail trade, in industrial enterprises, in the construction industry.

The demand for PE bags is increasing in proportion to the growth of production in the country. The more products there are, the higher the need for packaging material. There are a lot of varieties: “T-shirts”, gift, advertising, single- and multi-layer, for garbage.

It is worth highlighting the area of ​​marketing separately. All large companies order branded bags with logos and designs printed on them - this is an important element of advertising promotion.

What are the pros and cons of producing plastic bags as a business?

Before launching a business project, it is necessary to perform a SWOT analysis, evaluate the strengths and weak sides affairs.

The advantages of the production of plastic bags:

• high demand, possibility of constant sales through long-term contracts;
• simple production technology using special equipment. (the process is automated);
• employees do not need to study for a long time - it is enough to undergo general training in management and maintenance of equipment;
• The raw materials are inexpensive and can be recycled.

The disadvantages are the following:

• high costs for workshop equipment to ensure a full cycle;
• you will need a large room to accommodate all the equipment;
• V wholesale sales Goods are most often sold on deferred payments - this creates the risk of debt and a decrease in working capital.

What does it take to open a small factory?

The main expense item for initial investment is the purchase of a production line. The main monthly expense item is the purchase of raw materials.

Table 1. The amount of initial costs for creating a business for the production of plastic bags.

The calculations are relevant for a city with a population of up to 1 million people. Additional costs include costs for communal payments, advertising, cosmetic repairs.

Legal registration

We expect to open a large production facility - we will sell the goods large enterprises and wholesalers. Therefore, when registering, it is recommended to choose the LLC form.

OKVED codes for production:

• 25.2 “Production of plastic products”;
• 25.22 “Production of plastic products for packaging”;
• 51.47 “Wholesale trade of other non-food consumer goods.”

The taxation system is simplified.

All requirements for the manufactured product are specified in GOST 10354-82. To start production, you must undergo testing and receive a certificate of conformity from Rospotrebnadzor. The certificate must be confirmed every quarter (this is important because consumers request documents of compliance).

Permits from the city administration are also required, fire service, Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision.

Technology

An entrepreneur can establish a full or incomplete production cycle. A full cycle means performing the entire range of work. If the cycle is incomplete, you will have to purchase finished film at an inflated price - this affects the cost of the finished product.

The production process consists of several stages.

1. Polyethylene granulate is poured into the extruder. Here the raw materials are melted until smooth.
2. By squeezing the alloy, a sleeve of film is formed.
3. The sleeve is cooled and rolled out using rollers.
4. Using equipment (automatic knives), the sleeve is divided into sections of the required length. Drawings are applied to these segments (if necessary).
5. The film falls under the press, where the bottom fold of the bag is created, the handles are cut out, and the shape of the workpiece is determined.
6. The edges are soldered - the product is ready.

Room

The production facility should be located in an industrial area of ​​the city, far from residential areas. It is best to rent it on the outskirts of the city - here you can find a cheap option.

The height of the ceilings in the work shop where the location will be located Production Line- at least 8 m, three-phase electricity. All communication systems must be equipped, good ventilation must be present (so that harmful fumes escape). It is recommended to make cosmetic repairs.

An access road must lead to the premises.

Suitable area - 300 sq. m for a workshop, storage facilities for raw materials and finished products, administrative premises, locker rooms, and bathrooms.

When arranging the premises, take into account the requirements of GOST 12.2.032-78, 12.2.033-78, 12.2.061-81, 12.3.002-74.

Equipment

The line for the production of plastic bags is automated and does most of the work itself. The staff only operates the equipment and monitors its operation. The equipment described in this section provides a full production cycle.

Table 2. Equipment required for the production of plastic bags.

Raw materials

There are 2 main types of raw materials for the production of PE bags:

• high-density polyethylene (HDPE), granulated, for food products (requirements according to GOST 16337-77);
• granulated low-density polyethylene (HDPE), for non-food products (requirements according to GOST 16338-85).

To apply color images you will need:

• concentrate for coloring polyethylene;
• paints for drawing;
• solid polymer MSX-145 for creating photopolymer clichés and forms.

You can also create non-edible film using recycled granulate, which is much cheaper. The quality of the finished product based on it is worse.

Plastic raw materials from both Russian and foreign manufacturers are sold on the Russian market.

Staff

The equipment for the production of PE bags does most of the work itself - production workers perform only a maintenance function. This allows you to reduce staff and monthly costs. However, the salary must be high to motivate people to work well and “hold on” to their place.

The staff should include:

• workers in the workshop, 2 people;
• loaders, general workers, 2 people;
• technologist, 1 person;
• sales manager, 1 person;
• driver, 1 person;
• accountant, 1 person;
• manager of a mini plant, 1 person.

You can combine the positions of a technologist and a shop manager - the person holding this position will monitor how other employees work. We recommend hiring a driver with your own car, and outsourcing an accountant. The functions of the manager of a mini-factory can be taken on by the businessman himself.

Marketing and sales plan

Start looking for buyers and orders even before production begins. WITH potential buyers enter into preliminary agreements or full-fledged contracts.

Thoroughly study the market, current supply and prices, find those who need plastic bags for work. A sales manager will work with clients - negotiate and conclude contracts. Design and print POS materials (including business cards).

Make an official website, describe the advantages of your enterprise in it, place Commercial offer. Organize a mailing list.

Be sure to place ads on the Internet, thematic media, and promote your products at industrial exhibitions.

Payback and profitability calculations: business plan

Size initial costs amounted to 5.24 million rubles.

The workshop will operate 22 days a month for 8 hours (standard working day). Line productivity per hour is up to 65 kg, per day - up to 520 kg, per month - up to 11,440 kg. There are about 200 bags in 1 kg (for example, 1 T-shirt bag 46 × 55 mm). That is, up to 2.288 million packages of this type can be made per month.

Expenses per month - 1.72 million rubles. (the cost of 1 package is 75.2 kopecks).

The price of 1 package is approximately 1.3 rubles. If you sell all the products produced in a month, you can earn almost 3 million rubles. Net profit minus expenses - 1.28 million rubles.

In this case, the payback period will be only 4 months. But to sell in a month everything that is produced for initial stage It's unlikely to succeed. If you build active sales activities, work in different regions and actively promote yourself, you can pay for yourself in about 1 year.

Tables 3. Economic justification business ideas.

PE bags are harmful to the environment. The plastic from which they are made takes 300 years to break down. There is not yet a full-fledged system for the collection, disposal and processing of polyethylene - neither in Russia nor in other countries. Most of the used bags end up in landfills, dumped into the ocean, and cause significant harm to the planet’s biosphere. Because of this, many countries (mostly the USA, Western Europe, Japan) are gradually abandoning this product and are looking for a replacement (for example, paper bags).

In Russia, the volumes of production and consumption of plastic bags are growing. Experts believe that this situation will continue in the medium term.

One more point: in 2017, one of the special representatives of the President of the Russian Federation proposed introducing an environmental fee for the use of plastic bags. Now the idea is just being developed, but in a few years the fee could be introduced - this will create an additional burden on producers. Take this into account when drawing up detailed business project.

Despite the negative attitude of environmentalists towards polyethylene, the idea of ​​​​production is profitable. According to the business plan, the production of plastic bags will reach zero within a year of active work. The business requires considerable expenses, but the financial return is quite decent.

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